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Working memory training improves reading processes in typically developing children.
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate whether a brief cognitive training intervention results in a specific performance increase in the trained task, and whether there are transfer effects to other nontrained measures. A computerized, adaptive working memory intervention was conducted with 9- to 11-year-old typically developing children. The children considerably improved their performance in the trained working memory task. Additionally, compared to a matched control group, the experimental group significantly enhanced their reading performance after training, providing further evidence for shared processes between working memory and reading.
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“After 10–14 sessions of training, both studies consistently showed improvements on standardized tests of reading in students between 7 and 11 years of age (Loosli et al., 2012; Karbach et al., 2014).”
From Executive control training from middle childhood to adolescence (2014) · cites this paper as Loosli et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, training effects could go beyond the trained domain and show benefits in measures considerably different from the training task, as long as they were associated with the trained process and shared comparable neural circuits (far transfer) (Jaeggi et al., 2008; Borella et al., 2010; Loosli et al., 2012; Dahlin, 2013).”
From Training on Working Memory and Inhibitory Control in Young Adults (2016) · cites this paper as Loosli et al., 2012
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Is working memory training effective? A meta-analytic review
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“…school years from reschool through university (often more so than IQ [Duckworth nd Seligman, 2005; Alloway and Alloway, 2010; Borella et al., 010; Duncan et al., 2007; Fiebach et al., 2007; Gathercole et al., 004; Loosli et al., 2012; McClelland et al., 2007; Nicholson, 2007; avage et al., 2006]).”
BackgroundMelby-Lervåg, M., Redick, T. S., & Hulme, C. (2016) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691616635612 · Cited by 983
Redick, T. S., Shipstead, Z., Harrison, T. L., Hicks, K. L., Fried, D. E., Hambrick, D. Z., Kane, M. J., & Engle, R. W. (2013) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/a0029082 · Cited by 617
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“Thus far, the effects have been limited to young adults and, more recently, to children who showed an improvement in working memory from the original training.(44) The only neural study of “far transfer” of which we are aware was conducted by Dahlin et al.”
BackgroundThe role of individual differences in cognitive training and transfer
Jaeggi, S. M., Buschkuehl, M., Shah, P., & Jonides, J. (2014) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-013-0364-z · Cited by 432
“…demonstration of a far-transfer effect as a consequence of WM training with different populations and age groups (Buschkuehl, Jaeggi, Hutchison, Perrig-Chiello, Dapp, Muller, & Perrig, 2008; Jaeggi et al., 2008; Jaeggi et al., 2011a; Jaeggi, Studer-Luethi, et al., 2010; Loosli et al., 2012).”
BackgroundSelf-citationJacob, R., & Parkinson, J. (2015) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/0034654314561338 · Cited by 538
Working memory and executive functions: effects of training on academic achievement
Titz, C., & Karbach, J. (2014) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-013-0537-1 · Cited by 388
“Consistently, WM training yielded larger training and transfer effects in low-performing individuals (Dahlin, 2011; Jaeggi et al., 2008; Karbach et al., 2013; but see Holmes & Gathercole, 2013; Loosli et al., 2012).”
A review of physical and cognitive interventions in aging
Bamidis, P. D., Vivas, A. B., Styliadis, C., Frantzidis, C., Klados, M. A., Schlee, W., Σιούντας, Α., & Papageorgiou, S. G. (2014) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.03.019 · Cited by 397
Does Working Memory Training Transfer? A Meta-Analysis Including Training Conditions as Moderators
Schwaighofer, M., Fischer, F., & Bühner, M. (2015) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.2015.1036274 · Cited by 332
Diamond, A. D., & Ling, D. S. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780199974467.003.0008 · Cited by 343
Executive control training from middle childhood to adolescence
Karbach, J., & Unger, K. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00390 · Cited by 269
“Moreover, the complex working memory tasks applied in other studies (e.g., Loosli et al., 2012; Karbach et al., 2014) included high demands on inhibitory control because participants had to inhibit the responses from the concurrent processing task in order to properly focus on the memory task: for…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialWorking memory training involves learning new skills
Gathercole, S. E., Dunning, D. L., Holmes, J., & Norris, D. (2019) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/j.jml.2018.10.003 · Cited by 225
Training attentional control and working memory – Is younger, better?
