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The Efficacy of an Internet-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Intervention for Child Anxiety Disorders
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of an Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) approach to the treatment of child anxiety disorders. METHODS: Seventy-three children with anxiety disorders, aged 7-12 years, and their parents were randomly assigned to either an Internet-based CBT (NET) or wait-list (WL) condition. Clinical diagnostic assessment and parent and child questionnaires were completed before and after treatment. The NET condition was reassessed at 6-month follow-up. RESULTS: At posttreatment assessment, children in the NET condition showed small but significantly greater reductions in anxiety symptoms and increases in functioning than WL participants. These improvements were enhanced during the 6-month follow-up period, with 75% of NET children free of their primary diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Internet delivery of CBT for child anxiety offers promise as a way of increasing access to treatment for this population. Future research is needed to examine ways to increase treatment compliance and further enhance the impact of treatment.
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“Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) for child and adolescent anxiety has demonstrated efficacy in randomized controlled trials”
From Large-scale dissemination of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for youth anxiety: Feasibility and acceptability study (2018) · cites this paper as [10]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The demonstrated effect sizes for reductions in anxiety from the baseline to Session 9 in this study (Cohen d=0.83-1.01) are similar to the effect sizes observed in previous RCTs (Cohen d=0.91-1.23 for the full Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale) [10,11].”
From Large-scale dissemination of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for youth anxiety: Feasibility and acceptability study (2018) · cites this paper as [10]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
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“Thus, the sample was somewhat less severe than those examined in previous RCTs of iCBT for child anxiety [10,11].”
From Large-scale dissemination of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for youth anxiety: Feasibility and acceptability study (2018) · cites this paper as [10]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
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“our previous research has demonstrated high consumer acceptability and satisfaction [10,11].”
From Large-scale dissemination of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for youth anxiety: Feasibility and acceptability study (2018) · cites this paper as [10]
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“Interestingly, satisfaction reported by users of this self-help version of the program was highly similar and in some cases, higher than that reported by youth participating in the therapist-assisted version of the program in our previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs; child program, mean satisfaction rating 3.6/5) [10] (adolescent program, mean satisfaction rating 3.53/5) [11].”
From Large-scale dissemination of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for youth anxiety: Feasibility and acceptability study (2018) · cites this paper as [10]
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“However, there was a slightly higher proportion of females (61%) in this study than in previous trials that had a more even gender distribution [10,11].”
From Large-scale dissemination of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for youth anxiety: Feasibility and acceptability study (2018) · cites this paper as [10]
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“The evidence base for the therapist-assisted program is strong [9-12], and the program is recognized internationally as the only “probably efficacious” iCBT intervention for childhood anxiety [13].”
From Large-scale dissemination of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for youth anxiety: Feasibility and acceptability study (2018) · cites this paper as [10]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Of the 15 studies that mention adapting the design of the intervention to increase adherence, 8 studies do so without any theoretical basis or reference [64-71]”
From Persuasive System Design Does Matter: a Systematic Review of Adherence to Web-based Interventions (2012) · cites this paper as [66]
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Persuasive System Design Does Matter: a Systematic Review of Adherence to Web-based Interventions
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“Subsequently, March et al. (2009) examined the efficacy of the same program when delivered fully online, with only minimal therapist contact by email and phone, in comparison to a waitlist control.”
InfluentialSelf-citationArnberg, F. K., Linton, S. J., Hultcrantz, M., Heintz, E., & Jonsson, U. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0098118 · Cited by 330
“One trial of moderate risk of bias evaluated I-CBT for mixed anxiety disorders [78]: 30% of the completers did no longer fulfill criteria for their primary anxiety diagnosis, compared to 10% in the WLC.”
