Mechanisms of visual attention in the human cortex
Abstract
A typical scene contains many different objects that, because of the limited processing capacity of the visual system, compete for neural representation. The competition among multiple objects in visual cortex can be biased by both bottom-up sensory-driven mechanisms and top-down influences, such as selective attention. Functional brain imaging studies reveal that, both in the absence and in the presence of visual stimulation, biasing signals due to selective attention can modulate neural activity in visual cortex in several ways. Although the competition among stimuli for representation is ultimately resolved within visual cortex, the source of top-down biasing signals derives from a network of areas in frontal and parietal cortex.
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Higher order cognitive control has been shown to influence sensory processing.
“Sensory processing may be associated with executive function because sensory processing has been shown to be influenced by higher order cognitive control [21, 22].”
From Sensory processing in preterm preschoolers and its association with executive function (2015) · cites this paper as [22]
Inhibition has been theorized to be an important component in sensory processing.
“The Gift Wrap task measures the executive function domain of inhibition, which has been theorized to be an important component in sensory processing [22].”
From Sensory processing in preterm preschoolers and its association with executive function (2015) · cites this paper as [22]
Working memory influences visual selective attention and exerts top-down control on neural activity in the visual cortex.
“For example, working memory has been demonstrated to influence visual selective attention [32] and to exert top-down control on neural activity in the visual cortex [22].”
From Sensory processing in preterm preschoolers and its association with executive function (2015) · cites this paper as [22]
Executive function can exert top-down control over sensory processing and influence which sensory stimuli gain conscious awareness.
“It is likely that executive function can also exert top-down control over sensory processing and influence which sensory stimuli gain conscious awareness [21, 22].”
From Sensory processing in preterm preschoolers and its association with executive function (2015) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Ungerleider, S. K. A. L. G.
- Affiliations
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892;,
- Venue
- Annual Review of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2000-03
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 315-341
- ISSN
- 0147-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4126
- OpenAlex
- W2164364459
- Cited by
- 2,159
- References
- 184
- Citations by year
- 2026: 46 · 2025: 74 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 72 · 2021: 81 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 80 · 2018: 89 · 2017: 93 · 2016: 97 · 2015: 110 · 2014: 109 · 2013: 113 · 2012: 120
- FWCI
- 3.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- visual attention, selective attention, top-down modulation, bottom-up processing, visual cortex, neural competition, frontal cortex, parietal cortex, object representation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Attention, Humans, Memory, Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Visual Perception
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