Decreasing hypothalamic insulin receptors causes hyperphagia and insulin resistance in rats

The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates

Palkovits, M. (1983) · Neuropeptides · doi:10.1016/0143-4179(83)90049-5 · Cited by 28,959 · see citing works

Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue

Zhang, Y., Proenca, R., Maffei, M., Barone, M., Leopold, L., & Friedman, J. M. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/372425a0 · Cited by 13,419 · see citing works

Central nervous system control of food intake

Schwartz, M. W., Woods, S. C., Porte, D., Seeley, R. J., & Baskin, D. G. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35007534 · Cited by 6,451 · see citing works

Recombinant Mouse OB Protein: Evidence for a Peripheral Signal Linking Adiposity and Central Neural Networks

Campfield, L. A., Smith, F. J., Guisez, Y., Devos, R., & Burn, P. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7624778 · Cited by 3,243 · see citing works

Role of Brain Insulin Receptor in Control of Body Weight and Reproduction

Brüning, J. C., Gautam, D., Burks, D. J., Gillette, J., Schubert, M., Orban, P. C., Klein, R., Krone, W., Müller-Wieland, D., & Kahn, C. R. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.289.5487.2122 · Cited by 2,235 · see citing works

Leptin levels reflect body lipid content in mice: Evidence for diet-induced resistance to leptin action

Frederich, R. C., Hamann, A., Anderson, S., Löllmann, B., Lowell, B. B., & Flier, J. S. (1995) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1295-1311 · Cited by 1,660 · see citing works

Isolated removal of hypothalamic or other brain nuclei of the rat

Palkovits, M. (1973) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(73)90290-4 · Cited by 1,441 · see citing works

The role of depot fat in the hypothalamic control of food intake in the rat

Gc, K. (1953) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.1953.0009 · Cited by 1,432 · see citing works

Obese and diabetes: Two mutant genes causing diabetes-obesity syndromes in mice

Coleman, D. L. (1978) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00429772 · Cited by 1,307 · see citing works

Insulin receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system of the rat

Havránková, J., Roth, J., & Brownstein, M. (1978) · Nature · doi:10.1038/272827a0 · Cited by 1,116 · see citing works

Chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of insulin reduces food intake and body weight of baboons

Woods, S. C., Lotter, E. C., McKay, L. D., & Porte, D. (1979) · Nature · doi:10.1038/282503a0 · Cited by 1,114 · see citing works

A nutrient-sensing pathway regulates leptin gene expression in muscle and fat

Wang, J., Liu, R., Hawkins, M. A., Barzilai, N., & Rossetti, L. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/31474 · Cited by 823 · see citing works

Insulin in the Brain: A Hormonal Regulator of Energy Balance*

Schwartz, M. W., Figlewicz, D. P., Baskin, D. G., Woods, S. C., & Porte, D. (1992) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv-13-3-387 · Cited by 808 · see citing works

Correction of hyperglycemia with phlorizin normalizes tissue sensitivity to insulin in diabetic rats.

Rossetti, L., Smith, D. J., Shulman, G. I., Papachristou, D. N., & DeFronzo, R. A. (1987) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci112981 · Cited by 808 · see citing works

Key enzyme in leptin-induced anorexia

Niswender, K. D., Morton, G. J., Stearns, W. H., Rhodes, C. J., Myers, M. G., & Schwartz, M. W. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35101657 · Cited by 585 · see citing works

Inhibition of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y gene expression by insulin.

Schwartz, M. W., Sipols, A. J., Marks, J. L., Sanacora, G., White, J. D., Scheurink, A., Kahn, S. E., Baskin, D. G., Woods, S. C., & Figlewicz, D. P. (1992) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.130.6.1597158 · Cited by 555 · see citing works

Recruitment of functional GABAA receptors to postsynaptic domains by insulin

Wan, Q., Xiong, Z., Man, H., Ackerley, C., Braunton, J., Lu, W. Y., Becker, L. E., MacDonald, J. F., & Wang, Y. T. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/41792 · Cited by 537 · see citing works

Antisense oligonucleotides inhibit intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression by two distinct mechanisms.