BackgroundVigerland, S., Lenhard, F., Bonnert, M., Lalouni, M., Hedman, E., Ahlen, J., Olén, O., Serlachius, E., & Ljótsson, B. (2016) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2016.09.005 · Cited by 292
Grist, R., Croker, A., Denne, M., & Stallard, P. (2019) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-018-0271-8 · Cited by 287
Pennant, M. E., Loucas, C. E., Whittington, C., Creswell, C., Fonagy, P., Fuggle, P., Kelvin, R., Naqvi, S., Stockton, S., & Kendall, T. (2015) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2015.01.009 · Cited by 269
“Of the two studies of cCBT in children, one was considered to have high therapist input (Khanna & Kendall, 2010) and the other was considered to have some therapist input (March et al., 2009).”
BackgroundGriffiths, K. M., Farrer, L., & Christensen, H. (2010) · Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03685.x · Cited by 303
Richardson, T., Stallard, P., & Velleman, S. (2010) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-010-0069-9 · Cited by 272
“The percentages of participants no longer meeting diagnostic criteria for their primary diagnosis ranged from 30% (March et al. 2009) to 78% (Abeles et al. 2009).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialKhanna, M. S., & Kendall, P. C. (2010) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0019739 · Cited by 282
Fisher, E., Law, E. F., Palermo, T. M., & Eccleston, C. (2015) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011118.pub2 · Cited by 244
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Camden, C., Pratte, G., Fallon, F., Couture, M. M., Berbari, J., & Tousignant, M. (2019) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2019.1595750 · Cited by 240
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“March et al. (2008) evaluated the efficacy of an Internet-based individual CBT program relative to a waitlist control in 73 children with anxiety disorders (aged 7–12 years).”
BackgroundUsing technology to deliver mental health services to children and youth: a scoping review.
Boydell, K., Hodgins, M., Pignatiello, A., Teshima, J., Edwards, H. E., & Willis, D. (2014) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 197
Bennett, S. D., Cuijpers, P., Ebert, D. D., McKenzie Smith, M., Coughtrey, A. E., Heyman, I., Manzotti, G., & Shafran, R. (2019) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13010 · Cited by 162
Internet-based parent management training: A randomized controlled study
Enebrink, P., Högström, J., Forster, M. O., & Ghaderi, A. (2012) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2012.01.006 · Cited by 174
Fisher, E., Law, E., Dudeney, J., Eccleston, C., & Palermo, T. M. (2019) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011118.pub3 · Cited by 164
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BackgroundCreswell, C., Nauta, M. H., Hudson, J. L., March, S., Reardon, T. C., Arendt, K. B., Bodden, D. H. M., Cobham, V. E., Donovan, C. L., Halldorsson, B., et al. (2020) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13283 · Cited by 157
Self-citationRooksby, M., Elouafkaoui, P., Humphris, G., Clarkson, J., & Freeman, R. (2015) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.11.006 · Cited by 143
Assessment and management of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents
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Gearing, R. E., Schwalbe, C. S. J., Lee, R., & Hoagwood, K. (2013) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22118 · Cited by 155
“…10.1 56 Anxiety No Individual 10 MASC; CDI; CBCL 0.26 - Manassis et al. (2002) 41 10.0 54 Anxiety No Family 12 MASC; SASC; CDI; GIS; CGAS; CRS 0.23 - March et al. (2009) 34 9.5 45 Anxiety Yes Individual 10 DSR; CGAS; NAD; SCAS; CES; CBCL 0.53 0.75 Masia et al. (2007) 19 15.1 17 Anxiety Yes Group…”
InfluentialVigerland, S., Ljótsson, B., Thulin, U., Öst, L.-G., Andersson, G., & Serlachius, E. (2016) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2015.11.006 · Cited by 136
“On the CGAS-ratings of global functioning, the small effect size found in this study at post-treatment is considerably lower than in March et al. (2009) and the absolute difference between pre- and post-treatment scores was small.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialYe, X.-B., Bapuji, S., Winters, S. E., Struthers, A., Raynard, M., Metge, C., Kreindler, S. A., Charette, C., Lemaire, J., Synyshyn, M., et al. (2014) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/1472-6963-14-313 · Cited by 128
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Logging into therapy: Adolescent perceptions of online therapies for mental health problems
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“Not Me (Rees et al., 2016), BRAVE Self-Help (March et al., 2009), OnTrack Get Real (Queensland University of Technology, 2015), and MindSpot Mood Mechanic (Titov et al., 2015).”
