T cell deficiency leads to cognitive dysfunction: Implications for therapeutic vaccination for schizophrenia and other psychiatric conditions
Open accessAbstract
The effects of the adaptive immune system on the cognitive performance and abnormal behaviors seen in mental disorders such as schizophrenia have never been documented. Here, we show that mice deprived of mature T cells manifested cognitive deficits and behavioral abnormalities, which were remediable by T cell restoration. T cell-based vaccination, using glatiramer acetate (copolymer-1, a weak agonist of numerous self-reactive T cells), can overcome the behavioral and cognitive abnormalities that accompany neurotransmitter imbalance induced by (+)dizocilpine maleate (MK-801) or amphetamine. The results, by suggesting that peripheral T cell deficit can lead to cognitive and behavioral impairment, highlight the importance of properly functioning adaptive immunity in the maintenance of mental activity and in coping with conditions leading to cognitive deficits. These findings point to critical factors likely to contribute to age- and AIDS-related dementias and might herald the development of a therapeutic vaccination for fighting off cognitive dysfunction and psychiatric conditions.
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Immune deficiency in mice causes cognitive impairments that are reversed by replenishment of CD4+ T cells.
“immune deficiency in mice causes cognitive impairments that are reversed by replenishment of CD4+ T cells (23–27)”
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Kipnis, J., Cohen, H., Cardon, M., Ziv, Y., & Schwartz, M.
- Affiliations
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (IL)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2004-05-12
- Volume
- 101
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 8180-8185
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC419577
- OpenAlex
- W2142820307
- Cited by
- 510
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 5.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2005-09-14)
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotoxicology and immune responses
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Keywords
- T cell deficiency, cognitive impairment, schizophrenia, therapeutic vaccination, glatiramer acetate, adaptive immunity, MK-801, amphetamine, neurotransmitter imbalance, behavioral abnormalities, age-related dementia, autoreactive T cells
- MeSH terms
- Glatiramer Acetate, Amphetamine, Animals, Cognition, Cognition Disorders, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Male, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Peptides, Schizophrenia, Reflex, Startle, T-Lymphocytes, Vaccination, Dizocilpine Maleate, Maze Learning, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Mice
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