Perceptual awareness and active inference
Open accessAbstract
Perceptual awareness depends upon the way in which we engage with our sensorium. This notion is central to active inference, a theoretical framework that treats perception and action as inferential processes. This variational perspective on cognition formalizes the notion of perception as hypothesis testing and treats actions as experiments that are designed (in part) to gather evidence for or against alternative hypotheses. The common treatment of perception and action affords a useful interpretation of certain perceptual phenomena whose active component is often not acknowledged. In this article, we start by considering Troxler fading – the dissipation of a peripheral percept during maintenance of fixation, and its recovery during free (saccadic) exploration. This offers an important example of the failure to maintain a percept without actively interrogating a visual scene. We argue that this may be understood in terms of the accumulation of uncertainty about a hypothesized stimulus when free exploration is disrupted by experimental instructions or pathology. Once we take this view, we can generalize the idea of using bodily (oculomotor) action to resolve uncertainty to include the use of mental (attentional) actions for the same purpose. This affords a useful way to think about binocular rivalry paradigms, in which perceptual changes need not be associated with an overt movement.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The notion of mental action -in which covert attentional policies are selected in a way analogous to those driving overt behaviour -highlights the fundamental explanatory role of such executive processes as attentional regulation (i.e., precision-optimisation) and decision-making (i.e., planning-as-inference) in AI-C.
“However, the notion of mental action -in which covert attentional policies are selected in a way analogous to those driving overt behaviour (Limanowski & Friston, 2018; Parr, Corcoran, et al., 2019) -highlights the fundamental explanatory role of such executive processes as attentional regulation (i.e., precision-optimisation) and decision-making (i.e., planning-as-inference) in AI-C.”
From Integrated information and predictive processing theories of consciousness: An adversarial collaborative review (2026) · cites this paper as Parr, Corcoran, et al., 2019
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Information theory and statistical mechanics
Jaynes, E. T. (1957) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.106.620 · Cited by 12,931 · see citing works
Rao, R. P. N., & Ballard, D. H. (1999) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/4580 · Cited by 5,483 · see citing works
Friston, K. J., Harrison, L., & Penny, W. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00202-7 · Cited by 4,583 · see citing works
Self-citationSegregation of Form, Color, Movement, and Depth: Anatomy, Physiology, and Perception
Livingstone, M. S., & Hubel, D. H. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3283936 · Cited by 3,358 · see citing works
Mnemonic coding of visual space in the monkey's dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Funahashi, S., Bruce, C. J., & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1989) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1989.61.2.331 · Cited by 2,685 · see citing works
The Bayesian brain: The role of uncertainty in neural coding and computation
Knill, D. C., & Pouget, A. (2004) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2004.10.007 · Cited by 2,588 · see citing works
Klein, R. M. (2000) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(00)01452-2 · Cited by 2,017 · see citing works
Hohwy, J. (2013) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199682737.001.0001 · Cited by 1,914 · see citing works
Self-citationRizzolatti, G., Riggio, L., Dascola, I., & Umiltà, C. A. (1987) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/0028-3932(87)90041-8 · Cited by 1,814 · see citing works
(2003) · Cited by 1,680 · see citing works
Virtual in vivo interactive dissection of white matter fasciculi in the human brain
Catani, M., Howard, R. J., Pajevic, S., & Jones, D. K. (2002) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2002.1136 · Cited by 1,637 · see citing works
