Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder: an open trial

Lenhard, Fabian; Vigerland, Sarah; Andersson, Erik; Rück, Christian; Mataix-Cols, David; Thulin, Ulrika; Ljótsson, Brjánn; Serlachius, Eva

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0100773

Cited by 104Digital Mental Health InterventionsObsessive-Compulsive Spectrum DisordersAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder: an open trial

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Lenhard, Fabian, Vigerland, Sarah, Andersson, Erik, Rück, Christian, Mataix-Cols, David, Thulin, Ulrika, Ljótsson, Brjánn, Serlachius, Eva·2014·PLoS ONE

DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0100773PMC PMC4065049

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: International guidelines recommend Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) as the first line treatment for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, a substantial proportion of patients do not have access to such treatment. We developed and tested the feasibility, efficacy and acceptability of a novel therapist-guided, Internet-delivered CBT (ICBT) platform for adolescents with OCD. METHODS: An interactive, age-appropriate ICBT platform ("BiP OCD") was developed. Twenty-one adolescents (12-17 years) with a DSM-IV diagnosis of OCD and their parents were enrolled in the study. All participants received 12 weeks of ICBT with therapist support. The primary outcome measure was the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS). Acceptability was assessed at post-treatment. RESULTS: Participants completed on average 8.29 (SD = 3.0) of the 12 treatment chapters. Treatment yielded significant improvements on all clinician-, parent- and most self-administered outcome measures, with a large effect size of d = 2.29 (95% CI 1.5-3.07) on the CY-BOCS. Patients continued to improve at follow-up. At 6-month follow-up, 71% were classified as responders (≥35% decrease on the CY-BOCS) and 76% as being in remission (CY-BOCS score ≤12). Average clinician support time was less than 20 minutes per patient per week. The majority of participants felt that BiP OCD was age-appropriate and rated the treatment as good or very good. CONCLUSIONS: ICBT could be efficacious, acceptable, and cost-effective for adolescents with OCD. More rigorously controlled studies are needed to further evaluate the treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT01809990.

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Adolescents and their parents generally expressed satisfaction with the intervention, and the majority would recommend it to others, corresponding to previous studies of similar interventions.
“Adolescents and their parents generally expressed satisfaction with the intervention and the majority would recommend it to others, corresponding to what previous studies of similar interventions have found (Spence et al., 2011; Lenhard et al., 2014; Wuthrich et al., 2012).”
From Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for adolescents with anxiety disorders: A feasibility study (2018) · cites this paper as Lenhard et al., 2014
The Results (Treatment Acceptability; page not available) report that all 21 participants rated the intervention good or very good, and the Discussion says all participating families gave it those ratings. Our copy does not report whether a majority would recommend it to others. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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BackgroundMethodSelf-citation
A Systematic Review on TeleMental Health in Youth Mental Health: Focus on Anxiety, Depression and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Orsolini, L., Pompili, S., Salvi, V., & Volpe, U. (2021) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina57080793 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
“In addition, a significant improvement in OCD symptomatology has been observed as well [70,71,75,76], also maintained over the time [70,76].”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
Therapist-supported online remote behavioural intervention for tics in children and adolescents in England (ORBIT): a multicentre, parallel group, single-blind, randomised controlled trial
Hollis, C. P., Hall, C. L., Jones, R., Marston, L., Novere, M. L., Hunter, R. M., Brown, B. J., Sanderson, C., Andrén, P., Bennett, S. D., et al. (2021) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(21)00235-2 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Implementation of internet-delivered CBT for children with anxiety disorders in a rural area: A feasibility trial
Jolstedt, M., Ljótsson, B., Fredlander, S., Tedgård, T., Hallberg, A., Ekeljung, A., Högström, J., Mataix-Cols, D., Serlachius, E., & Vigerland, S. (2018) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2017.11.003 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
A randomized controlled trial examining the efficacy of an internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy program for adolescents with anxiety disorders
Stjerneklar, S., Hougaard, E., McLellan, L. F., & Thastum, M. (2019) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222485 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Cost-effectiveness of therapist-guided internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy for paediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder: results from a randomised controlled trial
Lenhard, F., Ssegonja, R., Andersson, E., Feldman, I., Rück, C., Mataix‐Cols, D., & Serlachius, E. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015246 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Effect of an Internet-Delivered Stepped-Care Program vs In-Person Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Aspvall, K., Andersson, E., Melin, K., Norlin, L., Eriksson, V., Vigerland, S., Jolstedt, M., Silverberg-Mörse, M., Wallin, L., Sampaio, F., et al. (2021) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2021.3839 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Dyadic Psychosocial eHealth Interventions: Systematic Scoping Review
Shaffer, K. M., Tigershtrom, A., Badr, H., Benvengo, S., Hernandez, M., & Ritterband, L. M. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/15509 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Investigating a therapist-guided, parent-assisted remote digital behavioural intervention for tics in children and adolescents—‘Online Remote Behavioural Intervention for Tics’ (ORBIT) trial: protocol of an internal pilot study and single-blind randomised controlled trial
Hall, C. L., Davies, E. B., Andrén, P., Murphy, T. L., Bennett, S. D., Brown, B. J., Brown, S., Chamberlain, L. R., Craven, M. P., Evans, A., et al. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027583 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“The platform has been used to deliver therapist-supported ICBT for a range of different conditions, including phobia, 14 anxiety 15 and OCD.”
