The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Trust in close relationships.
Abstract
A theoretical model describing interpersonal trust in close relationships is presented. Three dimensions of trust are identified, based on the type of attributions drawn about a partner's motives. These dimensions are also characterized by a developmental progression in the relationship. The validity of this theoretical perspective was examined through evidence obtained from a survey of a heterogeneous sample of established couples. An analysis of the Trust Scale in this sample was consistent with the notion that the predictability, dependability, and faith components represent distinct and coherent dimensions. A scale to measure interpersonal motives was also developed. The perception of intrinsic motives in a partner emerged as a dimension, as did instrumental and extrinsic motives. As expected, love and happiness were closely tied to feelings of faith and the attribution of intrinsic motivation to both self and partner. Women appeared to have more integrated, complex views of their relationships than men: All three forms of trust were strongly related and attributions of instrumental motives in their partners seemed to be self-affirming. Finally, there was a tendency for people to view their own motives as less self-centered and more exclusively intrinsic in flavor than their partner's motives.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In the case of fulfillment (3a), the trustor realizes a benefit. This can be financial, but her desired outcome might also be entertainment, sociability, time saved, reduced cognitive effort, or seamless collaboration (Corritore et al., 2003; McKnight et al., 2000; Rempel, Holmes, & Zanna, 1985).”
From The mechanics of trust: A framework for research and design (2005) · cites this paper as Rempel, Holmes, & Zanna, 1985
In the citing paper
“(1) trust, once broken, is difficult to rebuild [45]”
From Effects of Mock Facebook Workday Comments on Public Perception of Professional Credibility: A Field Study in Canada (2019) · cites this paper as [45]
Citations
Cites
Exchange and Power in Social Life
Blau, P. M. (2017) · doi:10.4324/9780203792643 · Cited by 15,923
Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability
Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1973) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(73)90033-9 · Cited by 9,984
(1973) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,836
Interpersonal trust, trustworthiness, and gullibility.
Rotter, J. B. (1980) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.35.1.1 · Cited by 1,694
Interpersonal attraction in exchange and communal relationships.
Clark, M. S., & Mills, J. (1979) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.37.1.12 · Cited by 1,535
The resolution of conflict;: Constructive and destructive processes
Deutsch, M. (1973) · Virtual Defense Library (Ministerio de Defensa) · Cited by 1,441
The Dyadic Trust Scale: Toward Understanding Interpersonal Trust in Close Relationships
Larzelere, R. E., & Huston, T. L. (1980) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/351903 · Cited by 1,300
Societal structures of the mind
(1975) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(75)80165-1 · Cited by 1,008
The justice motive: Some hypotheses as to its origins and forms 1
Lerner, M. J. (1977) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1977.tb00591.x · Cited by 781
A schematic model of dispositional attribution in interpersonal perception.
Reeder, G. D., & Brewer, M. B. (1979) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.86.1.61 · Cited by 723
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 601–700 of 1,009
Darbes, L. A., Chakravarty, D., Neilands, T. B., Beougher, S. C., & Hoff, C. C. (2013) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-013-0206-x · Cited by 83
Laboratory studies of trust between humans and machines in automated systems
Moray, N. P., & Inagaki, T. (1999) · Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control · doi:10.1177/014233129902100408 · Cited by 83
Kurdek, L. A. (1991) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.27.4.627 · Cited by 83
Mesch, G. S. (2012) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2012.03.010 · Cited by 93
Gender-Based Differences in Consumer E-Commerce Adoption
Slyke, C. V., Bélanger, F., Johnson, R. D., & Hightower, R. (2010) · Communications of the Association for Information Systems · doi:10.17705/1cais.02602 · Cited by 82
“Trustworthiness There is some evidence that trustworthiness is more important in the early stages of a relationship [Rempel et al. 1985].”
Brand trust: a cross-national validation in Germany, India, and South Africa
Hegner, S. M., & Jevons, C. (2016) · Journal of Product & Brand Management · doi:10.1108/jpbm-02-2015-0814 · Cited by 82
Designing for Human-Agent Interaction
Lewis, M. (1998) · Cited by 83
Kyung, N., & Kwon, H. E. (2022) · Production and Operations Management · doi:10.1111/poms.13785 · Cited by 90
Operant leadership and employee citizenship: A question of trust?
