Cited by 808Cancer, Hypoxia, and MetabolismAngiogenesis and VEGF in CancerErythropoietin and Anemia Treatment

The role of hypoxia-inducible factors in tumorigenesis

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Rankin, E B, Giaccia, A J·2008·Cell Death & Differentiation

Abstract

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are essential mediators of the cellular oxygen-signaling pathway. They are heterodimeric transcription factors consisting of an oxygen-sensitive alpha subunit (HIF-alpha) and a constitutive beta subunit (HIF-beta) that facilitate both oxygen delivery and adaptation to oxygen deprivation by regulating the expression of genes that control glucose uptake, metabolism, angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. In most experimental models, the HIF pathway is a positive regulator of tumor growth as its inhibition often results in tumor suppression. In clinical samples, HIF is found elevated and correlates with poor patient prognosis in a variety of cancers. In summary, HIF regulates multiple aspects of tumorigenesis, including angiogenesis, proliferation, metabolism, metastasis, differentiation, and response to radiation therapy, making it a critical regulator of the malignant phenotype.

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Crossref · 10.1038/cdd.2008.21

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  • HIF-1 controls the expression of genes involved in tumor cell immortalization, stem cell maintenance/de-differentiation, genetic instability, autocrine growth, invasion/metastasis, and treatment failure.

    “HIF-1 also controls the expression of genes involved in tumor cell immor- talization, stem cell maintenance/de-differentiation, genetic in- stability, autocrine growth, invasion/metastasis, and treatment failure (6, 7).”

    From Digoxin and other cardiac glycosides inhibit HIF-1α synthesis and block tumor growth (2008) · cites this paper as [7]

    The Figure 3 caption (Angiogenesis section; page not provided) says HIF-regulated genes contribute to proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, and the Differentiation discussion links HIF signaling to an undifferentiated state. But the review does not establish that HIF-1 controls genes for every listed outcome: it attributes direct Oct4 regulation to HIF-2, does not substantiate immortalization or genetic instability, and describes HIF-1’s effects on radiotherapy response as mixed rather than simply causing treatment failure. (LLM, conf=0.87)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Activation of HIF-1α directly augments transcription of genes involved in angiogenesis and metastasis, such as VEGF, MMP-9, lysyl oxidase, and carbonic anhydrase IX.

    “Activation of HIF-1α will directly augment the transcription of genes involved in angiogenesis and metastasis, such as VEGF, MMP-9, lysyl oxidase and carbonic anhydrase IX (Rankin and Giaccia, 2008).”
  • Clinically, hypoxia is associated with HIF activation, metastasis, resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and poor patient survival.

    “Clinically, hypoxia is associated with HIF activation, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, as well as poor patient survival”

    From Hypoxic control of metastasis (2016) · cites this paper as [4]

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Authors
Rankin, E. B., & Giaccia, A. J.
Affiliations
Stanford Medicine (US)
Corresponding author
Giaccia, A J
Venue
Cell Death & Differentiation
Published
2008-02-15
Volume
15
Issue
4
Pages
678-685
ISSN
  • 1350-9047 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-5403
OpenAlex
W2014245338
Cited by
806
References
105
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 48 · 2014: 56 · 2013: 51 · 2012: 46
FWCI
5.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cell Death and Differentiation (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Cancer Institute (P01CA067166, T32CA009151)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Erythropoietin and Anemia Treatment
Keywords
hypoxia-inducible factor, carcinogenesis, oxygen signaling, hypoxia-inducible factor alpha, angiogenesis, cancer metabolism, tumor growth, metastasis, radiation response, tumor differentiation, prognosis, apoptosis, cell proliferation
MeSH terms
Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1, Adaptation, Physiological, Animals, Hypoxia, Cell Differentiation, Energy Metabolism, Humans, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Neoplasm Metastasis, Neoplasms, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Oxygen, Signal Transduction, Cell Hypoxia, Cell Proliferation, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit

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