Chiang, M. Y.-N., Chan, H., Zounes, M. A., Freier, S., Lima, W. F., & Bennett, C. F. (1991) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)55250-9 · Cited by 463 · see citing works

Effect of Intracerebroventricular Insulin Infusion on Diabetic Hyperphagia and Hypothalamic Neuropeptide Gene Expression

Sipols, A. J., Baskin, D. G., & Schwartz, M. W. (1995) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.44.2.147 · Cited by 389 · cited 1× · see citing works

Central melanocortin receptors regulate insulin action

Obici, S., Feng, Z., Tan, J., Liu, L., Karkanias, G., & Rossetti, L. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200112954 · Cited by 370 · see citing works

Central melanocortin receptors regulate insulin action

Obici, S., Feng, Z., Tan, J., Liu, L., Karkanias, G. B., & Rossetti, L. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci12954 · Cited by 370 · see citing works

Insulin In The Brain

Baskin, D. G., Figlewicz, D. P., Woods, S. C., Porte, D., & Dorsa, D. M. (1987) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.49.030187.002003 · Cited by 344 · see citing works

Leptin selectively decreases visceral adiposity and enhances insulin action

Barzilai, N., Wang, J., Massilon, D., Vuguin, P., Hawkins, M., & Rossetti, L. (1997) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci119865 · Cited by 335 · cited 1× · see citing works

Relative contribution of glycogen synthesis and glycolysis to insulin-mediated glucose uptake. A dose-response euglycemic clamp study in normal and diabetic rats.

Rossetti, L., & Giaccari, A. (1990) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci114636 · Cited by 249 · see citing works

CENTRAL INSULIN ADMINISTRATION REDUCES NEUROPEPTIDE Y mRNA EXPRESSION IN THE ARCUATE NUCLEUS OF FOOD-DEPRIVED LEAN (Fa/Fa) BUT NOT OBESE (fa/fa) ZUCKER RATS

Schwartz, M. W., Marks, J. L., Sipolst, A. J., Basking, D. G., Woods, S. C., Kahn, S. E., & Porte, D. (1991) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-128-5-2645 · Cited by 245 · see citing works

Intracerebroventricular Leptin Regulates Hepatic but Not Peripheral Glucose Fluxes

Liu, L., Karkanias, G. B., Morales, J. C., Hawkins, M., Barzilai, N., Wang, J., & Rossetti, L. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.47.31160 · Cited by 222 · see citing works

Leptin Receptor Long-form Splice-variant Protein Expression in Neuron Cell Bodies of the Brain and Co-localization with Neuropeptide Y mRNA in the Arcuate Nucleus

Baskin, D. G., Schwartz, M. W., Seeley, R. J., Woods, S. C., Porte, D., Breininger, J. F., Jonak, Z., Schaefer, J., Krouse, M., Burghardt, C., et al. (1999) · Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · doi:10.1177/002215549904700309 · Cited by 200 · see citing works

Small molecule insulin mimetics reduce food intake and body weight and prevent development of obesity

Air, E. L., Strowski, M. Z., Benoit, S. C., Conarello, S., Salituro, G., Guan, X.-M., Liu, K., Woods, S. C., & Zhang, B. B. (2002) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0202-179 · Cited by 169 · see citing works

Specificity Controls for Immunocytochemical Methods

Burry, R. W. (2000) · Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · doi:10.1177/002215540004800201 · Cited by 152 · see citing works

Suppression of food intake by intravenous nutrients and insulin in the baboon

Woods, S. C., Stein, L. J., McKay, L. D., & Porte, D. (1984) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1984.247.2.r393 · Cited by 130 · see citing works

Regulation by insulin of a unique neuronal Ca2+ pool and of neuropeptide secretion

Jonas, E. A., Knox, R. J., Smith, T. C. M., Wayne, N. L., Connor, J. A., & Kaczmarek, L. K. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/385343a0 · Cited by 120 · see citing works

The effect of leptin on Lep expression is tissue-specific and nutritionally regulated

Wang, J., Liu, R., Liu, L., Chowdhury, R., Barzilai, N., Tan, J., & Rossetti, L. (1999) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/11335 · Cited by 78 · see citing works

Lack of Feedback Inhibition of Insulin Secretion in Denervated Human Pancreas

Luzi, L., Battezzati, A., Perseghin, G., Bianchi, E., Vergani, S., Secchi, A., Rocca, E. L., Staudacher, C., Spotti, D., Ferrari, G. C., et al. (1992) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.41.12.1632 · Cited by 73 · see citing works

Evidence that the brain of the conscious dog is insulin sensitive.