Rubin, R. S., Bommer, W. H., & Bachrach, D. G. (2010) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2010.03.005 · Cited by 80
The Role of Trust in Low‐Income Mothers' Intimate Unions
Burton, L. M., Cherlin, A. J., Winn, D.-M. C., Estacion, A., & Holder‐Taylor, C. (2009) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2009.00658.x · Cited by 80
“And the development of trust in these relationships most likely proceeds along the lines described by Rempel et al. (1985), although this premise has not been empirically substantiated in low-income or racial and ethnic minority populations.”
BackgroundSheng, S., Brown, J. R., Nicholson, C. Y., & Poppo, L. (2006) · International Journal of Research in Marketing · doi:10.1016/j.ijresmar.2006.01.006 · Cited by 80
Trust and Influence in Combat: An Interdependence Model
Sweeney, P. J., Thompson, V. D., & Blanton, H. (2009) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2008.00437.x · Cited by 80
“, 1998; Thibaut & Kelley, 1959; Zand, 1972), there is support in the literature for this finding (Butler, 1991; Gabarro, 1978; Hall, Dugan, Zheng, & Mishra, 2001; McKnight et al., 1998; Posner & Kouzes, 1988; Rempel et al., 1985).”
Mackey, R. A., Diemer, M. A., & O'Brien, B. A. (2004) · Journal of Homosexuality · doi:10.1300/j082v47n01_07 · Cited by 80
Interpersonal forgiveness, trust, and the investment model of commitment
Wieselquist, J. (2009) · Journal of Social and Personal Relationships · doi:10.1177/0265407509347931 · Cited by 80
“Interpersonal trust can be defined as the expectation that a partner can be relied upon to be responsive to one’s needs, both in the present and in the future (Holmes & Rempel, 1989; Rempel, Holmes, & Zanna, 1985).”
BackgroundOrganizational trust and performance: Is organizational learning capability a missing link?
Guinot, J., Chiva, R., & Broch, F. F. M. (2013) · Journal of Management & Organization · doi:10.1017/jmo.2014.3 · Cited by 81
Somewhere under the rainbow: Exploring the identities and experiences of trans persons
Dargie, E., Blair, K. L., Pukall, C. F., & Coyle, S. M. (2014) · The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality · doi:10.3138/cjhs.2378 · Cited by 97
The effect of voice and humour on users’ perceptions of personal intelligent agents
Moussawi, S., & Benbunan-Fich, R. (2021) · Behaviour & Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2020.1772368 · Cited by 83
“The faith component of interpersonal trust re fl ects an emotional security that enables a trustor to feel assured about the trustee ’ s behaviour (Komiak and Benbasat 2004; Rempel, Holmes, and Zanna 1985).”
BackgroundEffects of Cognitive Load on Trusting Behavior – An Experiment Using the Trust Game
Samson, K., & Kostyszyn, P. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127680 · Cited by 87
“Trust is a process that has both social as well as cognitive components—it is not only a belief about the intentions of others but also a rational calculation of probability concerning a specific person in a specific situation [3, 52–58].”
BackgroundHow do we assess the trustworthiness of AI? Introducing the trustworthiness assessment model (TrAM)
Schlicker, N., Baum, K. L., Uhde, A., Sterz, S., Hirsch, M. C., & Langer, M. (2025) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2025.108671 · Cited by 106
A Model of Customers' Trust in E-Businesses: Micro-Level Inter-Party Trust Formation
Kim, E.-J., & Tadisina, S. K. (2007) · Journal of Computer Information Systems · doi:10.1080/08874417.2007.11645998 · Cited by 81
Getha‐Taylor, H., Grayer, M. J., Kempf, R. J., & O’Leary, R. (2018) · The American Review of Public Administration · doi:10.1177/0275074018773089 · Cited by 105
Perfectionism, beliefs, and adjustment in dating relationships
Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., Shapiro, B., & Rayman, J. (2001) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-001-1013-4 · Cited by 78
“The validity of the measures has been demonstrated in a variety of contexts (e.g., Rempel, Holmes, & Zanna, 1985; Zuroff& de Lorimier, 1989).”