BackgroundSelf-citationStallard, P., Richardson, T., Velleman, S., & Attwood, M. (2011) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s135246581000086x · Cited by 118
“The effects of professional support and supervision is complicated, with some work with cCBT for children and adolescents finding that improvements can be made with limited or no supervision (Abeles et al., 2009; March et al., 2009; Spence et al., 2006).”
BackgroundResultStasiak, K., Hatcher, S., Frampton, C., & Merry, S. N. (2014) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465812001087 · Cited by 108
CBT for adolescents with anxiety: mature yet still developing
Kendall, P. C., & Peterman, J. S. (2015) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.14081061 · Cited by 115
Wildeboer, G., Kelders, S. M., & van Gemert-Pijnen, J. E. W. C. (2016) · International Journal of Medical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2016.04.005 · Cited by 98
A Review of Technology-Based Youth and Family-Focused Interventions
MacDonell, K. W., & Prinz, R. J. (2016) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-016-0218-x · Cited by 113
Anderson, R. E. E., Spence, S. H., Donovan, C. L., March, S., Prosser, S., & Kenardy, J. (2012) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.1848 · Cited by 102
“The positive treatment response demonstrated in study 2 following online therapy was consistent with previous research involving either partial or full Internet or computer delivery of CBT interventions with young people [3,4,7,25].”
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Intensive One-Session Treatment of Specific Phobias
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“To date, only a handful of case series and open trials [28,29] and two randomized controlled studies of therapist-supported ICBT for pediatric anxiety disorders [30,31] have been conducted.”
BackgroundOnline CBT for preschool anxiety disorders: A randomised control trial
Donovan, C. L., & March, S. (2014) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.05.001 · Cited by 105
Self-citationStallard, P. N., Richardson, T. H., & Velleman, S. C. (2010) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465810000421 · Cited by 106
“Previous studies have offered such support using a range of media, such as text messages, telephone calls and e-mails (Cunningham et al., 2009; March et al., 2009; Spence et al., 2006; Gerrits, van der Zanden, Visscher and Conijn, 2007).”
BackgroundSpence, S. H., Donovan, C. L., March, S., Kenardy, J. A., & Hearn, C. S. (2017) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2016.12.003 · Cited by 101
Self-citationParental Involvement: Contribution to Childhood Anxiety and Its Treatment
Wei, C., & Kendall, P. C. (2014) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-014-0170-6 · Cited by 116
“For example, the BRAVE for Children– ONLINE is an internet-delivered CBT program to treat child anxiety (March et al. 2009; Spence et al. 2006).”
BackgroundMarch, S., Spence, S. H., Donovan, C. L., & Kenardy, J. A. (2018) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.9211 · Cited by 84
“Thus, the sample was somewhat less severe than those examined in previous RCTs of iCBT for child anxiety [10,11].”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationTelepsychology outcome research with children and adolescents: A review of the literature.
Slone, N. C., Reese, R. J., & McClellan, M. J. (2012) · Psychological Services · doi:10.1037/a0027607 · Cited by 94
Fitzpatrick, O. M., Carson, A., & Weisz, J. R. (2020) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-020-01089-z · Cited by 92
Treatment and Prevention of Depression and Anxiety in Youth: Test of Cross-Over Effects
Garber, J., Brunwasser, S. M., Zerr, A. A., Schwartz, K. T. G., Sova, K., & Weersing, V. R. (2016) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22519 · Cited by 98
Web-Based Interventions for Youth Internalizing Problems: A Systematic Review
Reyes-Portillo, J. A., Mufson, L., Greenhill, L. L., Gould, M. S., Fisher, P. W., Tarlow, N., & Rynn, M. A. (2014) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2014.09.005 · Cited by 88
Virtues, ecological momentary assessment/intervention and smartphone technology
Runyan, J. D., & Steinke, E. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00481 · Cited by 98
“In multiple cases, these interventions have been observed to facilitate long-term change (e.g., Knaevelsrud and Maercker, 2007; Litz et al., 2007; March et al., 2009; Ruwaard et al., 2010; van Stralen et al., 2011; Cuijpers et al., 2013; Lappalainen et al., 2014).”