A Common Network of Functional Areas for Attention and Eye Movements
Corbetta, M., Akbudak, E., Conturo, T. E., Snyder, A. Z., Ollinger, J. M., Drury, H. A., Linenweber, M. R., Petersen, S. E., Raichle, M. E., Essen, D. C. V., et al. (1998) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80593-0 · Cited by 1,590 · see citing works
Predictive coding under the free-energy principle
Friston, K., & Kiebel, S. (2009) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0300 · Cited by 1,579 · see citing works
Self-citationOn a measure of the information provided by an experiment
Lindley, D. V. (1956) · The Annals of Mathematical Statistics · doi:10.1214/aoms/1177728069 · Cited by 1,509 · see citing works
Inhibition of return: Neural basis and function
Posner, M. I., Rafal, R. D., Choate, L. S., & Vaughan, J. (1985) · Cognitive Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/02643298508252866 · Cited by 1,456 · see citing works
Spatial Neglect and Attention Networks
Corbetta, M., & Shulman, G. L. (2011) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-061010-113731 · Cited by 1,318 · see citing works
The role of fixational eye movements in visual perception
Martínez‐Conde, S., Macknik, S. L., & Hubel, D. H. (2004) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1348 · Cited by 1,261 · see citing works
Dayan, P., Hinton, G. E., Neal, R. M., & Zemel, R. S. (1995) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/neco.1995.7.5.889 · Cited by 1,207 · see citing works
Why visual attention and awareness are different
Lamme, V. A. F. (2003) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(02)00013-x · Cited by 1,172 · see citing works
Active inference: a process theory
Friston, K., FitzGerald, T., Rigoli, F., Schwartenbeck, P., & Pezzulo, G. (2017) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/neco_a_00912 · Cited by 1,156 · see citing works
Self-citationMotion illusions as optimal percepts
Weiss, Y., Simoncelli, E. P., & Adelson, E. H. (2002) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn0602-858 · Cited by 1,076 · see citing works
The functional logic of cortical connections
Zeki, S., & Shipp, S. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/335311a0 · Cited by 1,067 · cited 1× · see citing works
“This could be motivated in terms of the magnocellular signal arising from the periphery of the retina (Livingstone and Hubel 1988; Zeki and Shipp 1988; Zeki and Shipp 1989; Nealey and Maunsell 1994).”
BackgroundStatistical Mechanics, A Set of Lectures
Feynman, R. P., & Mullin, W. J. (1974) · American Journal of Physics · doi:10.1119/1.1987797 · Cited by 1,059 · see citing works
A hierarchy of intrinsic timescales across primate cortex
Murray, J. D., Bernacchia, A., Freedman, D. J., Romo, R., Wallis, J. D., Cai, X., Padoa-Schioppa, C., Pasternak, T., Seo, H., Lee, D., et al. (2014) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3862 · Cited by 990 · see citing works
Multistable phenomena: changing views in perception
Leopold, D. A., & Logothetis, N. K. (1999) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(99)01332-7 · Cited by 955 · see citing works
Failure to detect displacement of the visual world during saccadic eye movements
Bridgeman, B., Hendry, D. P., & STARK, L. W. (1975) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/0042-6989(75)90290-4 · Cited by 881 · see citing works
A hierarchy of temporal receptive windows in human cortex
Hasson, U., Yang, E., Vallines, I., Heeger, D. J., & Rubin, N. (2008) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5487-07.2008 · Cited by 874 · see citing works
Action and behavior: a free-energy formulation
Friston, K. J., Daunizeau, J., Kilner, J., & Kiebel, S. J. (2010) · Biological Cybernetics · doi:10.1007/s00422-010-0364-z · Cited by 866 · cited 2× · see citing works
“…to as the evidence lower bound or ‘ELBO’)] we can re-write Equation (2) in terms of a free energy functional (F) (Dayan et al. 1995; Beal 2003; Friston et al. 2010): u ¼ argmin u F F ¼ EQ ½lnQðs; pÞ lnPðo; s; pÞ ¼ EQ ½lnPðo; s; pÞ H½Qðs; pÞ ¼ lnPðoÞ þ DKL½Qðs;pÞjjPðs; pjoÞ lnPðoÞ () Qðs; pÞ…”
BackgroundSelf-citationVision as Bayesian inference: analysis by synthesis?
