The differentiation of semantic dementia and frontal lobe dementia (temporal and frontal variants of frontotemporal dementia) from early Alzheimer's disease: a comparative neuropsychological study
Abstract
The authors compared age-matched groups of patients with the frontal and temporal lobe variants of frontotemporal dementia (FTD; dementia of frontal type [DFT] and semantic dementia), early Alzheimer's disease (AD), and normal controls (n = 9 per group) on a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. A distinct profile emerged for each group: Those with AD showed a severe deficit in episodic memory with more subtle, but significant, impairments in semantic memory and visuospatial skills; patients with semantic dementia showed the previously documented picture of isolated, but profound, semantic memory breakdown with anomia and surface dyslexia but were indistinguishable from the AD group on a test of story recall; and the DFT group were the least impaired and showed mild deficits in episodic memory and verbal fluency but normal semantic memory. The frontal and temporal presentations of FTD are clearly separable from each other and from early AD.
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Temporal lobe damage impairs semantic category fluency more than letter fluency.
“while temporal lobe damage impairs semantic category fluency to a greater extent than letter fluency (e.g. Hodges et al. 1999; Newcombe, 1969, Butters et al.; 1987; Monsch, 1994; Chan et al; 1993; Baldo et al., 2006).”
From Neural systems supporting lexical search guided by letter and semantic category cues: a self-paced overt response fMRI study of verbal fluency (2010) · cites this paper as Hodges et al. 1999
Frontal lobe damage disproportionately impairs letter fluency.
“Studies have shown, for example, that frontal lobe damage results in disproportionate impairment to letter fluency (e.g. Hodges et al., 1999; Miller, 1984; Baldo et al. 2001; Moscovitch et al., 1994)”
From Neural systems supporting lexical search guided by letter and semantic category cues: a self-paced overt response fMRI study of verbal fluency (2010) · cites this paper as Hodges et al., 1999
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Reading Disorders in Primary Progressive Aphasia: a behavioral and neuroimaging study
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Neurocognitive contributions to verbal fluency deficits in frontotemporal lobar degeneration
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Predominant ventromedial frontopolar metabolic impairment in frontotemporal dementia
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Cognition and neuropsychiatry in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia by disease stage
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The heterogeneity of mild cognitive impairment: A neuropsychological analysis
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Semantic dementia: relevance to connectionist models of long-term memory
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Instrumental activities of daily living scale for dementia screening in elderly people
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Can visuospatial measures improve the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease?
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Behavioral Quantitation Is More Sensitive Than Cognitive Testing in Frontotemporal Dementia
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Semantic knowledge and episodic memory for faces in semantic dementia.
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Associative and recognition memory for novel objects in dementia: implications for diagnosis
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Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): Validation study for Frontotemporal Dementia
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The Early Neuropsychological and Behavioral Characteristics of Frontotemporal Dementia
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Errorless learning of computer-generated words in a patient with semantic dementia
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Relational Integration and Executive Function in Alzheimer's Disease.
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Behavior and Treatment in Frontotemporal Dementia
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Lost and Found: Bespoke Memory Testing for Alzheimer's Disease and Semantic Dementia
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Word List Versus Story Memory in Alzheimer Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia
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The underlying mechanisms of verbal fluency deficit in frontotemporal dementia and semantic dementia
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- Authors
- Hodges, J. R., Patterson, K., Ward, R., Garrard, P., Bak, T., Perry, R., & Gregory, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Venue
- Neuropsychology
- Published
- 1999
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 31-40
- ISSN
- 0894-4105 (ISSN-L)
- 1931-1559
- OpenAlex
- W2030202961
- Cited by
- 335
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 10.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuropsychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Keywords
- semantic dementia, frontotemporal dementia, early Alzheimer's disease, differential diagnosis, episodic memory, semantic memory, visuospatial ability, anomia, surface dyslexia, story recall, verbal fluency
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Aged, Atrophy, Cognition Disorders, Dementia, Female, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Semantics, Severity of Illness Index, Temporal Lobe, Cohort Studies
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