BackgroundComputer-based and online therapy for depression and anxiety in children and adolescents
Stasiak, K., Fleming, T., Lucassen, M. F. G., Shepherd, M. J., Whittaker, R., & Merry, S. N. (2016) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2015.0029 · Cited by 87
Silk, J. S., Pramana, G., Sequeira, S. L., Lindhiem, O. J., Kendall, P. C., Rosen, D. K., & Parmanto, B. (2019) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2019.05.002 · Cited by 85
“Consistent with this model, existing computerized CBT interventions for anxiety in youth incorporate regular contact with a therapist or mental health coach (Khanna & Kendall, 2010; March et al., 2009; Wuthrich et al., 2012).”
MethodA Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy of Technology Mediated CBT for Anxious Children and Adolescents
Podina, I. R., Mogoase, C., David, D., Szentagotai, A., & Dobrean, A. (2016) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-015-0228-5 · Cited by 83
No need to worry: the promising future of child anxiety research
Kendall, P. C., Settipani, C. A., & Cummings, C. M. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2012.632352 · Cited by 82
“Some initial support and feasibility has been demonstrated for the BRAVE for Children program (March, Spence, & Donovan, 2009 ; Spence et al, 2008 ), the Cool Teens program (Cunningham et al, 2007 ; Cunningham et al, 2009 ), and Camp-Cope-A-Lot (CCAL; Kendall & Khanna, 2008a ; Khanna & Kendall, 2010 ).”
BackgroundOrsolini, L., Pompili, S., Salvi, V., & Volpe, U. (2021) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina57080793 · Cited by 79
“Accordingly, another Internet-based individual CBT program relative to a waitlist control in 73 children with anxiety disorders (aged 7–12 years) reported a significant reduction in anxiety symptomatology and a greater increase in adaptive functioning relative to the waitlist arm [33].”
BackgroundInfluentialJolstedt, M., Wahlund, T., Lenhard, F., Ljótsson, B., Mataix-Cols, D., Nord, M., Öst, L.-G., Högström, J., Serlachius, E., & Vigerland, S. (2018) · The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/s2352-4642(18)30275-x · Cited by 76
Conaughton, R. J., Donovan, C. L., & March, S. (2017) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.04.032 · Cited by 77
“…of functioning, parent-reported levels of anxiety and internalising behaviours compared to the WLC. Similarly, with respect to satisfaction, both children and parents reported moderate levels of satisfaction, consistent with those reported in the March et al (2009) study of neurotypical children.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationChristensen, H. M., Reynolds, J., & Griffiths, K. M. (2011) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1751-7893.2010.00242.x · Cited by 70
Jolstedt, M., Ljótsson, B., Fredlander, S., Tedgård, T., Hallberg, A., Ekeljung, A., Högström, J., Mataix-Cols, D., Serlachius, E., & Vigerland, S. (2018) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2017.11.003 · Cited by 75
“ICBT for children with anxiety has been shown to reduce symptoms as well as increase functioning (Donovan and March 2014, March et al., 2009, Vigerland et al., 2016b, Vigerland et al., 2013) and with this mounting evidence of efficacy, steps should be taken toward implementation in routine health…”
Cardamone-Breen, M. C., Jorm, A. F., Lawrence, K. A., Rapee, R. M., Mackinnon, A. J., & Yap, M. B. H. (2018) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.9499 · Cited by 75
“Although not representative of the general population, our sample characteristics are similar to other studies of online parenting interventions (eg, [56,57,102,103]), suggesting that these types of programs may be most appealing to this demographic.”