BackgroundFeng, B., Li, S., & Li, N. (2013) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/0093650213510942 · Cited by 80
“The six items were drawn from two existing scales of trust (Rempel, Holmes, & Zanna, 1985; Wheeless & Grotz, 1977) and were modified for use in the current study.”
MethodAffective trust in buyer-seller relationships: a two-dimensional scale
Akrout, H., Diallo, M. F., Akrout, W., & Chandon, J. (2016) · Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing · doi:10.1108/jbim-11-2014-0223 · Cited by 83
Interdependence and the interpersonal sense of control: An analysis of family relationships.
Cook, W. L. (1993) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.64.4.587 · Cited by 78
The Impact of Trust on Business, International Security and the Quality of Life
Michalos, A. C. (2003) · Social indicators research series · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-0389-5_19 · Cited by 78
The equilibrium model of relationship maintenance.
Murray, S., Holmes, J. G., Griffin, D. W., & Derrick, J. L. (2015) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspi0000004 · Cited by 77
Self-citationMeasuring care-based moral development: The Ethic of Care Interview.
Skoe, E. E. (2014) · Behavioral Development · doi:10.1037/h0100594 · Cited by 80
“With regard to intimate social interaction, recently Skoe, Pratt and Øvregård (2011) examined the links among care-based moral development, commitment, and trust measured with the Trust in Close Relationships Questionnaire (TIR; Rempel et al., 1985) in 90 Canadian young adults, approximately 26 years of age.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialCaldwell, S., Sweetser, P., O’Donnell, N., Knight, M. J., Aitchison, M., Gedeon, T., Johnson, D. M., Brereton, M. F., Gallagher, M. R., & Conroy, D. (2022) · ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems · doi:10.1145/3514257 · Cited by 92
Egger, F. F. (2003) · doi:10.6100/ir572640 · Cited by 77
Kim, S., Lee, K. Y., Koo, C., & Yang, S. (2017) · Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing · doi:10.1080/10548408.2016.1244024 · Cited by 76
The Hidden Side of Trust: Supporting and Sustaining Leaps of Faith among Firefighters
Pratt, M. G., Lepisto, D. A., & Dane, E. (2018) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0001839218769252 · Cited by 81
Trust and biased memory of transgressions in romantic relationships.
Luchies, L. B., Wieselquist, J., Rusbult, C. E., Kumashiro, M., Eastwick, P. W., Coolsen, M. K., & Finkel, E. J. (2013) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0031054 · Cited by 76
“Trust is the expectation that a partner can be relied upon to be responsive to one’s needs and to promote one’s best interests, both now and in the future (Holmes & Rempel, 1989; Rempel, Holmes, & Zanna, 1985; for reviews of conceptualizations of trust, see Simpson, 2007a, 2007b).”
BackgroundInfluentialA Study of the Multilevel and Dynamic Nature of Trust in E-Commerce from a Cross-Stage Perspective
Kim, D. J. (2014) · International Journal of Electronic Commerce · doi:10.2753/jec1086-4415190101 · Cited by 79
“Unfortunately, although some previous studies on interpersonal relationships have shown that trust develops and changes over time based on ongoing interactions [79, 92, 127], the extant literature has not examined to any substantial extent exactly how trust may continue to evolve beyond the formation of initial trust…”
BackgroundDarwin's monkey: Why baboons can't become human
Strum, S. C. (2012) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.22158 · Cited by 75
Ego depletion decreases trust in economic decision making
Ainsworth, S. E., Baumeister, R. F., Dan Ariely, C., & Vohs, K. D. (2014) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2014.04.004 · Cited by 75
Knowledge Sharing and Trust in OrganizationsPreprint
McNeish, J., & Mann, I. J. S. (2009) · SSRN Electronic Journal · Cited by 75
Ovulation leads women to perceive sexy cads as good dads.
Durante, K. M., Griskevicius, V., Simpson, J. A., Cantú, S. M., & Li, N. P. (2012) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0028498 · Cited by 74
Trust and Partner-Enhancing Attributions in Close Relationships
Miller, P. J., & Rempel, J. K. (2004) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167203262803 · Cited by 74
“Trust, on the other hand, is specifically a future-oriented construct (Holmes & Rempel, 1989).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationDeHart, T., Pelham, B. W., & Murray, S. (2004) · Social Cognition · doi:10.1521/soco.22.1.126.30986 · Cited by 80
“Consistent with this idea, Kitayama and Karasawa (1997) found that unmarried Japanese men liked the letters in their surnames more than did unmarried Japanese women.”