Yuille, A., & Kersten, D. (2006) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2006.05.002 · Cited by 849 · see citing works
Bayesian brain : probabilistic approaches to neural coding
賢治, 銅., 信, 石., Pouget, A., & Rao, R. P. N. (2006) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/9780262042383.001.0001 · Cited by 823 · see citing works
Gregory, R. L. (1980) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.1980.0090 · Cited by 789 · see citing works
Friston, K. (2013) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · doi:10.1098/rsif.2013.0475 · Cited by 754 · see citing works
Self-citationNeural Correlates of Perceptual Rivalry in the Human Brain
Lumer, E. D., Friston, K. J., & Rees, G. E. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.280.5371.1930 · Cited by 745 · see citing works
Self-citationActive inference and epistemic value
Friston, K., Rigoli, F., Ognibene, D., Mathys, C., Fitzgerald, T., & Pezzulo, G. (2015) · Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17588928.2015.1020053 · Cited by 731 · see citing works
Self-citationDirect Evidence for a Parietal-Frontal Pathway Subserving Spatial Awareness in Humans
de Schotten, M. T., Urbanski, M., Duffau, H., Volle, E., Lévy, R., Dubois, B., & Bartolomeo, P. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1116251 · Cited by 682 · see citing works
An aberrant precision account of autism
Lawson, R. P., Rees, G., & Friston, K. J. (2014) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00302 · Cited by 641 · see citing works
Self-citationThe role of temporal cortical areas in perceptual organization
Sheinberg, D., & Logothetis, N. K. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.7.3408 · Cited by 603 · see citing works
Neuronal activity in human primary visual cortex correlates with perception during binocular rivalry
Polonsky, A., Blake, R., Braun, J., & Heeger, D. J. (2000) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/80676 · Cited by 589 · see citing works
Hohwy, J. (2016) · Noûs · doi:10.1111/nous.12062 · Cited by 578 · see citing works
Self-citationPredictive coding explains binocular rivalry: an epistemological review
Hohwy, J., Roepstorff, A., & Friston, K. (2008) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2008.05.010 · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Self-citationActive inference, sensory attenuation and illusions
Brown, H., Adams, R. A., Parees, I., Edwards, M., & Friston, K. (2013) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-013-0571-3 · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Self-citationAdults with autism overestimate the volatility of the sensory environment
Lawson, R. P., Mathys, C., & Rees, G. (2017) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4615 · Cited by 470 · cited 2× · see citing works
“This makes a strong empirical prediction, in that the time taken for the image to fade should be inversely related to measures of volatility (the imprecision of dynamics) that can be estimated through other experimental paradigms (Mathys et al. 2014; Marshall et al. 2016; Lawson et al. 2017).”
BackgroundUncertainty in perception and the Hierarchical Gaussian Filter
Mathys, C. D., Lomakina, E. I., Daunizeau, J., Iglesias, S., Brodersen, K. H., Friston, K. J., & Stephan, K. E. (2014) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00825 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Self-citationNecker, L. A. (1832) · The London Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science · doi:10.1080/14786443208647909 · Cited by 463 · see citing works
Orienting of attention and eye movements
Sheliga, B. M., Riggio, L., & Rizzolatti, G. (1994) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00233988 · Cited by 449 · see citing works
Meng, M., & Tong, F. (2004) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/4.7.2 · Cited by 417 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Although binocular rivalry is highly resistant to volitional control, percept dominance and alternation rate are both sensitive to endogenous attentional allocation (Lack 1974; Ooi and He 1999; Meng and Tong 2004; Chong et al. 2005; van Ee et al. 2005; Paffen et al. 2006; Alais et al. 2010).”
The graphical brain: Belief propagation and active inference
Friston, K. J., Parr, T., & de Vries, B. (2017) · Network Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/netn_a_00018 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Self-citationAttention and conscious perception in the hypothesis testing brain
Hohwy, J. (2012) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00096 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Self-citationThe anatomy of spatial neglect
Karnath, H., & Rorden, C. (2011) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.06.027 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Bruineberg, J., Kiverstein, J., & Rietveld, E. (2018) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-016-1239-1 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
A Dynamic Interplay within the Frontoparietal Network Underlies Rhythmic Spatial Attention
Fiebelkorn, I. C., Pinsk, M. A., & Kastner, S. (2018) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.07.038 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Pupil dilation reflects perceptual selection and predicts subsequent stability in perceptual rivalry
Einhäuser, W., Stout, J., Koch, C., & Carter, O. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0707727105 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Eye-specific effects of binocular rivalry in the human lateral geniculate nucleus
Haynes, J., Deichmann, R., & Rees, G. E. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04169 · Cited by 349 · see citing works
Active Inference, Curiosity and Insight
Friston, K. J., Lin, M., Frith, C., Pezzulo, G., Hobson, J. A., & Ondobaka, S. (2017) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/neco_a_00999 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Self-citationImpaired spatial working memory across saccades contributes to abnormal search in parietal neglect
Masud Husain, B. (2001) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/124.5.941 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Bayesian approaches to autism: Towards volatility, action, and behavior.