ResultStjerneklar, S., Hougaard, E., McLellan, L. F., & Thastum, M. (2019) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222485 · Cited by 71
Computer-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for children with epilepsy and anxiety: A pilot study
Blocher, J. B., Fujikawa, M., Sung, C. Y. Y., Jackson, D. C., & Jones, J. E. (2013) · Epilepsy & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.12.014 · Cited by 72
Vigerland, S., Ljótsson, B., Bergdahl Gustafsson, F., Hagert, S., Thulin, U., Andersson, G., & Serlachius, E. (2014) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2014.06.002 · Cited by 70
Development of the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale - Short Version (SCAS-S)
Ahlen, J., Vigerland, S., & Ghaderi, A. (2018) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-017-9637-3 · Cited by 69
“…score mean and standard deviation for the Clinical Sample (M = 35.2, Sd = 13.4) were largely comparable to other clinical samples, with somewhat lower means than Australian samples (e.g. Lyneham and Rapee 2006; March et al. 2009), and slightly higher means than a Dutch sample (Nauta et al. 2003).”
ResultInfluentialCassidy, A. R., Butler, S., Briend, J., Calderon, J., Casey, F. A., Crosby, L. E., Fogel, J., Gauthier, N. S., Raimondi, C., Marino, B. S., et al. (2021) · Cardiology in the Young · doi:10.1017/s1047951121002158 · Cited by 69
Internet-delivered CBT for children with specific phobia: a pilot study
Vigerland, S., Thulin, U., Ljótsson, B., Svirsky, L., Öst, L.-G., Lindefors, N., Andersson, G., & Serlachius, E. (2013) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2013.844201 · Cited by 67
“However, the sample in the present study reported low levels of reported anxiety compared to other ICBT studies on children (March et al., 2009; Spence et al., 2011; Wuthrich et al., 2012) and norm data (Essau, Sakano, Ishikawa, & Sasagawa, 2004).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialDyadic Psychosocial eHealth Interventions: Systematic Scoping Review
Shaffer, K. M., Tigershtrom, A., Badr, H., Benvengo, S., Hernandez, M., & Ritterband, L. M. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/15509 · Cited by 63
Rickwood, D., & Bradford (2012) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s23357 · Cited by 62
Storch, E. A., Salloum, A., King, M. A., Crawford, E. A., Andel, R., McBride, N. M., & Lewin, A. B. (2015) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22399 · Cited by 67
“[26, 27] The literature on computer-assisted and computerbased CBT programs has yielded promising preliminary data for pediatric anxiety[27, 30, 31] and depression.”
BackgroundThe Art of Exposure: Putting Science Into Practice
Peterman, J. S., Read, K. L., Wei, C., & Kendall, P. C. (2014) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2014.02.003 · Cited by 68
Randomized control trial of an internet-based parenting intervention for mothers of infants
Feil, E. G., Baggett, K. M., Davis, B., Landry, S. H., Sheeber, L., Leve, C. S., & Johnson, U. (2018) · Early Childhood Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2018.11.003 · Cited by 62
Hames, J. L., Bell, D. J., Perez-Lima, L. M., Holm‐Denoma, J. M., Rooney, T., Charles, N. E., Thompson, S. M., Mehlenbeck, R., Tawfik, S. H., Fondacaro, K. M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Psychotherapy Integration · doi:10.1037/int0000224 · Cited by 61
Hoagwood, K., Jensen, P. S., Acri, M. C., Olin, S.-C. S., Lewandowski, R. E., & Herman, R. (2012) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2012.09.004 · Cited by 65
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Childhood Anxiety Disorders: A Review of Recent Advances
Banneyer, K. N., Bonin, L., Price, K., Goodman, W. K., & Storch, E. A. (2018) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-018-0924-9 · Cited by 59
Digital Mental Health Interventions for Child and Adolescent Anxiety
Khanna, M. S., & Carper, M. M. (2021) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2021.05.003 · Cited by 64
Stallard, P., Velleman, S., & Richardson, T. (2010) · Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1111/j.1475-3588.2009.00540.x · Cited by 58
Direct-to-Consumer Marketing of Evidence-Based Psychological Interventions
Santucci, L. C., McHugh, R. K., & Barlow, D. H. (2011) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2011.07.003 · Cited by 59
Holmes, M. C., Donovan, C. L., Farrell, L. J., & March, S. (2014) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.08.002 · Cited by 57
“As has been used by prominent researchers in the field, missing data was replaced using the last observation carried forward (LOCF) method for the ITT sample (March et al., 2009; McEvoy, Nathan, Rapee, & Campbell, 2012; Payne et al., 2011).”