BackgroundWHILE TRUST IS COOL AND COLLECTED, DISTRUST IS FIERY AND FRENZIED: A MODEL OF DISTRUST CONCEPTS
McKnight, D. H., & Chervany, N. L. (2001) · Journal of the Association for Information Systems · Cited by 75
Dabholkar, P. A., van Dolen, W., & de Ruyter, K. (2009) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.20265 · Cited by 75
The impact of trust on business, international security and the quality of life
Michalos, A. C. (1990) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/bf00383390 · Cited by 74
Nienaber, A.-M., Hofeditz, M., & H. Searle, R. (2014) · International Journal of Bank Marketing · doi:10.1108/ijbm-12-2013-0146 · Cited by 74
“…B2C "A customer’s confidence or willingness to rely on a service provider’s competence and reliability" (Moorman et al. 1992, Rempel et al. 1985) - Service provider expertise (0.40) - Product performance (0.14) - Firm reputation (0.09) - Satisfaction with previous…”
BackgroundInfluentialGaines, S. O., Panter, A. T., Lyde, M. D., Steers, W. N., Rusbult, C. E., Cox, C. L., & Wexler, M. O. (1997) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.73.3.610 · Cited by 73
Gillath, O., Karantzas, G. C., & Selçuk, E. (2017) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167217719731 · Cited by 78
In the wake of betrayal: Amends, forgiveness, and the resolution of betrayal
Hannon, P. A., Rusbult, C. E., Finkel, E. J., & KAMASHIRO, M. (2010) · Personal Relationships · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2010.01275.x · Cited by 73
Morrison, T. G., Beaulieu, D., Brockman, M., & Beaglaoich, C. Ó. (2011) · Psychology and Sexuality · doi:10.1080/19419899.2011.631571 · Cited by 73
“Rempel, Holmes, and Zanna ( 1985) maintain that relational trust consists of three elements: (1) predictability (i.”
BackgroundDo others bring out the worst in narcissists? The ‘‘Others Exist for Me’’ illusion
Sedikides, C., Campbell, W. K., Reeder, G. D., Elliot, A. J., & Gregg, A. P. (2002) · Cited by 73
Love, Boundaries, and the Patient-Physician Relationship
Farber, N. J. (1997) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.1997.00440410017001 · Cited by 73
Sellers’ Trust and Continued Use of Online Marketplaces
University of Arizona, & Sun, H. (2010) · Journal of the Association for Information Systems · doi:10.17705/1jais.00226 · Cited by 136
“There are both cognitive and affective components in the act of trusting (Johnson-George and Swap, 1982; Lewis and Weigert, 1985; McAllister, 1995; Rempel et al., 1985; Swan et al., 1999; Swan et al., 1988).”
BackgroundBuilding Trust in a Postconflict Society
Kenworthy, J. B., Voci, A., Ramiah, A. A., Tausch, N., Hughes, J., & Hewstone, M. (2015) · Journal of Conflict Resolution · doi:10.1177/0022002714564427 · Cited by 74
“We also report measures of out-group trust concerning the predictability (see Rempel, Holmes, and Zanna 1985) of out-group behavior and the expectation that the out-group will not harm the in-group.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialLee, J., Abe, G., Sato, K., & Itoh, M. (2021) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2021.06.013 · Cited by 76
Dimitriadis, S., Kouremenos, A., & Kyrezis, N. (2011) · International Journal of Bank Marketing · doi:10.1108/02652321111101356 · Cited by 72
Understanding the Formation of Trust in IT Artifacts
Söllner, M., Hoffmann, A., Hoffmann, H., Wacker, A., & Leimeister, J. M. (2012) · Alexandria (UniSG) (University of St.Gallen) · Cited by 73
Benevolence trust: a key determinant of user continuance use of online social networks
Wu, C., Huang, Y., & Hsu, C. (2013) · Information Systems and e-Business Management · doi:10.1007/s10257-013-0216-1 · Cited by 78
“Benevolence is based on the qualities, intentions, and characteristics attributed to the focal partner that demonstrate a genuine concern and care for the partner through sacrifices transcending a purely egocentric profit motive (Rempel et al. 1985).”