Wass, S. V., Scerif, G., & Johnson, M. H. (2012) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2012.07.001 · Cited by 265
“…M – Follow-up (time since completion of training) N – Average transfer observed across all pre–post tests administered O – Std in transfer observed across all pre–post tests administered Loosli et al. (2011) TD 9–11-y-o p 5 sessions (12 min per session) per week for 2 weeks 120 24 WM span 1 MANOVA”
MethodWorking memory training in typically developing children: A meta-analysis of the available evidence.
Sala, G., & Gobet, F. (2017) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/dev0000265 · Cited by 216
Failure of Working Memory Training to Enhance Cognition or Intelligence
Thompson, T. W., Waskom, M. L., Garel, K.-L. A., Cardenas-Iniguez, C., Reynolds, G. O., Winter, R., Chang, P., Pollard, K., Lala, N., Alvarez, G. A., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063614 · Cited by 208
“The promise of such training for enhancing the cognitive capacity of the human mind has been supported by other studies reporting WM training benefits on reading comprehension [12,52], mathematical ability [53], and ADHD symptomology [54], and some training programs have even gone so far as to show the neural changes…”
Neuronal effects following working memory training.
Buschkuehl, M., Jaeggi, S. M., & Jonides, J. (2012) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2011.10.001 · Cited by 212
Training the developing brain: a neurocognitive perspective
Jolles, D., & Crone, E. A. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00076 · Cited by 236
“Typically, the learning curve is steep at the beginning of training, but gradually becomes more flat when learning progresses (e.g., Jolles et al., 2010; Van der Molen et al., 2010; Loosli et al., 2011).”
BackgroundInfluentialOn methodological standards in training and transfer experiments
Green, C. S., Strobach, T., & Schubert, T. (2013) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-013-0535-3 · Cited by 207
Adaptive working-memory training benefits reading, but not mathematics in middle childhood
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“Finally, previous studies often did not analyze individual differences in the amount of training-related benefits (but see Dahlin, 2013; Loosli et al., 2012), even though that information seems to be of high relevance for the understanding of the mechanisms mediating training-induced performance…”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Development of Executive Function
Müller, U., & Kerns, K. A. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118963418.childpsy214 · Cited by 176
Weicker, J., Villringer, A., & Thöne-Otto, A. (2016) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/neu0000227 · Cited by 147
Few Effects of Far Transfer of Working Memory Training in ADHD: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Egeland, J., Aarlien, A. K., & Saunes, B.-K. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0075660 · Cited by 163
What’s Working in Working Memory Training? An Educational Perspective
Redick, T. S., Shipstead, Z., Wiemers, E. A., Melby-Lervåg, M., & Hulme, C. (2015) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-015-9314-6 · Cited by 132
“…memory training and another type of training (Aries et al. 2014, Experiment 1; Soderqvist et al. 2012), and no working memory transfer assessed in same sample as achievement tests assessed (Dahlin 2011, 2013; Holmes and Gathercole 2014, Experiment 2; Loosli et al. 2011; Mansur-Alves et al. 2012).”
Training working memory in kindergarten children: Effects on working memory and early numeracy
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“…on working memory is useful in enhancing working memory skills, as it has been shown that using (computerized) activities related to the processing and memorization of information is effective in improving working memory skills (Klingberg et al., 2005; Loosli et al., 2012; Thorell et al., 2009).”
ResultElliott, J., & Gibbs, S. (2012) · Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity) · doi:10.25405/ncl.34175697 · Cited by 131
Far transfer to language and math of a short software-based gaming intervention.
