Severe multisensory speech integration deficits in high-functioning school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their resolution during early adolescence
Open accessAbstract
Under noisy listening conditions, visualizing a speaker's articulations substantially improves speech intelligibility. This multisensory speech integration ability is crucial to effective communication, and the appropriate development of this capacity greatly impacts a child's ability to successfully navigate educational and social settings. Research shows that multisensory integration abilities continue developing late into childhood. The primary aim here was to track the development of these abilities in children with autism, since multisensory deficits are increasingly recognized as a component of the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) phenotype. The abilities of high-functioning ASD children (n = 84) to integrate seen and heard speech were assessed cross-sectionally, while environmental noise levels were systematically manipulated, comparing them with age-matched neurotypical children (n = 142). Severe integration deficits were uncovered in ASD, which were increasingly pronounced as background noise increased. These deficits were evident in school-aged ASD children (5-12 year olds), but were fully ameliorated in ASD children entering adolescence (13-15 year olds). The severity of multisensory deficits uncovered has important implications for educators and clinicians working in ASD. We consider the observation that the multisensory speech system recovers substantially in adolescence as an indication that it is likely amenable to intervention during earlier childhood, with potentially profound implications for the development of social communication abilities in ASD children.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Deficits in multisensory integration are observed between ASD and TD children even when unisensory performance is unimpaired.
“deficits in multisensory integration are noted between children with ASD and their typically developing (TD) peers even when unisensory performance is unimpaired (Foxe et al., 2013; Stevenson et al., 2014c; Stevenson et al., 2014d, e)”
From Behavioral, Perceptual, and Neural Alterations in Sensory and Multisensory Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Foxe et al., 2013
Children with ASD do not benefit as much as TD children from seeing the additional visual information provided by a speaker's face while performing a speech-in-noise task.
“children with ASD do not benefit as much as children with TD from seeing the additional visual information provided by a speaker's face while performing a speech-in-noise task (Foxe et al., 2013)”
From Behavioral, Perceptual, and Neural Alterations in Sensory and Multisensory Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Foxe et al., 2013
Some studies show little unisensory change despite substantial multisensory changes in autism spectrum disorder, while others show complex and difficult-to-interpret differences.
“Although some of these studies have shown little change in unisensory function despite substantial changes in multisensory performance (Foxe et al., 2013; Stevenson et al., 2014c; Stevenson et al., 2014d, e), others have illustrated a complex pattern of differences that are ultimately difficult to interpret (Brandwein et al., 2012; Kwakye et al., 2011; Russo et al., 2010).”
From Behavioral, Perceptual, and Neural Alterations in Sensory and Multisensory Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Foxe et al., 2013
There is evidence of impaired lip-reading ability in ASD.
“There is also evidence of impaired lip-reading ability in ASD (Foxe et al., 2015)”
From The impact of atypical sensory processing on social impairments in autism spectrum disorder (2018) · cites this paper as Foxe et al., 2015
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Lord, C., Rutter, M., & Le Couteur, A. (1994) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf02172145 · Cited by 9,065 · see citing works
(1967) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 7,532 · see citing works
Lord, C., Risi, S., Lambrecht, L., Cook, E. H., Leventhal, B. L., DiLavore, P. C., Pickles, A., & Rutter, M. (2000) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1023/a:1005592401947 · Cited by 7,520 · see citing works
Power, J. D., Barnes, K. A., Snyder, A. Z., Schlaggar, B. L., & Petersen, S. E. (2012) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.10.018 · Cited by 7,429 · see citing works
Hearing lips and seeing voices
MCGURK, H., & MACDONALD, J. (1976) · Nature · doi:10.1038/264746a0 · Cited by 6,183 · see citing works
Visual Contribution to Speech Intelligibility in Noise