Davis, S. N., Colburn, C., Dobbins, R., Nadeau, S., Neal, D., Williams, P., & Cherrington, A. D. (1995) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci117703 · Cited by 68 · see citing works

Decreased visceral adiposity accounts for leptin effect on hepatic but not peripheral insulin action

Barzilai, N., She, L., Liu, L., Wang, J., Hu, M., Vuguin, P. M., & Rossetti, L. (1999) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.2.e291 · Cited by 63 · see citing works

Insulin and IGF‐I Receptor Signaling in Cultured Neuronsa

Heidenreich, K. A. (1993) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb26207.x · Cited by 56 · see citing works

Evidence that p21ras mediates the neurotrophic effects of insulin and insulin-like growth factor I in chick forebrain neurons

Robinson, L. J., Leitner, W., Draznin, B., & Heidenreich, K. A. (1994) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.135.6.7988444 · Cited by 37 · see citing works

From the Triumvirate to the Ominous Octet: A New Paradigm for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

DeFronzo, R. A. (2009) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db09-9028 · Cited by 3,016 · see citing works

Energy Metabolism in the Liver

Rui, L. (2014) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c130024 · Cited by 2,258 · see citing works

Brain insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer disease: concepts and conundrums

Arnold, S. E., Arvanitakis, Z., Macauley-Rambach, S. L., Koenig, A. M., Wang, H.-Y., Ahima, R. S., Craft, S., Gandy, S., Buettner, C., Stoeckel, L. E., et al. (2018) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2017.185 · Cited by 1,597 · see citing works

Hypothalamic IKKβ/NF-κB and ER Stress Link Overnutrition to Energy Imbalance and Obesity

Zhang, X., Zhang, G., Zhang, H., Karin, M., Bai, H., & Cai, D. (2008) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.043 · Cited by 1,350 · see citing works

Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus

DeFronzo, R. A. (2004) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2004.04.013 · Cited by 1,342 · see citing works

Pancreatic regulation of glucose homeostasis.

Röder, P. V., Wu, B., Liu, Y., & Han, W. (2016) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/emm.2016.6 · Cited by 985 · see citing works

Hypothalamic insulin signaling is required for inhibition of glucose production

Obici, S., Zhang, B. B., Karkanias, G., & Rossetti, L. (2002) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1202-798 · Cited by 904 · see citing works

Diabetes, Obesity, and the Brain

Schwartz, M. W., & Porte, D. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1104344 · Cited by 841 · see citing works

Mechanisms of obesity-associated insulin resistance: many choices on the menuPreprint

Qatanani, M., & Lazar, M. A. (2007) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1550907 · Cited by 780 · see citing works

FROM MICE TO MEN: Insights into the Insulin Resistance Syndromes

Biddinger, S. B., & Kahn, C. R. (2005) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.68.040104.124723 · Cited by 700 · see citing works

Insulin Action in AgRP-Expressing Neurons Is Required for Suppression of Hepatic Glucose Production

Könner, A. C., Janoschek, R., Plum, L., Jordan, S. D., Rother, E., Ma, X., Xu, C., Enriori, P., Hampel, B., Barsh, G. S., et al. (2007) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.05.004 · Cited by 695 · see citing works

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitors for diabetes

Johnson, T., Ermolieff, J., & Jirousek, M. R. (2002) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd895 · Cited by 660 · see citing works

Hypothalamic KATP channels control hepatic glucose production

Pocai, A., Lam, T. K. T., Gutierrez-Juarez, R., Obici, S., Schwartz, G. J., Bryan, J., Aguilar-Bryan, L., & Rossetti, L. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03439 · Cited by 645 · see citing works

Role for neuronal insulin resistance in neurodegenerative diseases

Schubert, M., Gautam, D., Surjo, D., Ueki, K., Baudler, S., Schubert, D., Kondo, T., Alber, J., Galldiks, N., Kustermann, E., et al. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0308724101 · Cited by 339 · see citing works

Brain Insulin Resistance at the Crossroads of Metabolic and Cognitive Disorders in Humans

Kullmann, S., Heni, M., Hallschmid, M., Fritsche, A., Preissl, H. T., & Häring, H. (2016) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00032.2015 · Cited by 632 · see citing works

Dietary fructose: implications for dysregulation of energy homeostasis and lipid/carbohydrate metabolism.