Goldin, A. P., Hermida, M. J., Shalom, D. E., Elias Costa, M., Lopez-Rosenfeld, M., Segretin, M. S., Fernández-Slezak, D., Lipina, S. J., & Sigman, M. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1320217111 · Cited by 131
“Instead, current evidence (7, 9, 17, 18) derives from laboratory measures related to school performance (for instance, the time it takes for a child to read a word).”
BackgroundStrobach, T., Salminen, T. M., Karbach, J., & Schubert, T. (2014) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-014-0563-7 · Cited by 138
Executive Function Buffers the Association between Early Math and Later Academic Skills
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“The role of EF, particularly working memory, in reading and vocabulary, however, is well established (e.g., Daneman and Carpenter, 1980; Alloway, 2010; Loosli et al., 2012; Karbach and Verhaeghen, 2014).”
BackgroundJohann, V. E., Könen, T., & Karbach, J. (2019) · Child Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/09297049.2019.1649381 · Cited by 143
Want to Optimize Executive Functions and Academic Outcomes? Simple, Just Nourish the Human Spirit
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Spencer, M., Richmond, M. C., & Cutting, L. E. (2019) · Scientific Studies of Reading · doi:10.1080/10888438.2019.1643868 · Cited by 124
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Working Memory Training Improves Cognitive Function in VLBW Preschoolers
Grunewaldt, K. H., Løhaugen, G. C. C., Austeng, D., Brubakk, A., & Skranes, J. S. (2013) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2012-1965 · Cited by 113
Carretti, B., Caldarola, N., Tencati, C., & Cornoldi, C. (2013) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjep.12022 · Cited by 103
Stepankova, H., Lukavsky, J., Buschkuehl, M., Kopecek, M., Ripova, D., & Jaeggi, S. M. (2014) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034913 · Cited by 101
“…2010; Jaeggi, Buschkuehl, Jonides, & Shah, 2011; Jaeggi et al., 2008, 2010b; Klingberg et al., 2005; Klingberg, Forssberg, & Westerberg, 2002; Loosli, Buschkuehl, Perrig, & Jaeggi, 2012; Richmond, Morrison, Chein, & Olson, 2011), and in some of those studies, adaptive versus nonadaptive…”
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Training on Working Memory and Inhibitory Control in Young Adults
Maraver, M. J., Bajo, M. T., & Gomez-Ariza, C. J. (2016) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00588 · Cited by 96
“…such as mathematical performance (Dahlin, 2013; Bergman-Nutley and Klingberg, 2014), reading abilities (Chein and Morrison, 2010; Dahlin, 2010; Loosli et al., 2012; Karbach et al., 2015), or reasoning and fluid intelligence (Klingberg et al., 2005; Borella et al., 2010; Jaušovec and Jaušovec,…”
BackgroundCornoldi, C., Carretti, B., Drusi, S., & Tencati, C. (2015) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjep.12083 · Cited by 97
How to build better memory training games
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“(B ) Diagram of a complex span training task (Buschkuehl et al., 2008; Loosli et al., 2012).”
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de Abreu, P. E., Abreu, N., Nikaedo, C. C., Puglisi, M. L., Neto, C. J. T. D. A., Miranda, M. ́. C., Befi‐Lopes, D. M., Bueno, O. F. A., & Martin, R. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00550 · Cited by 110
“A range of activities have now been shown to improve children’s working memory and might help children with poor academic progress overcome some of their learning difficulties (Holmes et al., 2009; Loosli et al., 2012; Alloway et al., 2013).”
BackgroundKerns, K. A., Macoun, S., MacSween, J., Pei, J., & Hutchison, M. (2017) · Applied Neuropsychology: Child · doi:10.1080/21622965.2015.1109513 · Cited by 88
Plasticity of Executive Control through Task Switching Training in Adolescents
Zinke, K., Einert, M., Pfennig, L., & Kliegel, M. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00041 · Cited by 85
Andersen, P. N., Hovik, K. T., Skogli, E. W., Egeland, J., & Øie, M. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0064842 · Cited by 82
“Recent research shows that working memory can be trained using specifically designed computer programs [51,52].”