Sumby, W. H., & Pollack, I. (1954) · The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · doi:10.1121/1.1907309 · Cited by 2,583 · see citing works
The MRC Psycholinguistic Database
Coltheart, M. (1981) · The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A · doi:10.1080/14640748108400805 · Cited by 2,484 · see citing works
The influence of head motion on intrinsic functional connectivity MRI
Van Dijk, K. R. A., Sabuncu, M. R., & Buckner, R. L. (2012) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.07.044 · Cited by 2,344 · see citing works
Just, M. A. (2004) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh199 · Cited by 1,589 · see citing works
Shams, L., Kamitani, Y., & Shimojo, S. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35048669 · Cited by 1,262 · see citing works
Identification of a pathway for intelligible speech in the left temporal lobe
Scott, S. K. (2000) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/123.12.2400 · Cited by 1,143 · see citing works
Sensory Processing in Autism: A Review of Neurophysiologic Findings
MARCO, E. J., HINKLEY, L. B. N., HILL, S. S., & NAGARAJAN, S. S. (2011) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1203/pdr.0b013e3182130c54 · Cited by 1,112 · see citing works
Just, M. A., Cherkassky, V. L., Keller, T. A., Kana, R. K., & Minshew, N. J. (2007) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhl006 · Cited by 1,081 · see citing works
Molholm, S., Ritter, W., Murray, M. M., Javitt, D., Schroeder, C., & Foxe, J. J. (2002) · Brain research. Cognitive brain research · doi:10.1016/s0926-6410(02)00066-6 · Cited by 980 · see citing works
Self-citationCourchesne, E., & Pierce, K. (2005) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2005.03.001 · Cited by 968 · see citing works
Calvert, G. A., Campbell, R., & Brammer, M. J. (2000) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(00)00513-3 · Cited by 954 · see citing works
Two-year-olds with autism orient to non-social contingencies rather than biological motion
Klin, A., Lin, D. J., Gorrindo, P., Ramsay, G., & Jones, W. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07868 · Cited by 921 · see citing works
Anatomical evidence of multimodal integration in primate striate cortex
Falchier, A., Clavagnier, S., Barone, P., & Kennedy, H. (2002) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-13-05749.2002 · Cited by 892 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…and anatomical studies in nonhuman primates has shown a high degree of direct connectivity between early auditory and visual sensory regions (Falchier et al. 2002, 2010; Molholm et al. 2002; Foxe and Schroeder 2005; Schroeder and Foxe 2005; Smiley and Falchier 2009), and one could certainly…”
BackgroundDeterminants of multisensory integration in superior colliculus neurons. I. Temporal factors
Meredith, M. A., Nemitz, J. W., & Stein, B. (1987) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.07-10-03215.1987 · Cited by 763 · see citing works
Visual illusion induced by sound
Shams, L., Kamitani, Y., & Shimojo, S. (2002) · Cognitive Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0926-6410(02)00069-1 · Cited by 668 · see citing works
Ross, L. A., Saint‐Amour, D., Leavitt, V. M., Javitt, D. C., & Foxe, J. J. (2006) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhl024 · Cited by 650 · see citing works
Self-citationVisual recognition of biological motion is impaired in children with autism
Blake, R., Turner, L. M., Smoski, M. J., Pozdol, S. L., & Stone, W. L. (2003) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-9280.01434 · Cited by 571 · see citing works
Young Children Do Not Integrate Visual and Haptic Form Information
Gori, M., Del Viva, M., Sandini, G., & Burr, D. C. (2008) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.036 · Cited by 547 · see citing works
Multisensory contributions to low-level, ‘unisensory’ processing
Schroeder, C. E., & Foxe, J. J. (2005) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2005.06.008 · Cited by 506 · see citing works
Self-citation1 Normal growth and techniques of growth assessment
Tanner, J. M. (1986) · Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0300-595x(86)80005-6 · Cited by 497 · see citing works
Müller, R., Shih, P., Keehn, B., Deyoe, J. R., Leyden, K. M., & Shukla, D. K. (2011) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhq296 · Cited by 450 · see citing works
Decreased interhemispheric functional connectivity in autism
Anderson, J. S., Druzgal, T. J., Froehlich, A., DuBray, M. B., Lange, N., Alexander, A. L., Abildskov, T., Nielsen, J. A., Cariello, A. N., Cooperrider, J. R., et al. (2011) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhq190 · Cited by 438 · see citing works