Havel, P. J. (2005) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2005.tb00132.x · Cited by 607 · see citing works

The Hormonal Control of Food Intake

Coll, A. P., Farooqi, I. S., & O’Rahilly, S. (2007) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.04.001 · Cited by 605 · see citing works

The role of insulin receptor signaling in the brain

Plum, L., Schubert, M., & Brüning, J. C. (2005) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2005.01.008 · Cited by 604 · see citing works

Thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus: two closely associated disorders

Biondi, B., Kahaly, G. J., & Robertson, R. P. (2019) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2018-00163 · Cited by 598 · see citing works

Gonadal Hormones Determine Sensitivity to Central Leptin and Insulin

Clegg, D. J., Brown, L. M., Woods, S. C., & Benoit, S. C. (2006) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.55.04.06.db05-1339 · Cited by 552 · see citing works

Inhibition of hypothalamic carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 decreases food intake and glucose production

Obici, S., Feng, Z., Arduini, A., Conti, R., & Rossetti, L. (2003) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm873 · Cited by 548 · see citing works

Pathogenic potential of adipose tissue and metabolic consequences of adipocyte hypertrophy and increased visceral adiposity

Bays, H. E., González-Campoy, J. M., Bray, G. A., Kitabchi, A. E., Bergman, D. A., Schorr, A. B., Rodbard, H. W., & Henry, R. R. (2008) · Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy · doi:10.1586/14779072.6.3.343 · Cited by 531 · see citing works

Insulin and the insulin receptor in experimental models of learning and memory

Zhao, W., Chen, H., Quon, M. J., & Alkon, D. L. (2004) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.02.045 · Cited by 503 · see citing works

Insulin in the Brain: Its Pathophysiological Implications for States Related with Central Insulin Resistance, Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease

Blázquez, E., Velázquez, E., Hurtado-Carneiro, V., & Ruiz-Albusac, J. M. (2014) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2014.00161 · Cited by 502 · see citing works

Hypothalamic sensing of fatty acids

Lam, T. K. T., Schwartz, G. J., & Rossetti, L. (2005) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1456 · Cited by 478 · see citing works

Insulin Activation of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase in the Hypothalamic Arcuate Nucleus

Niswender, K. D., Morrison, C. D., Clegg, D. J., Olson, R., Baskin, D. G., Myers, M. G., Seeley, R. J., & Schwartz, M. W. (2003) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.2.227 · Cited by 476 · see citing works

Role of neuropeptides in appetite regulation and obesity – A review

Arora, S., & Anubhuti, A. (2006) · Neuropeptides · doi:10.1016/j.npep.2006.07.001 · Cited by 451 · see citing works

Forkhead protein FoxO1 mediates Agrp-dependent effects of leptin on food intake

Kitamura, T., Feng, Y., Kitamura, Y., Chua, S. C., Xu, A. W., Barsh, G. S., Rossetti, L., & Accili, D. (2006) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1392 · Cited by 449 · see citing works

Appetite control

Wynne, K., Stanley, S., McGowan, B. M., & Bloom, S. R. (2005) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.1.05866 · Cited by 452 · see citing works

Leptin and insulin pathways in POMC and AgRP neurons that modulate energy balance and glucose homeostasis.