How New Technologies Can Improve Prediction, Assessment, and Intervention in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (e-OCD): Review
Ferreri, F., Bourla, A., Peretti, C.-S., Segawa, T., Jaafari, N., & Mouchabac, S. (2019) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/11643 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for obsessive&ndash;compulsive disorder: access to treatment, prediction of long-term outcome with neuroimaging
O'Neill, J., & Feusner, J. (2015) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s75106 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-guided internet–delivered cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) for obsessive-compulsive symptoms: A randomized controlled trial
Wootton, B. M., Karin, E., Titov, N., & Dear, B. F. (2019) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2019.102111 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
eMental Healthcare Technologies for Anxiety and Depression in Childhood and Adolescence: Systematic Review of Studies Reporting Implementation Outcomes
Wozney, L., McGrath, P. J., Gehring, N. D., Bennett, K., Huguet, A., Hartling, L., Dyson, M. P., Soleimani, A., & Newton, A. S. (2018) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/mental.9655 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
A novel approach to challenging OCD related beliefs using a mobile-app: An exploratory study
Roncero, M., Belloch, A., & Doron, G. (2018) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2018.01.008 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
“Such alternative delivery systems for OCD-based CBT are consistent with the stepped-care approach for OCD (NICE, 2005) whereby clients with OCD may begin with low intensity interventions (e.g., self-help materials) and, if needed, gradually receive more intense and expert interventions (Tolin, Diefenbach, & Gilliam, 2…”
MethodInfluential
Prevention of Depression and Anxiety in Subclinical Adolescents: Effects of a Transdiagnostic Internet-Delivered CBT Program
Schmitt, J. C., Valiente, R. M., García-Escalera, J., Arnáez, S., Espinosa, V., Sandín, B., & Chorot, P. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19095365 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“, [22,65], but, as far as we know, not yet in subclinical samples.”
Background
Cognitive-behavioral high parental involvement treatments for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis
Iniesta‐Sepúlveda, M., Alcázar, A. I. R., Sánchez‐Meca, J., Parada-Navas, J. L., & Rosa‐Alcázar, Á. (2017) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2017.03.010 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Cost-effectiveness of internet-delivered vs in-person cognitive behavioral therapy for children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder
Aspvall, K., Sampaio, F., Lenhard, F., Melin, K., Norlin, L., Serlachius, E., Mataix-Cols, D., & Andersson, E. (2021) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.18516 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
“5) [8-17] Educational level of parenta Primary school 2 (3) 0 Secondary school 8 (11) 8 (10) College or university <2 y 8 (11) 8 (10) ≥2 y 53 (72) 60 (77) Doctorate 3 (4) 2 (3) Occupational status of parenta Working 68 (92) 75 (96) Student 0 3 (4) On sick leave 6 (8) 0 Comorbidity None 50 (68) 50 (64) Depressive episo…”
Self-citation
Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for adolescents with anxiety disorders: A feasibility study
Stjerneklar, S., Hougaard, E., Nielsen, A. D., Gaardsvig, M. M., & Thastum, M. (2018) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2018.01.001 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“previous studies of similar interventions have found (Spence et al., 2011; Lenhard et al., 2014; Wuthrich et al., 2012).”