Perception and Production of Prosody by Speakers with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Paul, R., Augustyn, A., Klin, A. J., & Volkmar, F. R. (2005) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-004-1999-1 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
An extended multisensory temporal binding window in autism spectrum disorders
Foss-Feig, J. H., Kwakye, L. D., Cascio, C. J., Burnette, C. P., Kadivar, H., Stone, W. L., & Wallace, M. T. (2010) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-010-2240-4 · Cited by 411 · see citing works
Vissers, M. E., Cohen, M. X., & Geurts, H. M. (2011) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.09.003 · Cited by 395 · see citing works
Sensory integration and the perceptual experience of persons with autism
Iarocci, G., & McDonald, J. (2006) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-005-0044-3 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Development of white matter and reading skills
Yeatman, J. D., Dougherty, R. F., Ben‐Shachar, M., & Wandell, B. A. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1206792109 · Cited by 371 · see citing works
Interaction of Audition and Vision in the Recognition of Oral Speech Stimuli
Erber, N. P. (1969) · Journal of Speech and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/jshr.1202.423 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Speech‐in‐noise perception in high‐functioning individuals with autism or Asperger's syndrome
Alcántara, J. I., Weisblatt, E. J. L., Moore, B. C. J., & Bolton, P. (2004) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.t01-1-00303.x · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Review of neuroimaging in autism spectrum disorders: what have we learned and where we go from here
Anagnostou, E., & Taylor, M. J. (2011) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/2040-2392-2-4 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
The case for feedforward multisensory convergence during early cortical processing
Foxe, J. J., & Schroeder, C. E. (2005) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-200504040-00001 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Self-citationAltered auditory and multisensory temporal processing in autism spectrum disorders
Kwakye, L. D., Foss-Feig, J. H., Cascio, C. J., Stone, W. L., & Wallace, M. T. (2011) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2010.00129 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Emotion Recognition in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Kuusikko, S., Haapsamo, H., Jansson-Verkasalo, E. M., Hurtig, T. M., Mattila, M., Ebeling, H. E., Jussila, K. K., Bölte, S., & Moilanen, I. K. (2009) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-009-0700-0 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Diffusion tensor imaging of white matter in the superior temporal gyrus and temporal stem in autism
Lee, J. E., Bigler, E. D., Alexander, A. L., Lazar, M., DuBray, M. B., Chung, M. K., Johnson, M., Morgan, J., Miller, J. N., McMahon, W. M., et al. (2007) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2007.07.042 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Brandwein, A. B., Foxe, J. J., Butler, J. S., Russo, N. N., Altschuler, T. S., Gomes, H., & Molholm, S. (2013) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhs109 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Self-citationFace recognition and lip-reading in autism
Gelder, B. D., Vroomen, J., & van der Heide, L. (1991) · European Journal of Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1080/09541449108406220 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Shukla, D. K., Keehn, B., & Müller, R. (2011) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02342.x · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Molholm, S., Sehatpour, P., Mehta, A. D., Shpaner, M., Gomez‐Ramirez, M., Ortigue, S., Dyke, J. P., Schwartz, T. H., & Foxe, J. J. (2006) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00285.2006 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Self-citationHubert, B., Wicker, B., Moore, D. G., Monfardini, E., Duverger, H., Fonséca, D. D., & Deruelle, C. (2007) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-006-0275-y · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Audiovisual speech integration and lipreading in autism
Smith, E. G., & Bennetto, L. (2007) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01766.x · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Microstructural connectivity of the arcuate fasciculus in adolescents with high-functioning autism