Varela, L., & Horvath, T. L. (2012) · The EMBO Reports · doi:10.1038/embor.2012.174 · Cited by 426 · see citing works

Insulin and leptin revisited: adiposity signals with overlapping physiological and intracellular signaling capabilities

Niswender, K. D., & Schwartz, M. W. (2003) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/s0091-3022(02)00105-x · Cited by 421 · see citing works

Emerging role of the brain in the homeostatic regulation of energy and glucose metabolism

Roh, E., Song, D. K., & Kim, M.-S. (2016) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/emm.2016.4 · Cited by 391 · see citing works

A brain-liver circuit regulates glucose homeostasis

Pocai, A., Obici, S., Schwartz, G. J., & Rossetti, L. (2005) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2004.11.001 · Cited by 392 · see citing works

Identifying hypothalamic pathways controlling food intake, body weight, and glucose homeostasis

Elmquist, J. K., Coppari, R., Balthasar, N., Ichinose, M., & Lowell, B. B. (2005) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.20786 · Cited by 388 · see citing works

Disruption of neural signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 causes obesity, diabetes, infertility, and thermal dysregulation

Gao, Q., Wolfgang, M. J., Neschen, S., Morino, K., Horvath, T. L., Shulman, G. I., & Fu, X.-Y. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0303992101 · Cited by 385 · see citing works

Energy Metabolism in the Liver

Rui, L. (2014) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/j.2040-4603.2014.tb00548.x · Cited by 382 · see citing works

Genetics and Pathophysiology of Human Obesity

Cummings, D. E., & Schwartz, M. W. (2003) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev.med.54.101601.152403 · Cited by 371 · see citing works

Hormonal regulation of food intake

Stanley, S., Wynne, K., McGowan, B., & Bloom, S. (2005) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00015.2004 · Cited by 372 · see citing works

Leptin and the Central Nervous System Control of Glucose Metabolism

Morton, G. J., & Schwartz, M. W. (2011) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00007.2010 · Cited by 338 · see citing works

Insulin Signaling in the Central Nervous System

Porte, D., Baskin, D. G., & Schwartz, M. W. (2005) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.5.1264 · Cited by 336 · see citing works

Ghrelin Suppresses Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion and Deteriorates Glucose Tolerance in Healthy Humans

Tong, J., Prigeon, R., Davis, H., Bidlingmaier, M., Kahn, S., Cummings, D., Tschöp, M., & D'Alessio, D. (2010) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db10-0504 · Cited by 340 · see citing works

Brain Glucose Sensing, Counterregulation, and Energy Homeostasis

Marty, N., Dallaporta, M., & Thorens, B. (2007) · Physiology · doi:10.1152/physiol.00010.2007 · Cited by 330 · see citing works

Chemistry and Biochemistry of Type 2 Diabetes

Ross, S. A., Gulve, E. A., & Wang, M. (2004) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr0204653 · Cited by 326 · see citing works

Insulin in Central Nervous System: More than Just a Peripheral Hormone

Duarte, A. I., Moreira, P. I., & Oliveira, C. R. (2012) · Journal of Aging Research · doi:10.1155/2012/384017 · Cited by 324 · see citing works

The role of gut hormones and the hypothalamus in appetite regulation

Suzuki, K., Simpson, K. A., MINNION, J. S., Shillito, J. C., & Bloom, S. R. (2010) · Endocrine Journal · doi:10.1507/endocrj.k10e-077 · Cited by 318 · see citing works

Arcuate Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptors Regulate Glucose Homeostasis but Not Food Intake

Sandoval, D. A., Bagnol, D., Woods, S. C., D’Alessio, D. A., & Seeley, R. J. (2008) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db07-1824 · Cited by 316 · see citing works

Pathophysiologic Approach to Therapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

DeFronzo, R. A., Eldor, R., & Abdul‐Ghani, M. A. (2013) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dcs13-2011 · Cited by 316 · see citing works

Dysregulation of insulin receptor substrate 2 in β cells and brain causes obesity and diabetes

Lin, X., Taguchi, A., Park, S., Kushner, J. A., Li, F., Li, Y., & White, M. F. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci22217 · Cited by 313 · see citing works

Hippocampal Insulin Resistance Impairs Spatial Learning and Synaptic Plasticity

Grillo, C. A., Piroli, G. G., Lawrence, R. C., Wrighten, S. A., Green, A. J., Wilson, S. P., Sakai, R. R., Kelly, S. J., Wilson, M. A., Mott, D. D., et al. (2015) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db15-0596 · Cited by 308 · see citing works

Hyperinsulinemia in Obesity, Inflammation, and Cancer

Zhang, A. M. Y., Wellberg, E. A., Kopp, J. L., & Johnson, J. D. (2021) · Diabetes & Metabolism Journal · doi:10.4093/dmj.2020.0250 · Cited by 320 · see citing works

