The Physical Impacts of Microplastics on Marine Organisms: A Review
Abstract
Plastic debris at the micro-, and potentially also the nano-scale, are widespread in the environment. Microplastics have accumulated in oceans and sediments worldwide in recent years, with maximum concentrations reaching 100 000 particles m(3). Due to their small size, microplastics may be ingested by low trophic fauna, with uncertain consequences for the health of the organism. This review focuses on marine invertebrates and their susceptibility to the physical impacts of microplastic uptake. Some of the main points discussed are (1) an evaluation of the factors contributing to the bioavailability of microplastics including size and density; (2) an assessment of the relative susceptibility of different feeding guilds; (3) an overview of the factors most likely to influence the physical impacts of microplastics such as accumulation and translocation; and (4) the trophic transfer of microplastics. These findings are important in guiding future marine litter research and management strategies.
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MPs can induce toxic effects on organisms, affecting normal functioning, and may cause organ-specific toxicities such as neuronal, digestive, reproductive, and developmental toxicity.
“MPs can induce toxic effects on organisms, affecting normal functioning, and may cause several organ-specific toxicities, such as neuronal, digestive, reproductive, and developmental toxicity [17,18,19,20,21,22,23].”
From Is Wild Marine Biota Affected by Microplastics? (2022) · cites this paper as [23]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Wright, S. L., Thompson, R. C., & Galloway, T. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Exeter (GB)
- University of Plymouth (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Wright, Stephanie L.
- Venue
- Environmental Pollution
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-07
- Volume
- 178
- Pages
- 483-492
- ISSN
- 0269-7491 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2003022112
- Cited by
- 4,524
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 357 · 2025: 520 · 2024: 539 · 2023: 535 · 2022: 544 · 2021: 510 · 2020: 475 · 2019: 341 · 2018: 266 · 2017: 162 · 2016: 123 · 2015: 91 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 20
- FWCI
- 6.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Environmental Pollution (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
- Keywords
- microplastics, marine invertebrates, bioavailability, particle size and density, trophic guilds, microplastic ingestion, microplastic accumulation, translocation, trophic transfer, marine litter, plastic pollution
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Environmental Monitoring, Plastics, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Aquatic Organisms
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