BackgroundResult
“On my own, but not alone”—adolescents’ experiences of internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder
Lenhard, F., Vigerland, S., Engberg, H., Hallberg, A., Thermaenius, H., & Serlachius, E. (2016) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0164311 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citation
Online Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Treatment: Preliminary Results of the “OCD? Not Me!” Self-Guided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program for Young People
Rees, C. S., Anderson, R., Kane, R. T., & Finlay‐jones, A. L. (2016) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/mental.5363 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“To our knowledge, only one study has examined the efficacy of iCBT for OCD in young people [23].”
Influential
Acceptability, feasibility, and efficacy of Internet cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review
Babiano-Espinosa, L., Wolters, L. H., Weidle, B., de Beek, V. O., Pedersen, S. A., Compton, S. N., & Skokauskas, N. (2019) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-019-1166-6 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Korea
Seol, S.-H., Kwon, J. S., Kim, Y. Y., Kim, S. N., & Shin, M.-S. (2016) · Psychiatry Investigation · doi:10.4306/pi.2016.13.4.373 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-guided internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy (iCBT) for obsessive–compulsive disorder: 12 month follow-up
Wootton, B. M., Dear, B. F., Johnston, L., Terides, M. D., & Titov, N. (2015) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2015.05.003 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Therapist-guided internet-delivered cognitive–behavioural therapy supplemented with group exposure sessions for adolescents with social anxiety disorder: a feasibility trial
Nordh, M., Vigerland, S., Öst, L., Ljótsson, B., Mataix‐Cols, D., Serlachius, E., & Högström, J. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018345 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Three decades of telemedicine in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A review across platforms
Aboujaoude, E. (2017) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2017.06.003 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for adolescents with functional gastrointestinal disorders — An open trial
Bonnert, M., Ljótsson, B., Hedman, E., Andersson, J., Arnell, H., Benninga, M., Simrén, M., Thulin, H., Thulin, U., Vigerland, S., et al. (2014) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2014.07.002 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“Although themajority of ICBT studies have included adult participants, ICBT has been shown to lead to improvement for children and adolescents suffering from anxiety disorders (Richardson et al., 2010; Vigerland et al., 2013), OCD (Lenhard et al., 2014), chronic pain (Hicks et al., 2006; Palermo et al., 2009), and oth…”
Background
Individually tailored internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for adolescents with anxiety disorders: A pilot effectiveness study
Silfvernagel, K., Gren‐Landell, M., Emanuelsson, M., Carlbring, P., & Andersson, G. (2015) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2015.07.002 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Efficacy of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Meta-Analysis
Wu, Y.-Q., Lang, Z., & Zhang, H. (2016) · Medical Science Monitor · doi:10.12659/msm.895481 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“One of the merits of the present study is that a number of very recent randomized clinical trials [15,17,19,20] have been for the first time included in our meta-analysis, which made the results very up-to-date.”
Background
Internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for young children with obsessive–compulsive disorder: development and initial evaluation of the BIP OCD Junior programme
Aspvall, K., Andrén, P., Lenhard, F., Andersson, E., Mataix‐Cols, D., & Serlachius, E. (2018) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2018.10 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Technology at the Service of Pediatric Mental Health: Review and Assessment
Aboujaoude, E. N., & Salame, W. O. (2015) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.12.009 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behaviour Therapy
Richards, D., Enrique, Á., Palacios, J. E., & Duffy, D. J. (2018) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.71412 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder in Children and Adolescents
Stiede, J. T., Spencer, S. D., Onyeka, O. “., Mangen, K. H., Church, M. J., Goodman, W. K., & Storch, E. A. (2023) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080822-043910 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Knowledge and competency standards for specialized cognitive behavior therapy for adult obsessive-compulsive disorder
Sookman, D., Phillips, K. A., Anholt, G. E., Bhar, S. S., Bream, V., Challacombe, F. L., Coughtrey, A. E., Craske, M. G., Foa, E. B., Gagné, J.-P., et al. (2021) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113752 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
How can technology enhance cognitive behavioral therapy: the case of pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder
Wolters, L. H., de Beek, V. O., Weidle, B., & Skokauskas, N. (2017) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1377-0 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Implementation of internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: Lessons from clinics in Sweden, United Kingdom and Australia