Fletcher, P. T., Whitaker, R., Tao, R., DuBray, M. B., Froehlich, A. L., Ravichandran, C. T., Alexander, A. L., Bigler, E. D., LANGE, N. D., & Lainhart, J. E. (2010) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.01.083 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Rudie, J. D., Shehzad, Z. E., Hernandez, L. M., Colich, N. L., Bookheimer, S. Y., Iacoboni, M., & Dapretto, M. (2011) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhr171 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Bebko, J. M., Weiss, J. A., Demark, J. L., & Gomez, P. (2006) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01443.x · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Ma, W. J., Zhou, X., Ross, L. A., Foxe, J. J., & Parra, L. C. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0004638 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Self-citationRoss, L. A., Saint‐Amour, D., Leavitt, V. M., Molholm, S., Javitt, D. C., & Foxe, J. J. (2007) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.08.008 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Self-citationRusso, N., Foxe, J. J., Brandwein, A. B., Altschuler, T., Gomes, H., & Molholm, S. (2010) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.152 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Self-citationBrandwein, A. B., Foxe, J. J., Russo, N. N., Altschuler, T. S., Gomes, H., & Molholm, S. (2010) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhq170 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Self-citationBinding of sights and sounds: Age-related changes in multisensory temporal processing
Hillock‐Dunn, A., Powers, A. R., & Wallace, M. T. (2010) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.11.041 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Audiovisual processing in children with and without autism spectrum disorders
Mongillo, E. A., Irwin, J. R., Whalen, D. H., Klaiman, C., Carter, A. S., & Schultz, R. T. (2008) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-007-0521-y · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Development of Visuo-Auditory Integration in Space and Time
Gori, M., Sandini, G., & Burr, D. C. (2012) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2012.00077 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Recognizing Biological Motion and Emotions from Point-Light Displays in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Nackaerts, E., Wagemans, J., Helsen, W., Swinnen, S. P., Wenderoth, N., & Alaerts, K. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044473 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Visual–auditory integration during speech imitation in autism
Williams, J. H. G., Massaro, D. W., Peel, N. J., Bosseler, A. N., & Suddendorf, T. (2004) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2004.01.008 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
The development of multisensory speech perception continues into the late childhood years
Ross, L. A., Molholm, S., Blanco, D., Gomez‐Ramirez, M., Saint‐Amour, D., & Foxe, J. J. (2011) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07685.x · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Self-citationNeurophysiological evidence for cortical discrimination impairment of prosody in Asperger syndrome
Kujala, T., Lepistö, T., Wendt, T. N., Näätänen, P., & Näätänen, R. (2005) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2005.04.048 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Saint‐Amour, D., Sanctis, P. D., Molholm, S., Ritter, W., & Foxe, J. J. (2006) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.03.036 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Self-citationAuditory Processing in High-Functioning Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder
DePape, A.-M. R., Hall, G. B. C., Tillmann, B., & Trainor, L. J. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044084 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Effects of Background Noise on Cortical Encoding of Speech in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Russo‐Ponsaran, N. M., Zecker, S. G., Trommer, B. L., Chen, J., & Kraus, N. (2009) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-009-0737-0 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Recognition of biological motion in children with autistic spectrum disorders
Parron, C., Fonséca, D. D., Santos, A., Moore, D. G., Monfardini, E., & Deruelle, C. (2008) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361307089520 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Projection from Visual Areas V2 and Prostriata to Caudal Auditory Cortex in the Monkey
Falchier, A., Schroeder, C. E., Hackett, T. A., Lakatos, P., Nascimento‐Silva, S., Ulbert, I., Karmos, G., & Smiley, J. F. (2009) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhp213 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Saygın, A. P., Cook, J. L., & Blakemore, S. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013491 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Can children with autism spectrum disorders “hear” a speaking face?
