The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
STAT3 signalling is required for leptin regulation of energy balance but not reproduction
Abstract
Secretion of leptin from adipocytes communicates body energy status to the brain by activating the leptin receptor long form (LRb). LRb regulates energy homeostasis and neuroendocrine function; the absence of LRb in db/db mice results in obesity, impaired growth, infertility and diabetes. Tyr 1138 of LRb mediates activation of the transcription factor STAT3 during leptin action. To investigate the contribution of STAT3 signalling to leptin action in vivo, we replaced the gene encoding the leptin receptor (lepr) in mice with an allele coding for a replacement of Tyr 1138 in LRb with a serine residue (lepr(S1138)) that specifically disrupts the LRb-STAT3 signal. Here we show that, like db/db mice, lepr(S1138) homozygotes (s/s) are hyperphagic and obese. However, whereas db/db mice are infertile, short and diabetic, s/s mice are fertile, long and less hyperglycaemic. Furthermore, hypothalamic expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) is elevated in db/db mice but not s/s mice, whereas the hypothalamic melanocortin system is suppressed in both db/db and s/s mice. LRb-STAT3 signalling thus mediates the effects of leptin on melanocortin production and body energy homeostasis, whereas distinct LRb signals regulate NPY and the control of fertility, growth and glucose homeostasis.
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“Recent evidence from transgenic animal models suggests that, in addition to the STAT3 signaling system, a distinct and parallel signal transduction pathway exists that regulates hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) and controls fertility, most likely through activation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) and PI3K kinase (55).”
From The role of falling leptin levels in the neuroendocrine and metabolic adaptation to short-term starvation in healthy men (2003) · cites this paper as [55]
In the citing paper
“Mice with homozygous knock-in substitution of LepRb tyrosine residue Tyr1138”
From Targeting Janus Kinases and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 To Treat Inflammation, Fibrosis, and Cancer: Rationale, Progress, and Caution (2020) · cites this paper as Bates et al., 2003
In the citing paper
“Mice bearing a mutant LepRb gene in which Tyr1138 is replaced by a serine residue (s/s mice) are unable to recruit STAT3 and are characterized by hyperphagia, obesity (14) and reduced energy expenditure (12)”
From Leptin and the Central Nervous System Control of Glucose Metabolism (2011) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“suggesting that the Tyr1138 →STAT3 pathway plays a crucial role in the regulation of regulation of energy homeostasis (12, 14).”
From Leptin and the Central Nervous System Control of Glucose Metabolism (2011) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“However, the phenotype of these s/s mice does not completely mimic that of either ob/ob or db/db mice with respect to glucose metabolism, immune function or reproduction (13, 14), implying that other LepRb signals must also contribute to leptin action.”
From Leptin and the Central Nervous System Control of Glucose Metabolism (2011) · cites this paper as [14]
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“Y1138S (Lepr) mutation disrupted STAT3 activation, resulting in hyperphagia, impairment of thermoregulation, and obesity (35).”
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“Leptin-evoked activation of Stat3 suppresses expression of Agrp and stimulates expression of Pomc in the arcuate nucleus; other LRb pathways regulate Np”
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“Recent evidence from transgenic animal models suggests that, in addition to the STAT3 signaling system, a distinct and parallel signal transduction pathway exists that regulates hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) and controls fertility, most likely through activation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) and PI3…”
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“, as well as binding of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) to Ser1138 of the intracellular domain of the leptin receptor (encoded by Lepr”
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“The numbers of synapses were virtually identical between ob/ob and db/db mice, giving further credence to our proposition that it is the long form of the leptin receptor that mediates leptin's effect on POMC synaptology, presumably through STAT3 signalin”
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“Mice with defective LEPR-B STAT3 signaling are also fertile but unable to lactate, suggesting that leptin mediates its role in the control of lactation via the LEPR-B STAT3–signaling pathway (30).”
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“Analogous to the ob gene mutation, the mutation of the leptin receptor gene is also found in some human families; however, the mutation is very rare. s/s mouse The s/s mouse is a more specific, genetically engineered animal model of leptin receptor deficiency (Bates et al., 2003, 2005).”