Selective Insulin and Leptin Resistance in Metabolic Disorders

Könner, A. C., & Brüning, J. C. (2012) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.07.004 · Cited by 304 · see citing works

Revenge of the “Sit”: How lifestyle impacts neuronal and cognitive health through molecular systems that interface energy metabolism with neuronal plasticity

Vaynman, S., & Gomez‐Pinilla, F. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.20979 · Cited by 299 · see citing works

Insulin in the Brain: Sources, Localization and Functions

Ghasemi, R., Haeri, A., Dargahi, L., Mohamed, Z., & Ahmadiani, A. (2012) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-012-8339-9 · Cited by 291 · see citing works

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Action in the Brain Increases Energy Expenditure and Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Rats

Sarruf, D. A., Thaler, J. P., Morton, G. J., German, J. P., Fischer, J. D., Ogimoto, K., & Schwartz, M. W. (2010) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db09-1878 · Cited by 287 · see citing works

Roles for Ghrelin in the Regulation of Appetite and Body Weight

Cummings, D. E. (2003) · Archives of Surgery · doi:10.1001/archsurg.138.4.389 · Cited by 286 · see citing works

Intranasal Insulin Reduces Body Fat in Men but not in Women

Hallschmid, M., Benedict, C., Schultes, B., Fehm, H.-L., Born, J., & Kern, W. (2004) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.11.3024 · Cited by 281 · see citing works

Pancreatic signals controlling food intake; insulin, glucagon and amylin

Woods, S. C., Lutz, T. A., Geary, N., & Langhans, W. (2006) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1858 · Cited by 286 · see citing works

CNS leptin and insulin action in the control of energy homeostasis

Belgardt, B., & Brüning, J. C. (2010) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05799.x · Cited by 275 · see citing works

Central insulin action regulates peripheral glucose and fat metabolism in mice

Koch, L., Wunderlich, F. T., Seibler, J., Könner, A. C., Hampel, B., Irlenbusch, S., Brabant, G. E., Kahn, C. R., Schwenk, F., & Brüning, J. C. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci31073 · Cited by 270 · see citing works

Molecular Mechanisms of Glucocorticoid-Induced Insulin Resistance

Beaupere, C., Liboz, A., Fève, B., Blondeau, B., & Guillemain, G. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22020623 · Cited by 271 · see citing works

A neural signaling triumvirate that influences ageing and age-related disease: insulin/IGF-1, BDNF and serotonin

Mattson, M. P., Maudsley, S. R., & Martin, B. (2004) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2004.08.001 · Cited by 266 · see citing works

Brain regulation of food intake and appetite: molecules and networks

Broberger, C. (2005) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2005.01553.x · Cited by 267 · see citing works

Lipid Processing in the Brain: A Key Regulator of Systemic Metabolism

Bruce, K. D., Zsombok, A., & Eckel, R. H. (2017) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2017.00060 · Cited by 264 · see citing works

Mouse models of insulin resistance

Hribal, M. L., Oriente, F., & Accili, D. (2002) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00561.2001 · Cited by 251 · see citing works

Insulin and its evolving partnership with leptin in the hypothalamic control of energy homeostasis

Niswender, K. D., Baskin, D. G., & Schwartz, M. W. (2004) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2004.07.009 · Cited by 250 · see citing works

Mouse Models of Insulin Resistance

Nandi, A. A., KITAMURA, Y., Kahn, C. R., & Accili, D. (2004) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00032.2003 · Cited by 247 · see citing works

Neuronal control of peripheral insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism

Ruud, J., Steculorum, S. M., & Brüning, J. C. (2017) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms15259 · Cited by 245 · see citing works

Dynamic Functional Relay between Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 and 2 in Hepatic Insulin Signaling during Fasting and Feeding

Kubota, N., Kubota, T., Itoh, S., Kumagai, H., Kozono, H., Takamoto, I., Mineyama, T., Ogata, H., Tokuyama, K., Ohsugi, M., et al. (2008) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.05.007 · Cited by 244 · see citing works

Western Diet Modulates Insulin Signaling, c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Activity, and Insulin Receptor Substrate-1ser307 Phosphorylation in a Tissue-Specific Fashion