Irwin, J. R., Tornatore, L. A., Brancazio, L., & Whalen, D. H. (2011) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01619.x · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Speech and Non-Speech Audio-Visual Illusions: A Developmental Study
Tremblay, C., Champoux, F., Voss, P., Bacon, B. A., Leporé, F., & Théoret, H. (2007) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000742 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Tunnel Vision: Sharper Gradient of Spatial Attention in Autism
Robertson, C. E., Kravitz, D. J., Freyberg, J., Baron‐Cohen, S., & Baker, C. I. (2013) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5120-12.2013 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
IQ Predicts Biological Motion Perception in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Rutherford, M. D., & Troje, N. F. (2011) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-011-1267-0 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Taylor, N., Isaac, C. L., & Milne, E. (2010) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-010-1000-4 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Discrete neural substrates underlie complementary audiovisual speech integration processes
Stevenson, R. A., VanDerKlok, R. M., Pisoni, D. B., & James, T. W. (2010) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.12.063 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Jones, C. R. G., Swettenham, J., Charman, T., Marsden, A. J. S., Tregay, J., Baird, G., Simonoff, E. A., & Happe, F. G. E. (2011) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.209 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
What's color got to do with it? The influence of color on visual attention in different categories
Frey, H. P., Honey, C., & Konig, P. (2008) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/8.14.6 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Self-citationvan der Smagt, M. J., van Engeland, H., & Kemner, C. (2007) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-006-0346-0 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Visual influences on speech perception in children with autism
Iarocci, G., Rombough, A., Yager, J., Weeks, D. J., & Chua, R. (2010) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361309353615 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Reduced sensitivity to minimum-jerk biological motion in autism spectrum conditions
Cook, J. L., Saygın, A. P., Swain, R., & Blakemore, S. (2009) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.07.010 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Multisensory connections of monkey auditory cerebral cortex
Smiley, J. F., & Falchier, A. (2009) · Hearing Research · doi:10.1016/j.heares.2009.06.019 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Kikuchi, Y., Senju, A., Akechi, H., Tojo, Y., Osanai, H., & Hasegawa, T. (2010) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-010-1082-z · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Audiovisual integration in high functioning adults with autism
Keane, B. P., Rosenthal, O., Chun, N. H., & Shams, L. B. (2009) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2009.09.015 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Frey, H., Molholm, S., Lalor, E. C., Russo, N. N., & Foxe, J. J. (2013) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.12243 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationSenkowski, D., Saint‐Amour, D., Gruber, T., & Foxe, J. J. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.06.046 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationAudiovisual Speech Perception and Eye Gaze Behavior of Adults with Asperger Syndrome
Saalasti, S., Kätsyri, J., Tiippana, K. M., Laine‐Hernandez, M., von Wendt, L., & Sams, M. E. (2011) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-011-1400-0 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Ten Years at the Multisensory Forum: Musings on the Evolution of a Field
Foxe, J. J., & Molholm, S. (2009) · Brain Topography · doi:10.1007/s10548-009-0102-9 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationFiebelkorn, I. C., Foxe, J. J., McCourt, M. E., Dumas, K., & Molholm, S. (2012) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2012.04.007 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationEmotional Voice and Emotional Body Postures Influence Each Other Independently of Visual Awareness
Stienen, B. M. C., Tanaka, A., & de Gelder, B. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0025517 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Neuromagnetic oscillations to emotional faces and prosody
Chen, Y., Edgar, J. C., Holroyd, T., Dammers, J., Thönneßen, H., Roberts, T. P. L., & Mathiak, K. (2010) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07203.x · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Measuring gaze of children with autism spectrum disorders in naturalistic interactions
Noris, B., Barker, M., Nadel, J., Hentsch, F., Ansermet, F., & Billard, A. (2011) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6091325 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Tanner JM. 1986. Normal growth and techniques of growth assess- ment. Clin Endocrinol Metab. 15(3):411-451.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Robertson, C. E., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2017) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.112 · Cited by 1,157 · see citing works
From the genetic architecture to synaptic plasticity in autism spectrum disorder
Bourgeron, T. (2015) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3992 · Cited by 975 · see citing works
The impact of atypical sensory processing on social impairments in autism spectrum disorder
Thye, M. D., Bednarz, H. M., Herringshaw, A. J., Sartin, E. B., & Kana, R. K. (2018) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2017.04.010 · Cited by 513 · see citing works
“There is also evidence of impaired lip-reading ability in ASD (Foxe et al., 2015), which depends on proper detection and integration of congruent audio-visual speech information (Dodd, 1979).”
