Cited by 1,267Cell death mechanisms and regulationInflammasome and immune disordersCalpain Protease Function and Regulation

Old, new and emerging functions of caspases

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Shalini, S, Dorstyn, L, Dawar, S, Kumar, S·2015·Cell Death & Differentiation

Abstract

Caspases are proteases with a well-defined role in apoptosis. However, increasing evidence indicates multiple functions of caspases outside apoptosis. Caspase-1 and caspase-11 have roles in inflammation and mediating inflammatory cell death by pyroptosis. Similarly, caspase-8 has dual role in cell death, mediating both receptor-mediated apoptosis and in its absence, necroptosis. Caspase-8 also functions in maintenance and homeostasis of the adult T-cell population. Caspase-3 has important roles in tissue differentiation, regeneration and neural development in ways that are distinct and do not involve any apoptotic activity. Several other caspases have demonstrated anti-tumor roles. Notable among them are caspase-2, -8 and -14. However, increased caspase-2 and -8 expression in certain types of tumor has also been linked to promoting tumorigenesis. Increased levels of caspase-3 in tumor cells causes apoptosis and secretion of paracrine factors that promotes compensatory proliferation in surrounding normal tissues, tumor cell repopulation and presents a barrier for effective therapeutic strategies. Besides this caspase-2 has emerged as a unique caspase with potential roles in maintaining genomic stability, metabolism, autophagy and aging. The present review focuses on some of these less studied and emerging functions of mammalian caspases.

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Crossref · 10.1038/cdd.2014.216

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  • Activated CASP9 can catalyze the proteolytic activation of CASP3 and CASP7, which are widely perceived as the enzymes responsible for cell demolition during intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis in mammalian cells (executioner caspases).

    “Activated CASP9 can catalyze the proteolytic activation of CASP3 and CASP7, which are widely perceived as the enzymes responsible for cell demolition during intrinsic (and extrinsic, see below) apoptosis in mammalian cells (and hence are commonly known as executioner caspases) [179, 180].”

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Authors
Shalini, S., Dorstyn, L., Dawar, S., & Kumar, S.
Affiliations
University of South Australia (AU)
Corresponding author
Kumar, S
Venue
Cell Death & Differentiation
Published
2014-12-19
Volume
22
Issue
4
Pages
526-539
ISSN
  • 1350-9047 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-5403
OpenAlex
W2016540525
Cited by
1,267
References
205
Citations by year
2026: 45 · 2025: 80 · 2024: 140 · 2023: 116 · 2022: 142 · 2021: 152 · 2020: 154 · 2019: 130 · 2018: 79 · 2017: 87 · 2016: 89 · 2015: 50 · 2014: 1
FWCI
7.12
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cell Death and Differentiation (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Medical Research Council
  • National Health and Medical Research Council (1041807, 1002863, 1043057, 1021456)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Calpain Protease Function and Regulation
Keywords
caspases, non-apoptotic caspase function, caspase-1, caspase-11, pyroptosis, caspase-8, necroptosis, caspase-3, caspase-2, CASP14, inflammation, tumor suppression, tumor progression, genome stability, autophagy, aging, tissue regeneration, neural development
MeSH terms
Animals, Cell Differentiation, Humans, Regeneration, Apoptosis, Inflammation Mediators, Caspases, Genomic Instability, Carcinogenesis

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