Prada, P. O., Zecchin, H. G., Gasparetti, A. L., Torsoni, M. A., Ueno, M., Hirata, A. E., do Amaral, M. E. C., Höehr, N. F., Boschero, A. C., & Saad, M. J. A. (2005) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2004-0767 · Cited by 244 · see citing works

The role of insulin receptor substrate 2 in hypothalamic and β cell function

Choudhury, A. I., Heffron, H., Smith, M. A., Al‐Qassab, H., Xu, A. W., Selman, C., Simmgen, M., Clements, M., Claret, M., MacColl, G., et al. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci24445 · Cited by 241 · see citing works

High-fat feeding promotes obesity via insulin receptor/PI3K-dependent inhibition of SF-1 VMH neurons

Klöckener, T., Heß, S., Belgardt, B., Paeger, L., Verhagen, L. A. W., Husch, A., Sohn, J., Hampel, B., Dhillon, H., Zigman, J. M., et al. (2011) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2847 · Cited by 239 · see citing works

The role of leptin receptor signaling in feeding and neuroendocrine function

Bates, S. H., & Myers, M. G. (2003) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2003.10.003 · Cited by 239 · see citing works

Brain Insulin: Regulation, Mechanisms of Action and Functions

Gerozissis, K. (2003) · Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1023/a:1022598900246 · Cited by 235 · see citing works

Molecular disruption of hypothalamic nutrient sensing induces obesity

He, W., Lam, T. K. T., Obici, S., & Rossetti, L. (2006) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1626 · Cited by 233 · see citing works

Central nervous pathways of insulin action in the control of metabolism and food intake

Kullmann, S., Kleinridders, A., Small, D. M., Fritsche, A., Häring, H.-U., Preissl, H., & Heni, M. (2020) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(20)30113-3 · Cited by 233 · see citing works

The role of the autonomic nervous liver innervation in the control of energy metabolism

Yi, C., la Fleur, S. E., Fliers, E., & Kalsbeek, A. (2010) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2010.01.006 · Cited by 229 · see citing works

Critical role of STAT3 in leptin's metabolic actions

Buettner, C., Pocai, A., Muse, E. D., Etgen, A. M., Myers, M. G., & Rossetti, L. (2006) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2006.04.014 · Cited by 228 · see citing works

Monitoring of stored and available fuel by the CNS: implications for obesity

Seeley, R. J., & Woods, S. C. (2003) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1245 · Cited by 228 · see citing works

Minireview: Nutrient Sensing and the Regulation of Insulin Action and Energy Balance

Obici, S., & Rossetti, L. (2003) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2003-0999 · Cited by 218 · see citing works

Homeostasis Meets Motivation in the Battle to Control Food Intake

Ferrario, C. R., Labouèbe, G., Liu, S., Nieh, E. H., Routh, V. H., Xu, S., & O’Connor, E. C. (2016) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2338-16.2016 · Cited by 213 · see citing works

Restoration of hypothalamic lipid sensing normalizes energy and glucose homeostasis in overfed rats

Pocai, A. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci26640 · Cited by 211 · see citing works

Insulin Regulates Brain Function, but How Does It Get There?

Gray, S. M., Meijer, R. I., & Barrett, E. J. (2014) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db14-0340 · Cited by 206 · see citing works

Neuronal SH2B1 is essential for controlling energy and glucose homeostasis

Ren, D., Zhou, Y., Morris, D. L., Li, M., Li, Z., & Rui, L. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci29417 · Cited by 206 · see citing works

Tau deletion promotes brain insulin resistance

Marciniak, E., Leboucher, A., Caron, E., Ahmed, T., Tailleux, A., Dumont, J., Issad, T., Gerhardt, E., Pagesy, P., Vileno, M., et al. (2017) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20161731 · Cited by 205 · see citing works

Brain insulin signalling in metabolic homeostasis and disease

Scherer, T., Sakamoto, K., & Buettner, C. (2021) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-021-00498-x · Cited by 205 · see citing works

Insulin, leptin, and food reward: update 2008

Figlewicz, D. P., & Benoit, S. C. (2008) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.90725.2008 · Cited by 202 · see citing works