BackgroundEnhancing reading skills through a video game mixing action mechanics and cognitive training
Pasqualotto, A., Altarelli, I., Angeli, A. D., Menestrina, Z., Bavelier, D., & Venuti, P. (2022) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-021-01254-x · Cited by 96
Kuhn, J., & Holling, H. (2014) · Advances in Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.5709/acp-0157-2 · Cited by 92
Working Memory Training is Associated with Long Term Attainments in Math and Reading
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“Two studies have investigated this thus far, both using a WM training program that was primarily tapping verbal WM (Loosli et al., 2012; Karbach et al., 2015).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialMiller, M. R., Müller, U., Giesbrecht, G. F., Carpendale, J. I. M., & Kerns, K. A. (2013) · Cognitive Development · doi:10.1016/j.cogdev.2012.10.005 · Cited by 80
Henry, L. A., Messer, D. J., & Nash, G. (2014) · Infant and Child Development · doi:10.1002/icd.1816 · Cited by 72
The development and malleability of executive control abilities
Hsu, N. S., Novick, J. M., & Jaeggi, S. M. (2014) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00221 · Cited by 78
“Additional studies have used intervention paradigms in children to improve EC abilities through training (Holmes et al., 2009; Thorell et al., 2009; Jaeggi et al., 2011; Loosli et al., 2012).”
BackgroundChristiner, M., & Reiterer, S. (2018) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci8090169 · Cited by 89
“with musical aptitude [18], but are also age related [85].”
BackgroundVideo Game Design for Learning to Learn
Pasqualotto, A., Parong, J. A., Green, C. S., & Bavelier, D. (2022) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2022.2110684 · Cited by 92
“For example, in cognitive training intervention studies, researchers have frequently assigned their participants to train for several sessions per week, each lasting about 20–60min (Jaeggi et al., 2008; Loosli et al., 2012), for a total of tens to even hundreds of sessions over weeks to months (Schmiedek et al.”
BackgroundRoberts, S. B., Franceschini, M. A., Silver, R. E., Taylor, S. F., de Sa, A. B., Có, R., Sonco, A., Krauss, A. J., Taetzsch, A., Webb, P., et al. (2020) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.m2397 · Cited by 75
Prospective memory training in older adults and its relevance for successful aging
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Working memory training in children: Effectiveness depends on temperament
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Development of Executive Functions
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“Also, unlike many other WMtraining studies in which only one training task was used (e.g., Loosli et al., 2012), our training procedure was implemented through a variety of reading comprehension tasks.”
BackgroundMethodFluctuations in elementary school children’s working memory performance in the school context.
Dirk, J., & Schmiedek, F. (2015) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/edu0000076 · Cited by 66
“Finally, drawing on previous research on the importance of WM for achievement in mathematics and reading (Friso-van den Bos et al., 2013; Hitch et al., 2001; Loosli et al., 2012) and its relationship to fluid intelligence (Giofrè et al.”
MethodZhang, Q., Wang, C., Zhao, Q., Yang, L., Buschkuehl, M., & Jaeggi, S. M. (2019) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.12748 · Cited by 61
“Children in the WM training group improved decisively in the trained task, which is in line with previous research (Karbach et al., 2015; Loosli et al., 2012).”
ResultInfluentialPoletti, M. (2016) · Journal of Learning Disabilities · doi:10.1177/0022219414555416 · Cited by 61
Young adults learning executive function skills by playing focused video games
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Barber, A. T., Cartwright, K. B., Hancock, G. R., & Klauda, S. L. (2021) · Reading Research Quarterly · doi:10.1002/rrq.385 · Cited by 73
Domain-specific and domain-general training to improve kindergarten children’s mathematics
Ramani, G. B., Jaeggi, S. M., Daubert, E. N., & Buschkuehl, M. (2017) · Journal of Numerical Cognition · doi:10.5964/jnc.v3i2.31 · Cited by 59
“The WM training game was adapted from previous research that successfully trained transfer measures in elementary-school aged children and older adults (Buschkuehl et al., 2008; Loosli et al., 2012).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialBaniqued, P. L., Allen, C. M., Kranz, M. B., Johnson, K., Sipolins, A., Dickens, C., Ward, N., Geyer, A., & Kramer, A. F. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0142169 · Cited by 64
Working memory performance is reduced in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
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“, 2009) and reading performance (Loosli et al., 2012).”