Self-citationKassam‐Adams, N., Marsac, M. L., Kohser, K. L., Kenardy, J. A., March, S., & Winston, F. K. (2015) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3811 · Cited by 58
“For each of these goals, we drew from the empirical literature on intervention for posttraumatic stress and anxiety in children [15-17] to delineate more specific actionable intervention targets and then worked closely with a Web/game developer team to craft intervention activities to address these…”
Self-citationTelemental health and Web-based applications in children and adolescents
Siemer, C. P., Fogel, J., & Van Voorhees, B. W. (2011) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.chc.2010.08.012 · Cited by 54
Kassam‐Adams, N., Marsac, M. L., Kohser, K. L., Kenardy, J. A., March, S., & Winston, F. K. (2015) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsv057 · Cited by 54
Self-citationType 1 Diabetes eHealth Psychoeducation: Youth Recruitment, Participation, and Satisfaction
Whittemore, R., Jaser, S. S., Faulkner, M. S., Murphy, K., Delamater, A. M., & Grey, M. J. (2013) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.2170 · Cited by 53
“Rates of passive refusal in other studies evaluating an eHealth program in youth have ranged from 13% to 40% [18,34-36].”
BackgroundImproving the Transportability of CBT for Internalizing Disorders in Children
Meredith Elkins, R., Kathryn McHugh, R., Santucci, L. C., & Barlow, D. H. (2011) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-011-0085-4 · Cited by 52
“More recently, manualized ESTs targeting child anxiety and depression have been adapted to cCBT formats, such as the BRAVE-Online program (March et al. 2009; Spence et al. 2006), Stressbusters (Abeles et al. 2009), Cool Teens CD-ROM (Cunningham et al. 2006; Cunningham et al. 2009), and Camp…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialRadomski, A. D., Wozney, L., McGrath, P., Huguet, A., Hartling, L., Dyson, M. P., Bennett, K., & Newton, A. S. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/11128 · Cited by 40
“…2: Reminders to increase awareness of program availability and progress • “Participants receive automated, computer-generated, standardized, weekly e-mails both before each module (as a reminder to complete their modules) and after each module (to congratulate them on finishing their module)” [78].”
BackgroundMethodWozney, L., McGrath, P. J., Gehring, N. D., Bennett, K., Huguet, A., Hartling, L., Dyson, M. P., Soleimani, A., & Newton, A. S. (2018) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/mental.9655 · Cited by 50
“Both positive (61%) [36,38,39,41,43,45,50,54,55,78,80] and mixed (39%) [37,40,42,46,48,49,79] findings were reported across 18 studies on technology acceptability.”
BackgroundInfluentialCobham, V. E., Filus, A., & Sanders, M. R. (2017) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2017.06.004 · Cited by 48
Fisher, E., Law, E. F., Palermo, T. M., & Eccleston, C. (2014) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011118 · Cited by 48
Attwood, M., Meadows, S., Stallard, P. N., & Richardson, T. H. (2011) · Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1111/j.1475-3588.2011.00627.x · Cited by 45
Computers and psychosocial treatment for child anxiety: recent advances and ongoing efforts
Kendall, P. C., Khanna, M. S., Edson, A. L., Cummings, C. M., & Harris, M. S. H. (2010) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20757 · Cited by 47
“March et al. [75] evaluated the BRAVE program, an internet-based (minimal therapist contact via phone/ email) treatment for 7–12 year old children with anxiety disorders.”