BackgroundKerler, W. A., & Killough, L. N. (2008) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-008-9752-x · Cited by 72
Berenson, K. R., & Andersen, S. M. (2006) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167206291671 · Cited by 72
Perceived Versus Actual Transparency of Goals in Negotiation
Vorauer, J. D., & Claude, S.-D. (1998) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167298244004 · Cited by 72
Trust in healthcare settings: Scale development, methods, and preliminary determinants
LoCurto, J., & Berg, G. M. (2016) · SAGE Open Medicine · doi:10.1177/2050312116664224 · Cited by 71
“”2 There are four elements that comprise trust: (1) it develops from past experiences and prior interactions; (2) the partner is regarded as reliable, dependable, and concerned with providing expected rewards; (3) it involves putting oneself at risk, through disclosure of information, reliance on another, or sacrifici…”
BackgroundIntegrating reciprocity into a social exchange model of inter-firm B2B relationships
Voss, K. E., Tanner, E. C., Mohan, M., Lee, Y., & Kim, H. K. (2019) · Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing · doi:10.1108/jbim-07-2018-0219 · Cited by 78
Esmaeilzadeh, P. (2019) · JMIR Medical Informatics · doi:10.2196/14050 · Cited by 83
“Emotional trust, which is an individual’s evaluation of feeling and faith [40], is developed by emotional reactions to the trustee.”
BackgroundExplanations, Fairness, and Appropriate Reliance in Human-AI Decision-Making
Schoeffer, J., De‐Arteaga, M., & Kühl, N. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642621 · Cited by 105
“More importantly, trust and reliance are different constructs [66]: reliance is the behavior of adhering to or over-riding AI recommendations, whereas trust is a subjective attitude regarding the whole system, which builds up and develops over time [92, 103, 126].”
BackgroundThe influence of alarm timing on braking response and driver trust in low speed driving
Abe, G., & Richardson, J. (2005) · Safety Science · doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2005.04.006 · Cited by 71
Lin‐Hi, N., Hörisch, J., & Blumberg, I. (2014) · VOLUNTAS International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations · doi:10.1007/s11266-014-9506-6 · Cited by 69
Ms. Trust: Gender, Networks and Trust—Implications for Management and Education
Bevelander, D. L., & Page, M. J. (2011) · Academy of Management Learning and Education · doi:10.5465/amle.2009.0138 · Cited by 78
Adler‐Baeder, F. M., Bradford, A. B., Skuban, E. M., Lucier‐Greer, M., Ketring, S. A., & Smith, T. J. (2010) · Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy · doi:10.1080/15332691003694885 · Cited by 71
“Trust is a three-item measure (adapted from Rempel, Holmes, & Zanna, 1985 ).”
Mediators of the Link Between Autistic Traits and Relationship Satisfaction in a Non-Clinical Sample
Pollmann, M. M. H., Finkenauer, C., & Begeer, S. (2009) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-009-0888-z · Cited by 73
“Researchers on close relationships recognize that relationship quality varies as a function of both people’s individual dispositions and their relationship-specific behavior and feelings (e.g. Holmes and Rempel 1989).”
The trickle-down effects of perceived trustworthiness on subordinate performance.
Cremer, D. D., van Dijke, M., Schminke, M. J., Schutter, L. D., & Stouten, J. (2018) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000339 · Cited by 74
Modelling Control in Relationships
Stets, J. E. (1995) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/353701 · Cited by 71
Development and Validation of the Sexual Agreement Investment Scale
Neilands, T. B., Chakravarty, D., Darbes, L. A., Beougher, S. C., & Hoff, C. C. (2009) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224490902916017 · Cited by 70
Agarwal, U. A., & Narayana, S. A. (2020) · Benchmarking An International Journal · doi:10.1108/bij-05-2019-0220 · Cited by 81
Ullrich, D., Butz, A. M., & Diefenbach, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Robotics and AI · doi:10.3389/frobt.2021.554578 · Cited by 72
“A review of trust de fi nitions in general (e.g., Rotter, 1967; Barber, 1983; Rempel et al., 1985; Luhmann, 2018) highlights the multidimensionality of the concept, each focusing on different aspects of people ’ s everyday usage of trust.”