Aspvall, K., Lenhard, F., Melin, K., Krebs, G., Norlin, L., Näsström, K., Jassi, A. D., Turner, C. M., Knoetze, E., Serlachius, E., et al. (2020) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2020.100308 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“The 3-month outcomes on both primary and secondary outcome measures were largely comparable to those of the previous BIP OCD trials, with similar within-group effect sizes and an observed additional improvement between post-treatment and the 3-month follow-up (Aspvall et al., 2018; Lenhard, Andersson, et al., 2017; Le…”
BackgroundResultInfluential
An Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Program for Adolescents With Anxiety: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
O'Connor, K. A., Bagnell, A. L., McGrath, P. J., Wozney, L., Radomski, A. D., Rosychuk, R. J., Curtis, S. J., Jabbour, M., Fitzpatrick, E. A., Johnson, D. W., et al. (2020) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/13356 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Individually tailored internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for young adults with anxiety disorders: A pilot effectiveness study
Silfvernagel, K., Wassermann, C., & Andersson, G. (2017) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2017.03.002 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“The significant effects that were found on all dependent measures immediately following treatment and adherence rates for the 8 adolescents are consistent with previous trials on CBT and ICBT for adolescents (Spence et al., 2011; Tillfors et al., 2011; Lenhard et al., 2014), and with previous trials on tailored ICBT f…”
BackgroundResult
Feasibility of internet-delivered cognitive-behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder in youth with autism spectrum disorder: A clinical benchmark study
Wickberg, F., Lenhard, F., Aspvall, K., Serlachius, E., Andrén, P., Johansson, F., Silverberg-Mörse, M., & Mataix‐Cols, D. (2022) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2022.100520 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Knowledge and competency standards for specialized cognitive behavior therapy for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Piacentini, J., Wu, M. S., Rozenman, M., Bennett, S., McGuire, J., Nadeau, J. M., Lewin, A., Sookman, D., Bergman, R., Storch, E., et al. (2021) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113854 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
A review of design characteristics of cognitive behavioral therapy-informed behavioral intervention technologies for youth with depression and anxiety
Stiles-Shields, C., Ho, J., & Mohr, D. C. (2016) · DIGITAL HEALTH · doi:10.1177/2055207616675706 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“Parental support was also a common feature, with four studies providing parent materials and encouraging parental engagement with the teen users around the treatment interventions.(46,50)”
BackgroundMethodResult
Acceptability and feasibility of enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy (eCBT) for children and adolescents with obsessive–compulsive disorder
Babiano-Espinosa, L., Wolters, L. H., Weidle, B., Compton, S. N., Lydersen, S., & Skokauskas, N. (2021) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-021-00400-7 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Online remote behavioural intervention for tics in 9- to 17-year-olds: the ORBIT RCT with embedded process and economic evaluation
Hollis, C. P., Hall, C. L., Khan, K., Novere, M. L., Marston, L., Jones, R., Hunter, R. M., Brown, B. J., Sanderson, C., Andrén, P., et al. (2023) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/cpms3211 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Guided self-help for mental health disorders in children and young people with chronic neurological conditions: A qualitative evaluation
Bennett, S. D., Coughtrey, A. E., Heyman, I., Greally, S., Clarkson, H., Bhattacharyya, T., Lewis, C., Varadkar, S., & Shafran, R. (2018) · European Journal of Paediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2018.02.011 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Behavioral Intervention Technologies and Psychotherapy with Youth: A Review of the Literature
Bunge, E. L., Dickter, B., Jones, M. K., Alie, G., Spear, A., & Perales, R. (2015) · Current Psychiatry Reviews · doi:10.2174/1573400511666150930232254 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Evaluation of the factor structure of the Child Obsessive–Compulsive Impact Scale – Revised (COIS-R) in Scandinavia with confirmatory factor analysis
Skarphéðinsson, G., Melin, K., Valderhaug, R., Wentzel‐Larsen, T., Højgaard, D. R. M. A., Thomsen, P. H., & Ivarsson, T. (2015) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2015.03.005 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Long-term outcomes of therapist-guided Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder
Lenhard, F., Andersson, E., Mataix‐Cols, D., Rück, C., Aspvall, K., & Serlachius, E. (2020) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-020-00327-x · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Internet-based psychotherapy in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD): protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Conzelmann, A., Hollmann, K., Haigis, A., Lautenbacher, H., Bizu, V., App, R., Nickola, M., Wewetzer, G., Wewetzer, C., Ivarsson, T., et al. (2022) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-022-06062-w · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“iCBT could be especially attractive for pediatric patients as 90–96% of young people aged 12–24 have good internet accessibility and their ability to use new media platforms should be high [11].”