ResultSpence, S. H., March, S., & Donovan, C. L. (2019) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2019.100268 · Cited by 47
“…youth who enrolled in the program with no therapist support completed three or more sessions, whereas previous studies in which ICBT was supplemented with therapist support have reported much higher levels of program adherence (March et al., 2009; Spence et al., 2011; Vigerland et al., 2016).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationHill, C., Creswell, C., Vigerland, S., Nauta, M. H., March, S., Donovan, C., Wolters, L., Spence, S. H., Martin, J. L., Wozney, L., et al. (2018) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2018.02.002 · Cited by 44
Self-citationCardamone-Breen, M. C., Jorm, A. F., Lawrence, K. A., Mackinnon, A. J., & Yap, M. B. H. (2017) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.3825 · Cited by 44
“Our 707 sample characteristics are similar to those often reported in online parenting intervention studies 708 (e.g., Dittman et al., 2014; Enebrink et al., 2012; March et al., 2009; Sanders et al., 2012).”
ResultWilansky, P., Eklund, J., Milner, T., Kreindler, D. M., Cheung, A., Kovacs, T., Shooshtari, S., Astell, A. J., Ohinmaa, A. E., Henderson, J. L., et al. (2016) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/resprot.5841 · Cited by 42
“To avoid bias in parameter estimates, missing data will be handled by performing intent-to-treat analyses, in which missing values are replaced using the last observation carried forward, a method appropriate for randomized designs [114].”
MethodPsicoterapia pela Internet: viável ou inviável?
Pieta, M. A. M., & Gomes, W. B. (2014) · Psicologia Ciência e Profissão · doi:10.1590/s1414-98932014000100003 · Cited by 47
Reuland, M. M., & Teachman, B. A. (2014) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.09.011 · Cited by 39
Peyton, D., Goods, M., & Hiscock, H. (2021) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/28771 · Cited by 45
“Fortunately, there is a range of evidence-based treatments that have been shown to improve mental health problems in children, including the use of websites or web-based programs or other digital health interventions (DHIs) [10-13].”
Stasiak, K., Merry, S., Frampton, C. M., & Moor, S. (2016) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2016.1244617 · Cited by 37
“Two large RCTs of BRAVE-ONLINE have shown it to be effective and safe in treating anxiety disorders in children (March et al., 2009) and adolescents (Spence et al., 2011).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialWaite, P., Marshall, T., & Creswell, C. (2019) · Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1111/camh.12311 · Cited by 37
What steps to take? How to approach concerning anxiety in youth.
Kendall, P. C., Makover, H. B., Swan, A. J., Carper, M. M., Mercado, R., Kagan, E. R., & Crawford, E. A. (2016) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/cpsp.12156 · Cited by 35
Cervin, M., & Lundgren, T. (2022) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13485 · Cited by 34
Online CBT Is Effective in Overcoming Cultural and Language Barriers in Patients With Depression
Alavi, N., Hirji, A., Sutton, C., & Naeem, F. (2016) · Journal of Psychiatric Practice · doi:10.1097/pra.0000000000000119 · Cited by 34
Metadata
- Authors
- March, S., Spence, S. H., & Donovan, C. L.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Griffith University (AU)
- Venue
- Journal of Pediatric Psychology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2008-09-15
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 474-487
- ISSN
- 0146-8693 (ISSN-L)
- 1465-735X
- OpenAlex
- W2123809053
- Cited by
- 315
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 14.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Pediatric Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy, childhood anxiety disorders, childhood anxiety, treatment efficacy, waitlist control, parental involvement, medication adherence, access to mental health care, symptom relief, functioning
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety Disorders, Child, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Parents, Surveys and Questionnaires, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Internet
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