BackgroundAdiponectin, Leptin and Cardiovascular Disorders
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“It is important to note that both insulin and leptin are capable of activating intracellular signaling cascades which regulate gene transcription independent of changes in cellular activity (Bates et al., 2003; Xu et al., 2007; Fukuda et al., 2008; Hill et al., 2008).”
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“Leptin-induced transactivation of NPY gene promoter mediated by JAK1, JAK2 and STAT3 in the neural cell lines.”
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“STAT3 directly activates POMC transcription and inhibits that of NPY, thus exerting an anoretic effect; whereas deficiencies in STAT3 in the brain result in obesity and diabetes (Bates et al. 2003, Gao et al. 2004), a phenotype resembling leptin and leptin receptor mutants.”
BackgroundLeptin and the maintenance of elevated body weight
Pan, W. W., & Myers, M. G. (2018) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.168 · Cited by 344
Self-citationLeptin controls adipose tissue lipogenesis via central, STAT3–independent mechanisms
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“While leptin-induced activation of STAT3 is critical for normal energy homeostasis (12, 14), selective deletion of STAT3 in either POMC (205) or NPY/AgRP (70) neurons results in a mild-obesity phenotype, as occurs when leptin receptors are selectively deleted from these cells (5, 46, 187).”
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“have shown that mice bearing a mutation (Tyr1138Ser) on OBRb are hyperphagic and obese, with measurable deregulation in expression of hypothalamic POMC, NPY, and AgRP genes (Bates et al., 2003).”
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“(D) Representative immunohistochemistry of pStat3 formation in hypothalamic neurons of male ND-fed control and PPKO mice at 12–15 weeks of age.”
BackgroundInfluentialDirect and indirect effects of leptin on adipocyte metabolism
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“Similarly, selective removal of ObRb from neural tissue resulted in obesity and diabetes, but did not affect fertility or cold tolerance of mice [122–123].”
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“, IL-6, LIF, oncostatin M, ciliary neurotrophic factor, growth hormone and prolactin, the leptin signal is thought to be transmitted mainly by the JAK-STAT pathway [8,14,88,150,203].”
BackgroundInfluentialAdipokines and the Peripheral and Neural Control of Energy Balance
Ahima, R. S., & Lazar, M. A. (2008) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.2007-0529 · Cited by 324
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“…and displayed hyperphagia and decreased energy expenditure, leading to massive early-onset obesity associated with increased serum leptin levels (Bates et al., 2003; Bates and Myers, 2004), which correlated with increased adipose mass in these mice and also indicated resistance to the normal…”
BackgroundTakahashi, K. A., & Cone, R. D. (2005) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2004-1397 · Cited by 308
Selective Insulin and Leptin Resistance in Metabolic Disorders
Könner, A. C., & Brüning, J. C. (2012) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.07.004 · Cited by 320
Leptin revisited: its mechanism of action and potential for treating diabetes
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Mutations in ligands and receptors of the leptin–melanocortin pathway that lead to obesity
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Leptin Deficiency and Diet-Induced Obesity Reduce Hypothalamic Kisspeptin Expression in Mice
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Leptin in human physiology and therapeutics
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“In addition to activating POMC neurons, the JAK2/STAT3 pathway likely also suppresses AgRP/NPY neurons in the ARC, which produce the orexigenic neuropeptides agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), but to a lesser degree [14,80].”
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p70S6 Kinase Phosphorylates AMPK on Serine 491 to Mediate Leptin's Effect on Food Intake
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“This signaling network, which is implicated in leptin’s acute effects (Hill et al., 2008; Niswender et al., 2001), is likely to be complementary to the Stat3-mediated more long-term regulation of food intake and body weight (Bates et al., 2003; Myers et al., 2009).”