Multisensory temporal integration in autism spectrum disorders
Stevenson, R. A., Siemann, J. K., Schneider, B. C., Eberly, H. E., Woynaroski, T. G., Camarata, S. M., & Wallace, M. T. (2014) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3615-13.2014 · Cited by 482 · see citing works
Baum, S. H., Stevenson, R. A., & Wallace, M. T. (2015) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.09.007 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Brandwein, A. B., Foxe, J. J., Butler, J. S., Frey, H.-P., Bates, J. C., Shulman, L. H., & Molholm, S. (2015) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-014-2212-9 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Self-citationA computational perspective on autism
Rosenberg, A., Patterson, J. S., & Angelaki, D. E. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1510583112 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
How prior expectations shape multisensory perception
Gau, R., & Noppeney, U. (2016) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.09.045 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Zaidel, A., Goin-Kochel, R. P., & Angelaki, D. E. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1506582112 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Approaches to Understanding Multisensory Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Siemann, J. K., Veenstra‐VanderWeele, J., & Wallace, M. T. (2020) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2375 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
“Also, studies, utilizing various psychophysical behavioral measures, have determined that the development of multisensory integration might be delayed in these individuals [Beker et al., 2018; Brandwein et al., 2012; Foxe et al., 2015; Stevenson, Siemann, et al., 2013; Taylor et al., 2010], along with evidence of sex-…”
BackgroundResultStewart, C. R., Sanchez, S. S., Grenesko, E. L., Brown, C. M., Chen, C. P., Keehn, B., Velasquez, F., Lincoln, A. J., & Müller, R.-A. (2016) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-015-2367-z · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Schelinski, S., Riedel, P., & von Kriegstein, K. (2014) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.09.031 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Beker, S., Foxe, J. J., & Molholm, S. (2021) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00329.2021 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationTemporal synchrony and audiovisual integration of speech and object stimuli in autism
Smith, E., Zhang, S., & Bennetto, L. (2017) · Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2017.04.001 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Auditory Deficits in Audiovisual Speech Perception in Adult Asperger’s Syndrome: fMRI Study
Tietze, F.-A., Hundertmark, L., Roy, M., Zerr, M., Sinke, C., Wiswede, D., Walter, M., Münte, T. F., & Szycik, G. R. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02286 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Borgolte, A., Roy, M., Sinke, C., Wiswede, D., Stephan, M., Bleich, S., Münte, T. F., & Szycik, G. R. (2021) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108022 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
- Authors
- Foxe, J. J., Molholm, S., Del Bene, V. A., Frey, H.-P., Russo, N. N., Blanco, D., Saint-Amour, D., & Ross, L. A.
- Affiliations
- City College of New York (US)
- Syracuse University (US)
- Adelphi University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Foxe, John J.
- Venue
- Cerebral Cortex
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2013-08-28
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 298-312
- ISSN
- 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2199
- PMC
- PMC4303800
- OpenAlex
- W2132545092
- Cited by
- 263
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 23.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01mh085322-05, HD071593)
- Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center (P30 HD071593)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH 085322)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD071593)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NIH P30 HD071593, P30HD071593)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Multisensory perception and integration
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, high-functioning children, visual speech perception, background noise, adolescence, developmental changes, social communication, speech intelligibility, neurotypical comparison
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Adolescent, Child, Child Development, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Eye Movements, Humans, Intelligence, Motion Perception, Noise, Photic Stimulation, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Speech Perception, Pattern Recognition, Physiological
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
