Cited by 115Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentPsychological Treatments and Assessments

CBT for adolescents with anxiety: mature yet still developing

Open access
Kendall, Philip C., Peterman, Jeremy S.·2015·American Journal of Psychiatry

Abstract

Anxiety disorders are common in adolescents (ages 12 to 18) and contribute to a range of impairments. There has been speculation that adolescents with anxiety are at risk for being treatment nonresponders. In this review, the authors examine the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for adolescents with anxiety. Outcomes from mixed child and adolescent samples and from adolescent-only samples indicate that approximately two-thirds of youths respond favorably to CBT. CBT produces moderate to large effects and shows superiority over control/comparison conditions. The literature does not support differential outcomes by age: adolescents do not consistently manifest poorer outcomes relative to children. Although extinction paradigms find prolonged fear extinction in adolescent samples, basic research does not fully align with the processes and goals of real-life exposure. Furthermore, CBT is flexible and allows for tailored application in adolescents, and it may be delivered in alternative formats (i.e., brief, computer/Internet, school-based, and transdiagnostic CBT).

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Crossref · 10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.14081061

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  • CBT is efficacious in treating adolescent anxiety.

    “Although abundant evidence supports the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in treating adolescent anxiety, not all teens respond positively to CBT.”
  • The certainty of the evidence for efficacy outcomes was assessed using the GRADE framework across study limitations, imprecision, heterogeneity and inconsistency, indirectness, and publication bias.

    “The certainty of the evidence for efficacy outcomes was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework across the following 5 domains: study limitations, imprecision, heterogeneity and inconsistency, indirectness, and publication bias.”

    From Different Types and Acceptability of Psychotherapies for Acute Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents: A Network Meta-analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [29]

    The Review and Overview section describes a review of CBT outcomes for adolescents with anxiety, but does not describe a GRADE assessment. Searches for GRADE and for the listed certainty-of-evidence domains found no passage in our copy stating that the authors assessed efficacy evidence using that framework; page numbers were unavailable. (LLM, conf=0.72)

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. [16]16. Costello E, Mustillo S, Keeler G, et al: Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents, in Mental Health Services: A Public Health Perspective. Edited by Levine B, Petrila J, Hennessey K. New York, Oxford University Press, 2004, pp 111-128
  2. [82]82. Garcia-Lopez LJ, Turner SM, Albano AM, et al: Results at long-term among three psychological treatments for adolescents with gen- eralized social phobia (II): clinical significance and effect size. Psicol Conductual 2002; 10:371-385
  3. [106]106. Öst LG, Svensson L, Hellström K, et al: One-session treatment of specific phobias in youths: a randomized clinical trial. J Consult Clin Psychol 2001; 69:814-824 108.

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Authors
Kendall, P. C., & Peterman, J. S.
Affiliations
Temple University (US)
Venue
American Journal of Psychiatry
Published
2015-06-01
Volume
172
Issue
6
Pages
519-530
ISSN
  • 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
  • 1535-7228
OpenAlex
W1908297199
Cited by
115
References
145
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 6
FWCI
1.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
Keywords
cognitive behavioral therapy, adolescent anxiety, anxiety disorders, treatment response, treatment non-responders, fear extinction, exposure therapy, treatment efficacy
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Age Factors, Anxiety Disorders, Child, Extinction, Psychological, Fear, Female, Humans, Male, Personality Development, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome

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