The role of NPY in hypothalamic mediated food intake

Mercer, R. E., Chee, M. J. S., & Colmers, W. F. (2011) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2011.06.001 · Cited by 194 · see citing works

The Control of Food Intake: Behavioral versus Molecular Perspectives

Woods, S. C. (2009) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2009.04.007 · Cited by 198 · see citing works

Brain insulin, energy and glucose homeostasis; genes, environment and metabolic pathologies

Gerozissis, K. (2008) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.01.050 · Cited by 197 · see citing works

Euglycemic hyperinsulinemia, but not lipid infusion, decreases circulating ghrelin levels in humans

Möhlig, M., Spranger, J., Otto, B., Ristow, M., Tschöp, M., & Pfeiffer, A. F. H. (2002) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/bf03344062 · Cited by 196 · see citing works

Insulin's direct effects on the liver dominate the control of hepatic glucose production

Edgerton, D. S. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci27073 · Cited by 194 · see citing works

Combination therapy with <scp>GLP</scp> ‐1 receptor agonist and <scp>SGLT2</scp> inhibitor

DeFronzo, R. A. (2017) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.12982 · Cited by 192 · see citing works

CNS insulin signaling in the control of energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism – from embryo to old age

Vogt, M. C., & Brüning, J. C. (2012) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2012.11.004 · Cited by 188 · see citing works

Insulin and the CNS: effects on food intake, memory, and endocrine parameters and the role of intranasal insulin administration in humans

Stockhorst, U., de Fries, D., Steingrüber, H.-J., & Scherbaum, W. A. (2004) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.07.022 · Cited by 191 · see citing works

Brain regulation of food intake and appetite: molecules and networks

Roberger, C. B. (2005) · Cited by 191 · see citing works

Inflammatory cause of metabolic syndrome via brain stress and NF-κB

Cai, D., & Liu, T. (2012) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.100431 · Cited by 189 · see citing works

Hypothalamic PI3K and MAPK differentially mediate regional sympathetic activation to insulin

Rahmouni, K., Morgan, D. A., Morgan, G. M., Liu, X., Sigmund, C. D., Mark, A. L., & Haynes, W. G. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci21737 · Cited by 187 · see citing works

Consumption of a high-fat diet induces central insulin resistance independent of adiposity

Clegg, D. J., Gotoh, K., Kemp, C., Wortman, M. D., Benoit, S. C., Brown, L. M., D’Alessio, D. A., Tso, P., Seeley, R. J., & Woods, S. C. (2011) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.01.010 · Cited by 187 · see citing works

Obesity: Current and potential pharmacotherapeutics and targets

Narayanaswami, V., & Dwoskin, L. P. (2016) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.10.015 · Cited by 184 · see citing works

Hypothalamic Responses to Long-chain Fatty Acids Are Nutritionally Regulated

Morgan, K., Obici, S., & Rossetti, L. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m400458200 · Cited by 187 · see citing works

Lentivirus-mediated downregulation of hypothalamic insulin receptor expression

Grillo, C. A., Tamashiro, K. L., Piroli, G. G., Melhorn, S. J., Gass, J. T., Newsom, R. J., Reznikov, L. R., Smith, A. C., Wilson, S. P., Sakai, R. R., et al. (2007) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.05.043 · Cited by 67 · see citing works

Failure of chronic experimental hyperinsulinism to alter insulin binding to hypothalamic receptors in the rat

Melnyk, R. B., & Martin, J. M. (1984) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/acta.0.1070086 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Short-term influence of intra-ventromedial hypothalamic administration of insulin on feeding in normal and diabetic rats

Hatfield, J. S., Millard, W. J., & Smith, C. J. V. (1974) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(74)90056-2 · Cited by 66 · see citing works

Starvation-induced changes in insulin binding to hypothalamic receptors in the rat

Melnyk, R. B., & Martin, J. M. (1984) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/acta.0.1070078 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

AdipoR1 mediates the anorexigenic and insulin/leptin‐like actions of adiponectin in the hypothalamus

Coope, A., Milanski, M., ARAUJO, E. P. D., Tambascia, M. A., Saad, M. J. A., Geloneze, B., & Velloso, L. A. (2008) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2008.03.037 · Cited by 165 · see citing works