BackgroundMcCabe, T., & Sambrook, S. A. (2013) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.10.003 · Cited by 69
Factors of stickiness in transfers of know-how between MNC units
Montazemi, A., Pittaway, J., Qahri-Saremi, H., & Wei, Y.-H. (2012) · Journal of strategic information systems · doi:10.1016/j.jsis.2012.01.001 · Cited by 79
Trusted Autonomy and Cognitive Cyber Symbiosis: Open Challenges
Abbass, H. A., Petraki, E., Merrick, K. E., Harvey, J., & Barlow, M. (2015) · Cognitive Computation · doi:10.1007/s12559-015-9365-5 · Cited by 68
“[25] conjectured that trust between humans is a dynamic expectation with predictable changes that begins with predictability before transitioning to dependability and, finally, to faith.”
BackgroundSelf-Determination and Sexual Experience in Dating Relationships
Brunell, A. B., & Webster, G. D. (2013) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167213485442 · Cited by 68
“Intrinsically motivated relationship partners report greater relational functioning (Rempel et al., 1985; Seligman et al., 1980).”
The S cience of Interpersonal Trust
Borum, R. (2010) · Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) · Cited by 69
Opposites Fit: Regulatory Focus Complementarity and Relationship Well-Being
Bohns, V. K., Lucas, G., Molden, D. C., Finkel, E. J., Coolsen, M. K., Kumashiro, M., Rusbult, C. E., & Higgins, E. T. (2013) · Social Cognition · doi:10.1521/soco.2013.31.1.1 · Cited by 69
Great expectations: a predictive processing account of automobile driving
Engström, J., Bärgman, J., Nilsson, D., Seppelt, B., Markkula, G. M., Piccinini, G. B., & Victor, T. (2017) · Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science · doi:10.1080/1463922x.2017.1306148 · Cited by 76
Kulms, P., & Kopp, S. (2019) · Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2019 · doi:10.1145/3340764.3340793 · Cited by 68
“Trust evolves over time in interpersonal relationships and is promoted by different factors as time progresses [68].”
BackgroundJones, W. H., Couch, L. L., & Scott, S. (1997) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012134645-4/50020-2 · Cited by 68
Effect of relationship experience on trust recovery following a breach
Schilke, O. S., Reimann, M., & Cook, K. S. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1314857110 · Cited by 67
“Tenth, regions of interest (ROIs) were defined both on the basis of the Talairach client automatically (4) and a standard neuroanatomical atlas in which we identified each brain structure manually (6).”
Direct and indirect effect of brand experience on true brand loyalty: role of involvement
Mathew, V., & Thomas, S. (2018) · Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics · doi:10.1108/apjml-08-2017-0189 · Cited by 68
Perspective-Related Differences in Interpretations of Injustice by Victims and Victimizers
Mikula, G. (1994) · Critical issues in social justice · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0984-8_8 · Cited by 68
Ethnic differences in subclinical paranoia: An expansion of norms of the Paranoia Scale.
Combs, D. R., Penn, D. L., & Fenigstein, A. (2002) · Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology · doi:10.1037/1099-9809.8.3.248 · Cited by 68
“The scale correlated negatively with the PS (Fenigstein & Vanable, 1992) and was found to be positively correlated with a variety of partner ratings of interpersonal closeness (Rempel et al., 1985).”
BackgroundAn Improved Scale for Assessing Patients' Trust in Their Physician
Leisen, B., & Hyman, M. R. (2001) · Health Marketing Quarterly · doi:10.1300/j026v19n01_03 · Cited by 67
Pullins, E. B. (2001) · Industrial Marketing Management · doi:10.1016/s0019-8501(99)00095-4 · Cited by 67
“Similar findings showed that love and happiness were closely related to attributions of intrinsic motivation to self and partner [24].”
ResultTemporal effects of information from social networks on online behavior
Ha, H., John, J., John, J., & Chung, Y. (2016) · Internet Research · doi:10.1108/intr-03-2014-0084 · Cited by 68
“Affective trust is closely related to the perception that a partner’s actions are intrinsically motivated (Rempel et al., 1985).”