Background
OCD? Not Me! Protocol for the development and evaluation of a web-based self-guided treatment for youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder
Rees, C. S., Anderson, R., & Finlay‐jones, A. L. (2015) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-007486 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Long-term telemental health prevention interventions for youth: A rapid review.
Abuwalla, Z., Clark, M. D., Burke, B. J., Tannenbaum, V., Patel, S., Mitacek, R., Gladstone, T. R. G., & Voorhees, B. W. V. (2017) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2017.11.006 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“…discussion boards (Richards et al., 2016; Hoek et al., 2011; Saulsberry et al., 2013a; Ip et al., 2016; Kramer et al., 2014; Stallman et al., 2016; Taylor et al., 2016; Day et al., 2013; Tillfors et al., 2011; Räsänen et al., 2016; Ruggiero et al., 2015; Lenhard et al., 2014; Turner et al., 2014).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
A multilevel longitudinal study of experiencing virtual presence in adolescence: the role of anxiety and openness to experience in the classroom
Stavropoulos, V., Wilson, P. H., Kuss, D. J., Griffiths, M. D., & Gentile, D. A. (2016) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2016.1262900 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Third, interest in internet-delivered intervention has grown substantially, particularly in lieu of the range and severity of symptoms among adolescent clients including obsessive-compulsive behaviours, insomnia, and victimization (De Bruin et al., 2014; Jacobs et al., 2014; Lenhard et al., 2014).”
Background
Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of therapist-guided internet-delivered behaviour therapy for children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome: study protocol for a single-blind randomised controlled trial
Andrén, P., de la Cruz, L. F., Isomura, K., Lenhard, F., Hall, C. L., Davies, E. B., Murphy, T. L., Hollis, C. P., Sampaio, F., Feldman, I., et al. (2021) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-021-05592-z · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Personalizing cognitive-behavioral treatment for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder
Wu, M. S., & Storch, E. A. (2016) · Expert Review of Precision Medicine and Drug Development · doi:10.1080/23808993.2016.1209972 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Stepped Care Internet-Delivered vs Face-to-Face Cognitive-Behavior Therapy for Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Aspvall, K., Andersson, E., Lenhard, F., Melin, K., Norlin, L., Wallin, L., Silverberg-Mörse, M., Feldman, I., Bottai, M., Mataix‐Cols, D., et al. (2019) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.13810 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Brief Digital Interventions: An Implementation-Sensitive Approach to Addressing School Mental Health Needs of Youth with Mild and Emerging Mental Health Difficulties
Cwinn, E., Barry, E. A., Weisz, J. R., Bailin, A., Fitzpatrick, O. M., Venturo‐Conerly, K. E., & Crooks, C. V. (2022) · Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health · doi:10.7870/cjcmh-2022-026 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“…(e.g., anxiety and depression) and externalizing (e.g., behavioural difficulties and substance use) difficulties among children and adolescents (Berg et al., 2020; Calear et al., 2009; Hoek et al., 2012; Lenhard et al., 2014; March et al., 2009; Vigerland et al., 2013; Vigerland et al., 2016).”
Background
Effective elements of eHealth interventions for mental health and well-being in children and adolescents: A systematic review
Dietvorst, E., de Vries, L. P., van Eijl, S., Mesman, E., Legerstee, J. S., Keijsers, L., Hillegers, M. H. J., & Vreeker, A. (2024) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076241294105 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Evidence-Based Treatments in Treatment-Naïve and Treatment-Resistant Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Skarphéðinsson, G., & Ivarsson, T. (2015) · Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s40473-015-0047-0 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
i-Therapy: Asynchronous Telehealth Expands Access to Mental Health Care and Challenges Tenets of the Therapeutic Process
Myers, K., & Stoep, A. V. (2016) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2016.11.001 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Advances in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Treatment: A Comprehensive Narrative Review
Zadeh, L. K., & Corso, G. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.68225 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“A notable strategy involves age appropriate therapist-guided Internet-delivered CBT (ICBT), exemplified by the "BiP OCD" platform [20].”