Working memory and recollection contribute to academic achievement
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“As there is some evidence for transfer effects of working memory training (Cortese et al., 2015; Jaeggi et al., 2011; Loosli et al., 2012), we assess multiple EF outcomes (working memory; inhibitory control).”
BackgroundSánchez‐Pérez, N., Castillo, A., López-López, J. A., Pina, V., Puga, J. L., Campoy, G., González-Salinas, C., & Fuentes, L. J. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02327 · Cited by 65
“Working memory training has also be shown to increase reading skills (Loosli et al., 2012; Karbach et al., 2015; Söderqvist and Bergman-Nutley, 2015) and vocabulary (Studer-Luethi et al., 2015), possibly due to the observed correlation between some reading aspects (e.g., reading comprehension and…”
BackgroundRamani, G. B., Daubert, E. N., Lin, G. C., Kamarsu, S., Wodzinski, A., & Jaeggi, S. M. (2020) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.12908 · Cited by 48
Cartwright, K. B., Bock, A. M., Clause, J. H., Coppage, E. A., Saunders, H. G., & Schmidt, K. J. (2020) · Cognitive Development · doi:10.1016/j.cogdev.2020.100932 · Cited by 50
Understanding the influence of text complexity and question type on reading outcomes
Spencer, M., Gilmour, A. F., Miller, A. C., Emerson, A. M., Saha, N. M., & Cutting, L. E. (2018) · Reading and Writing · doi:10.1007/s11145-018-9883-0 · Cited by 67
Seven Pervasive Statistical Flaws in Cognitive Training Interventions
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“Non-randommethods of group assignment are sometimes used in training studies (Spence et al., 2009; Loosli et al., 2012; Redick et al., 2013).”
BackgroundAn evaluation of the effectiveness of a computer‐assisted reading intervention
Messer, D. J., & Nash, G. (2017) · Journal of Research in Reading · doi:10.1111/1467-9817.12107 · Cited by 45
How malleable are cognitive abilities? A critical perspective on popular brief interventions.
Moreau, D. (2021) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/amp0000872 · Cited by 48
Developing Self‐Directed Executive Functioning: Recent Findings and Future Directions
Barker, J. E., & Munakata, Y. (2015) · Mind Brain and Education · doi:10.1111/mbe.12071 · Cited by 49
Zhang, H., Chang, L., Chen, X., Ma, L., & Zhou, R. (2018) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00154 · Cited by 53
“…initially engage similar processes and that brain circuits predict overlapping activity before training (Dahlin et al., 2008), a possible explanation for the outcome observed by Loosli et al. (2011) is that updating ability might be more closely related to mathematical ability than reading ability.”
BackgroundResultCardoso, C. D. O., Seabra, A. G., Gomes, C. M. A., & Fonseca, R. P. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01784 · Cited by 58
Cardoso, C. D. O., Dias, N. M., Senger, J. E., Colling, A. P. C., Seabra, A. G., & Fonseca, R. P. (2016) · Applied Neuropsychology Child · doi:10.1080/21622965.2016.1241950 · Cited by 46
“Although some studies in the literature demonstrate that WM training improve fluid intelligence (Colom et al., 2010; Jaeggi et al., 2008; Klingberg et al., 2002), the studies of this review did not obtain the same result (Jaeggi et al., 2011; Loosli et al., 2012; Mansur-Alves et al., 2013).”
BackgroundResultAndersen, P. N., Skogli, E. W., Hovik, K. T., Geurts, H. M., Egeland, J., & Øie, M. G. (2014) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361314524844 · Cited by 38
“Recent research shows that WM can be trained using specifically designed computer programs (Hovik et al., 2013; Loosli et al., 2011; Prins et al., 2011).”
