Apolipoprotein (apo) E4 enhances amyloid β peptide production in cultured neuronal cells: ApoE structure as a potential therapeutic target
Open accessAbstract
Apolipoprotein (apo) E4 is a major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, and many studies have suggested that apoE has isoform-specific effects on the deposition or clearance of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides. We examined the effects of apoE isoforms on the processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and on Aβ production in rat neuroblastoma B103 cells stably transfected with human wild-type APP695 (B103-APP). Lipid-poor apoE4 increased Aβ production in B103-APP cells to a greater extent than lipid-poor apoE3 (60% vs. 30%) due to more pronounced stimulation of APP recycling by apoE4 than apoE3. The difference in Aβ production was abolished by preincubating the cells with the receptor-associated protein (25 nM), which blocks the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) pathway, or by reducing LRP expression by small interference RNA. The differences were also attenuated by replacing Arg-61 with threonine in apoE4 or pretreating apoE4 with small molecules, both of which abolish apoE4 intramolecular domain interaction. Thus, apoE4 appears to modulate APP processing and Aβ production through both the LRP pathway and domain interaction. These findings provide insights into why apoE4 is associated with increased risk for Alzheimer's disease and may represent a potential target for drug development.
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Altered amyloid-β processing and DNA damage have been associated with APOE4 and Alzheimer's disease.
“Altered amyloid-β processing and DNA damage have been associated with APOE4 and AD19–21.”
From APOE4 impairs myelination via cholesterol dysregulation in oligodendrocytes (2022) · cites this paper as [21]
The Discussion (p. 18703) reports that apoE4 enhances amyloid-β production more than apoE3 and relates this finding to amyloid deposition in Alzheimer’s disease. The paper does not address DNA damage, so it supports only the amyloid-β part of the claim. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Self-citationApolipoprotein E: from cardiovascular disease to neurodegenerative disorders
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Self-citationapoE isoform–specific disruption of amyloid β peptide clearance from mouse brain
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Apolipoprotein E: structure determines function, from atherosclerosis to Alzheimer's disease to AIDS
Mahley, R. W., Weisgraber, K. H., & Huang, Y. (2009) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.r800069-jlr200 · Cited by 580 · see citing works
Self-citationAmyloid-β-independent regulators of tau pathology in Alzheimer disease
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Linking Aβ and Tau in Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease: A Dual Pathway Hypothesis
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Central Nervous System Lipoproteins: ApoE and Regulation of Cholesterol Metabolism
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Self-citationXu, Q., Bernardo, A., Walker, D., Kanegawa, T., Mahley, R. W., & Huang, Y. (2006) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5476-05.2006 · Cited by 524 · see citing works
Self-citationAPOE4 impairs myelination via cholesterol dysregulation in oligodendrocytes
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“Altered amyloid-β processing and DNA damage have been associated with APOE4 and AD 19–21 .”
BackgroundApolipoprotein e sets the stage: response to injury triggers neuropathology
Mahley, R. W., & Huang, Y. (2012) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.11.020 · Cited by 412 · see citing works
Self-citationApolipoprotein E in Alzheimer's Disease: An Update
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Apolipoprotein E, Especially Apolipoprotein E4, Increases the Oligomerization of Amyloid β Peptide
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Human<i>APOE</i>Isoform-Dependent Effects on Brain β-Amyloid Levels in PDAPP Transgenic Mice
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Hypertension is a potential risk factor for vascular dementia: systematic review
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Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer’s disease: Findings, hypotheses, and potential mechanisms
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Self-citationAβ-independent roles of apolipoprotein E4 in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease
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Self-citationUnderstanding the association of apolipoprotein E4 with Alzheimer disease: clues from its structure
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Self-citationAPOE Genotype and Neuroimaging Markers of Alzheimer’s Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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The endosomal-lysosomal pathway is dysregulated by APOE4 expression in vivo
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Reversal of apoE4-driven brain pathology and behavioral deficits by bexarotene
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Why is the amyloid beta peptide of Alzheimer’s disease neurotoxic?
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Alzheimer's Disease Mechanisms and Emerging Roads to Novel Therapeutics
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Role of amyloid beta in lipid homeostasis
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Aβ42 neurotoxicity in primary co-cultures: effect of apoE isoform and Aβ conformation
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ApoE mimetic peptide decreases Aβ production in vitro and in vivo
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Apolipoprotein E ε4-related thickening of the cerebral cortex modulates selective attention
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High-density lipoprotein-related cholesterol metabolism in Alzheimer's disease
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- Authors
- Ye, S., Huang, Y., Müllendorff, K., Dong, L., Giedt, G., Meng, E. C., Cohen, F. E., Kuntz, I. D., Weisgraber, K. H., & Mahley, R. W.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Gladstone Institutes (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mahley, Robert W.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2005-12-12
- Volume
- 102
- Issue
- 51
- Pages
- 18700-18705
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC1311738
- OpenAlex
- W2137903730
- Cited by
- 275
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 8.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (P01AG022074, AG22074)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL64162, HL 37063, R01HL064162, R01HL037063)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS46465, R21NS046465)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- APOE ε4, APP processing, Alzheimer's disease risk, receptor-associated protein, low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein, APOE isoforms, therapeutic target
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Apolipoproteins E, Cholesterol, Humans, Models, Molecular, Neurons, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Protein Isoforms, LDL-Receptor Related Proteins, Cell Line, Tumor, Rats, Apolipoprotein E3, Apolipoprotein E4
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