The Role of N 2 as a Geo-Biosignature for the Detection and Characterization of Earth-like Habitats

Lammer, Helmut; Sproß, Laurenz; Grenfell, John Lee; Scherf, Manuel; Fossati, Luca; Lendl, Monika; Cubillos, Patricio E.

doi:10.1089/ast.2018.1914

Cited by 67Space Science and Extraterrestrial LifeEarth Systems and Cosmic EvolutionAstro and Planetary Science

The Role of N 2 as a Geo-Biosignature for the Detection and Characterization of Earth-like Habitats

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Lammer, Helmut, Sproß, Laurenz, Grenfell, John Lee, Scherf, Manuel, Fossati, Luca, Lendl, Monika, Cubillos, Patricio E.·2019·Astrobiology

DOI 10.1089/ast.2018.1914

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Abstract

Since the Archean, N2 has been a major atmospheric constituent in Earth's atmosphere. Nitrogen is an essential element in the building blocks of life; therefore, the geobiological nitrogen cycle is a fundamental factor in the long-term evolution of both Earth and Earth-like exoplanets. We discuss the development of Earth's N2 atmosphere since the planet's formation and its relation with the geobiological cycle. Then we suggest atmospheric evolution scenarios and their possible interaction with life-forms: first for a stagnant-lid anoxic world, second for a tectonically active anoxic world, and third for an oxidized tectonically active world. Furthermore, we discuss a possible demise of present Earth's biosphere and its effects on the atmosphere. Since life-forms are the most efficient means for recycling deposited nitrogen back into the atmosphere at present, they sustain its surface partial pressure at high levels. Also, the simultaneous presence of significant N2 and O2 is chemically incompatible in an atmosphere over geological timescales. Thus, we argue that an N2-dominated atmosphere in combination with O2 on Earth-like planets within circumstellar habitable zones can be considered as a geo-biosignature. Terrestrial planets with such atmospheres will have an operating tectonic regime connected with an aerobic biosphere, whereas other scenarios in most cases end up with a CO2-dominated atmosphere. We conclude with implications for the search for life on Earth-like exoplanets inside the habitable zones of M to K stars.

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Terrestrial planet atmospheres
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Laflèche, É. A., Schwieterman, E. W., & Olson, S. L. (2022) · Goldschmidt Abstracts · doi:10.46427/gold2022.12252

Authors: Lammer, H., Sproß, L., Grenfell, J. L., Scherf, M., Fossati, L., Lendl, M., & Cubillos, P. E.
Affiliations: Austrian Academy of Sciences (AT)
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR) (DE)
Corresponding author: Lammer, Helmut
ORCID: Lammer, Helmut
Grenfell, John Lee
Scherf, Manuel
Fossati, Luca
Lendl, Monika
Cubillos, Patricio E.
Venue: Astrobiology
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2019-07
Volume: 19
Issue: 7
Pages: 927-950
ISSN: 1531-1074 (ISSN-L)
1557-8070
DOI: 10.1089/ast.2018.1914
OpenAlex: W2941701677
Cited by: 67
References: 245
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 5
FWCI: 4.83
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
arxiv.org
Licence: www.liebertpub.com/nv/resources-tools/text-and-data-mining-policy/121/ (tdm)
Locations: Astrobiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
elib (German Aerospace Center) (acceptedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Earth Systems and Cosmic Evolution
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astro and Planetary Science
Keywords: nitrogen, atmospheric evolution, Earth-like exoplanets, habitable zone, stagnant lid, tectonic regime, anoxic atmosphere, nitrogen recycling, exoplanet biosignatures
MeSH terms: Environmental Biomarkers, Atmosphere, Climate, Extraterrestrial Environment, Geology, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Planets, Ecosystem, Exobiology, Evolution, Planetary, Nitrogen Cycle

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The Role of N 2 as a Geo-Biosignature for the Detection and Characterization of Earth-like Habitats

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