BackgroundZurnacı, B., & Turan, Z. (2024) · Thinking Skills and Creativity · doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2024.101576 · Cited by 49
Narrowing the achievement gap in low-achieving children by targeted executive function training
Wang, C., Jaeggi, S. M., Yang, L., Zhang, T., He, X., Buschkuehl, M., & Zhang, Q. (2019) · Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2019.06.002 · Cited by 43
Training of Executive Functions in Children: A meta-analysis of cognitive training interventions
Birtwistle, E., Chernikova, O., Wünsch, M., & Niklas, F. (2025) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440241311060 · Cited by 54
Lau, W. C., Song, H., Song, D., Wang, J., Zhen, S., Shi, L., & Yu, R. (2023) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.14013 · Cited by 35
Laatar, R., Kachouri, H., Borji, R., Rebai, H., & Sahli, S. (2017) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2017.09.004 · Cited by 34
“It has been asserted that cognitive training induced not only trained tasks improvement but also a transfer to unrelated tasks and everyday functions such as reading (Chein and Morrison, 2010; Loosli et al., 2012) and driving (Edwards et al.”
BackgroundWorking Memory Predicts New Word Learning Over and Above Existing Vocabulary and Nonverbal IQ
Gray, S. I., Levy, R., Alt, M., Hogan, T. P., & Cowan, N. (2022) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2021_jslhr-21-00397 · Cited by 42
Kızılaslan, A., & TUNAGÜR, M. (2021) · Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi · doi:10.24106/kefdergi.741028 · Cited by 37
Effects of task repetition but no transfer of inhibitory control training in healthy adults
Talanow, T., & Ettinger, U. (2018) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2018.04.016 · Cited by 36
My Command, My Act: Observation Inflation in Face-To-Face Interactions
Pfister, R., Schwarz, K. A., Wirth, R., & Lindner, I. (2017) · Advances in Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.5709/acp-0217-7 · Cited by 33
(2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316718537 · Cited by 43
Jasińska, K. K., Molfese, P. J., Kornilov, S. A., Mencl, W. E., Frost, S. J., Lee, M., Pugh, K. R., Grigorenko, E. L., & Landi, N. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0157449 · Cited by 31
“This conclusion is also consistent with findings that training on working memory tasks has positive transfer effects in reading comprehension [129, 130].”
ResultCan verbal working memory training improve reading?
Banales, E., Kohnen, S., & McArthur, G. M. (2015) · Cognitive Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/02643294.2015.1014331 · Cited by 30
“Previous studies have shown an improvement in reading fluency and reading accuracy following visuospatial working memory training (Dahlin, 2011; Horowitz-Kraus & Breznitz, 2009; Loosli et al., 2012; Shiran & Breznitz, 2011) and in reading comprehension following a combination of visuospatial and verbal memory training…”
Sleep augments training-induced improvement in working memory in children and adults
Zinke, K., Noack, H., & Jan Born, A. (2017) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2017.11.009 · Cited by 33
Most evidence for the compensation account of cognitive training is unreliable
Smoleń, T., Jastrzębski, J., Estrada, E., & Chuderski, A. (2018) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-018-0839-z · Cited by 33
Cartwright, K. B., & Palian, S. R. (2024) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.2024.2418392 · Cited by 33
Metadata
- Authors
- Loosli, S. V., Buschkuehl, M., Perrig, W. J., & Jaeggi, S. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Bern (CH)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jaeggi, Susanne M.
- Venue
- Child Neuropsychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2011-05-26
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 62-78
- ISSN
- 0929-7049 (ISSN-L)
- 1744-4136
- OpenAlex
- W2128397957
- Cited by
- 365
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 57 · 2019: 53 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 22.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Child Neuropsychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Bern Open Repository and Information System (University of Bern) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- working memory training, cognitive training, reading achievement, typically developing children, transfer effects
- MeSH terms
- Child, Child Development, Cognition, Educational Status, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Reading, Transfer, Psychology
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