BackgroundDiet-induced Obesity Alters AMP Kinase Activity in Hypothalamus and Skeletal Muscle
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Leptin signalling pathways in hypothalamic neurons
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CNTF reverses obesity-induced insulin resistance by activating skeletal muscle AMPK
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“The phosphorylation of Tyr1138 within the long form of LRb is crucial for mediating the effects of leptin on body-weight regulation and STAT3 signalin”
BackgroundThe adipocyte as an endocrine organ in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis
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“and a Y1138S mutation that disrupts STAT3 activation, results in hyperphagia, impairment of thermoregulation, and obesity (Bates et al., 2003; Israel and Chua, 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe melanocortin pathway and control of appetite-progress and therapeutic implications
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“Leptin signaling by STAT3 is required for leptin regulation of energy balance (Bates et al. 2003).”
Circadian dysfunction induces leptin resistance in mice
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“We found that STAT3 phosphorylation (pSTAT3) in POMC neurons, which is a direct consequence of LEPR-B-mediated JAK2 signaling and is required for LEPR-B-controlled POMC activation (Bates et al., 2003), peaked at ZT2.”
BackgroundNeuronal Shp2 tyrosine phosphatase controls energy balance and metabolism
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“(82) suggests that leptin’s effect on NPY neurons may not be dependent on STAT3 activation.”
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“In particular, the activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling was found to be critically involved in modulatory effects of leptin on energy homeostasis (Bates et al., 2003; Dardeno et al., 2010).”
BackgroundRole of Notch and its oncogenic signaling crosstalk in breast cancer
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Leptin's Role in Lipodystrophic and Nonlipodystrophic Insulin-Resistant and Diabetic Individuals
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“Although the ObRb/JAK2/STAT3 pathway is important for leptin-mediated reduction of appetite and body weight, it plays a minor role in leptin’s ability to improve euglycemia (285).”
BackgroundThe role of leptin in leptin resistance and obesity
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“The JAK2/STAT3 pathway is believed to be essential for mediating leptin's effects on homeostatic energy regulation [23].”
BackgroundInsulin and its evolving partnership with leptin in the hypothalamic control of energy homeostasis
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Cross-talk between estrogen and leptin signaling in the hypothalamus
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“In the first two of these, it was noted that mutation of the STAT3 binding site on LRb promoted dramatic obesity, with only modest impairment of fertility (6).”
BackgroundAdvances in understanding the interrelations between leptin resistance and obesity
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“The process that Y1138 recruits the transcription factor STAT3, together with its phosphorylation by JAK2, dimerization and translocation into the arcuate nucleus, regulates the expression and metabolism of POMC, SOCS3, NPY and AgRP.”
BackgroundInfluential
Metadata
- Authors
- Bates, S. H., Stearns, W. H., Dundon, T. A., Schubert, M., Tso, A. W. K., Wang, Y., Banks, A. S., Lavery, H. J., Haq, A. K., Maratos-Flier, E., Neel, B. G., Schwartz, M. W., & Myers, M. G.
- Affiliations
- Joslin Diabetes Center (US)
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Myers, Martin G.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2003-02
- Volume
- 421
- Issue
- 6925
- Pages
- 856-859
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2103270369
- Semantic Scholar
- 25ab9d73ec0d0c8fc3c6ec167cccbfe002d52c52
- Cited by
- 1,010
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 66 · 2013: 67 · 2012: 54
- FWCI
- 20.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- STAT3 signaling, leptin, leptin receptor, energy homeostasis, obesity, fertility, neuropeptide Y, melanocortin system, hypothalamus, glucose homeostasis, db/db mice, hyperphagia, insulin resistance
- MeSH terms
- Alleles, alpha-MSH, Animals, Blood Glucose, Body Weight, Cell Line, Diabetes Mellitus, DNA-Binding Proteins, Energy Metabolism, Female, Homeostasis, Humans, Infertility, Male, Neuropeptide Y, Obesity, Phenotype, Receptors, Cell Surface, Reproduction, RNA, Messenger, Signal Transduction, Trans-Activators, Leptin, Estrous Cycle, STAT3 Transcription Factor, Mice, Receptors, Leptin
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