BackgroundConsumer trust and confidence in the compliance of Islamic banks
Ashraf, S., Robson, J., & Sekhon, Y. (2015) · Journal of Financial Services Marketing · doi:10.1057/fsm.2015.8 · Cited by 63
Information Specificity and Hazard Risk Potential as Moderators of Trust Asymmetry
White, M. P., & Eiser, J. R. (2005) · Risk Analysis · doi:10.1111/j.1539-6924.2005.00659.x · Cited by 66
“Moreover, although trust is generally thought to be something positive (see Gambetta, 2000), many observers believe it is fragile in the sense that it is difficult to gain but relatively easy to lose (Barber, 1983; Burt & Knez, 1996; Dasgupta, 2000; Levi, 1998; Rempel et al., 1985).”
BackgroundMitchell, J. W., & Petroll, A. E. (2012) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-012-0255-5 · Cited by 66
“serostatus of their partner; and validated measures for relationship factors of trust [13], relationship commitment”
BackgroundKulms, P., & Kopp, S. (2018) · Frontiers in Digital Humanities · doi:10.3389/fdigh.2018.00014 · Cited by 66
“In interpersonal relationships, trust evolves over time (Rempel et al., 1985).”
BackgroundDrivers of brand trust in internet retailing
Ruparelia, N., White, L., & Hughes, K. (2010) · Journal of Product & Brand Management · doi:10.1108/10610421011059577 · Cited by 66
“One concept is that trust builds from past experience ( Rempel et al. , 1985”
BackgroundA study of relationship effectiveness between marketing and sales managers in business markets
Dawes, P. L., & Massey, G. R. (2006) · Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing · doi:10.1108/08858620610690119 · Cited by 66
“Another perspective suggests that trust is based on benevolence and a general concern for other people which transcends the personal profit motivebenevolence (e.g., Rempel, Holmes, and Zanna, 1985).”
BackgroundInfluentialElaborating Feedback Strategies for Maintaining Automation in Highly Automated Driving
Höck, P., Kraus, J., Walch, M., Lang, N., & Baumann, M. R. K. (2016) · International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications (AutomotiveUI) · doi:10.1145/3003715.3005414 · Cited by 69
“Holmes, and Zanna [25] state that interpersonal trust – which is the trust between people – initially depends on the predictability of a person’s action.”
BackgroundUnderstanding Is Key: An Analysis of Factors Pertaining to Trust in a Real-World Automation System
Balfe, N., Sharples, S., & Wilson, J. R. (2018) · Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society · doi:10.1177/0018720818761256 · Cited by 74
“…and • faith—the extent of belief that the automation will be able to cope with future system states that it may not yet have encountered (Madsen & Gregor, 2000; Muir, 1994; Rempel et al., 1985). overvIew of case study Railway signaling control is a critical aspect of railway operations, with…”
BackgroundInfluentialKim, J. J., Nam, M.-J., & Kim, I. (2018) · Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing · doi:10.1080/10548408.2018.1494086 · Cited by 68
Commitment and Trust in Close Relationships
Rusbult, C. E., Wieselquist, J., Foster, C. A., & Witcher, B. S. (1999) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-4773-0_25 · Cited by 67
What makes you attached to social companion AI? A two-stage exploratory mixed-method study
Hu, D., Lan, Y., Yan, H., & Chen, C. W. (2025) · International Journal of Information Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2025.102890 · Cited by 83
Metadata
- Authors
- Rempel, J. K., Holmes, J. G., & Zanna, M. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Waterloo (CA)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 1985-07
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 95-112
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2034235631
- Cited by
- 3,146
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 77 · 2025: 110 · 2024: 108 · 2023: 127 · 2022: 121 · 2021: 153 · 2020: 135 · 2019: 132 · 2018: 141 · 2017: 125 · 2016: 137 · 2015: 135 · 2014: 120 · 2013: 124 · 2012: 133
- FWCI
- 7.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Forgiveness and Related Behaviors
- Keywords
- interpersonal trust, close relationships, couples, intrinsic motivation, instrumental motivation, extrinsic motivation, self-affirmation, faith, predictability, dependability, gender differences, relationship building, trust scale
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