Background
Internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy for young people with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Lessons learned
Anderson, R., Rees, C. S., & Finlay‐jones, A. L. (2017) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2017.08.001 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Towards a Neuroscience-Informed Coaching Practice: Opportunities and Limitations
McKay, S. M., & Smith, S. C. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-79952-6_21 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Investigating the effectiveness of using a telemental health approach to manage obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review
Karbasi, Z., Eslami, P., Sabahi, A., & Zahmatkeshan, M. (2024) · Middle East Current Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s43045-024-00421-w · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“The majority of the studies demonstrated effectiveness in terms of alleviating symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress [16, 18–20, 24–26, 28, 30, 32, 34–36] and improving quality of life [20, 24, 26, 28, 32, 33, 35].”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Internet-Based Therapies for Child and Adolescent Emotional and Behavioral Problems
Spence, S. H., March, S., Vigerland, S., & Serlachius, E. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-06083-5_11 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Individually tailored internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for adolescents, young adults and older adults with anxiety
Silfvernagel, K. (2017) · Linköping studies in behavioural science · doi:10.3384/diss.diva-135823 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“…treatment and adherence rates for the 8 adolescents are consistent with previous trials on CBT and ICBT for adolescents (Spence et al., 2011; Tillfors et al., 2011; Lenhard et al., 2014), and with previous trials on tailored ICBT for young adults and adults (Carlbring et al., 2011; Paper II).”
Background
Adapting a parent training program to the COVID-19 crisis in a mental health care setting in France
Maurice, V., Didillon, A., Purper‐Ouakil, D., & Kerbage, H. (2021) · L Encéphale · doi:10.1016/j.encep.2021.06.012 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Telerrehabilitación de sujetos con trastornos del neurodesarrollo durante el confinamiento por COVID-19
Paz, E. V., Giacchino, M., Leist, M., Chirilla, C., Petracca, L., & Agosta, G. E. (2022) · Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría · doi:10.1016/j.rcp.2022.03.003 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Effectiveness of internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders within routine clinical care in rural Sweden
Vigerland, S., Fredlander, S., Aspvall, K., Jolstedt, M., Lenhard, F., Mataix‐Cols, D., Ljótsson, B., & Serlachius, E. (2024) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2024.100738 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“…a series of open and randomized controlled trials (Aspvall et al., 2018; Aspvall et al., 2020; Aspvall et al., 2021a, 2021b; Jolstedt et al., 2018a; Jolstedt et al., 2018b; Lenhard et al., 2014; Len-hard et al., 2017; Vigerland et al., 2013; Vigerland et al., 2016a, 2016b; Wickberg et al., 2022).”
Background
Technological Interventions for Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder Management
Borgnis, F., & Pedroli, E. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818697-8.00096-0 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Technology-based CBT in Reducing Symptoms of OCD in Children: A Systematic Review
Samson, F., Tafuto, B. A., Jose, N. C., & Kim, L. P. (2021) · Journal of Public Health Issues and Practices · doi:10.33790/jphip1100177 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“The mean CY-BOCS score across all studies was 23.85 and ranged from 21.3 [13] to 29.1[11].”
Influential
Can digital innovation be helpful to counselling and psychotherapy in low‐ and middle‐income countries? The case of Ghana
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Therapist-guided, internet-delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy for adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a randomized controlled trial
Lenhard, F., Andersson, E., Mataix-Cols, D., Rück, C., Vigerland, S., Högström, J., Hillborg, M., Brander, G., Ljungström, M., Ljótsson, B., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2016.09.515 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
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Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomized controlled trial
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Authors: Lenhard, F., Vigerland, S., Andersson, E., Rück, C., Mataix-Cols, D., Thulin, U., Ljótsson, B., & Serlachius, E.
Affiliations: Karolinska Institutet (SE)
Corresponding author: Lenhard, Fabian
ORCID: Lenhard, Fabian
Vigerland, Sarah
Andersson, Erik
Rück, Christian
Ljótsson, Brjánn
Serlachius, Eva
Venue: PLoS ONE
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published: 2014-06-20
Volume: 9
Issue: 6
Pages: e100773
ISSN: 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100773
PMC: PMC4065049
OpenAlex: W2116170399
Cited by: 104
References: 66
Citations by year: 2025: 1 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 2
FWCI: 20.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (unspecified)
Locations: PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: Karolinska Institutet
Stockholms Läns Landsting (20120167)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy, obsessive-compulsive disorder, adolescents, pediatric OCD, treatment acceptability, treatment efficacy, treatment feasibility, Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, parental involvement
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Parents, Severity of Illness Index, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Telemedicine, Internet

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