Palmer, C. J., Lawson, R. P., & Hohwy, J. (2017) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000097 · Cited by 307 · cited 1× · see citing works
“chopathologies that are associated with an impaired capacity to estimate volatility, such as schizophrenia and autism (Lawson et al. 2017; Palmer et al. 2017), should lead to more dramatic rivalrous percepts.”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe functional anatomy of attention to visual motion. A functional MRI study
Buchel, C. (1998) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/121.7.1281 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Neural correlates of binocular rivalry in the human lateral geniculate nucleus
Wunderlich, K., Schneider, K. A., & Kästner, S. (2005) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1554 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Lee, P. L. M., Dawson, M. N., Neill, S. P., Robins, P., Houghton, J. D. R., Doyle, T. K., & Hays, G. C. (2013) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Uncertainty, epistemics and active inference
Parr, T., & Friston, K. J. (2017) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · doi:10.1098/rsif.2017.0376 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Self-citationIllusions, perception and Bayes
Geisler, W. S., & Kersten, D. (2002) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn0602-508 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Deep temporal models and active inference
Friston, K. J., Rosch, R. E., Parr, T., Price, C. J., & Bowman, H. (2017) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.04.009 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Self-citationStatistical Mechanics: A Set of Lectures
Moore, M. A. (1974) · Physics Bulletin · doi:10.1088/0031-9112/25/5/033 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
The Bayesian brain: Phantom percepts resolve sensory uncertainty
Ridder, D. D., Vanneste, S., & Freeman, W. J. (2012) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.04.001 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Working memory, attention, and salience in active inference
Parr, T., & Friston, K. J. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15249-0 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Self-citationBinocular rivalry requires visual attention
Zhang, P., Jamison, K., Engel, S., He, B., & He, S. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.035 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Binocular Rivalry and Visual Awareness: The Role of Attention
Ooi, T. L., & He, Z. J. (1999) · Perception · doi:10.1068/p2923 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Voluntary control and the dynamics of perceptual bi-stability
van Ee, R., van Dam, L. C. J., & Brouwer, G. J. (2004) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/j.visres.2004.07.030 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Reversibility of the Necker Cube: I. An Examination of the Concept of “Satiation of Orientation”
Orbach, J., Ehrlich, D., & Heath, H. A. (1963) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1963.17.2.439 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
The Anatomy of Inference: Generative Models and Brain Structure
Parr, T., & Friston, K. J. (2018) · Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncom.2018.00090 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Self-citationMagnocellular and parvocellular contributions to the responses of neurons in macaque striate cortex
Nealey, T., & Maunsell, J. H. R. (1994) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.14-04-02069.1994 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Doesburg, S. M., Green, J. J., McDonald, J. J., & Ward, L. M. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006142 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
NOTE ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF DOMINANCE TIMES IN BINOCULAR RIVALRY
Levelt, W. J. M. (1967) · British Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1967.tb01068.x · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Parr, T., & Friston, K. J. (2018) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.10.006 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Self-citationEndogenous attention prolongs dominance durations in binocular rivalry
Chong, S. C., Tadin, D., & Blake, R. (2005) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/5.11.6 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Multistable Perception and the Role of the Frontoparietal Cortex in Perceptual Inference
Brascamp, J. W., Sterzer, P., Blake, R., & Knapen, T. H. J. (2017) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010417-085944 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Scene Construction, Visual Foraging, and Active Inference
Mirza, M. B., Adams, R. A., Mathys, C. D., & Friston, K. J. (2016) · Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncom.2016.00056 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Self-citationPerceptual Rivalry: Reflexes Reveal the Gradual Nature of Visual Awareness
Naber, M., Frässle, S., & Einhäuser, W. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0020910 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Neural correlates of the contents of visual awareness in humans
Rees, G. E. (2007) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2007.2094 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Kim, M., Mashour, G. A., Moraes, S.-B., Vanini, G., Tarnal, V., Janke, E., Hudetz, A. G., & Lee, U. (2016) · Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncom.2016.00001 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Pharmacological Fingerprints of Contextual Uncertainty
Marshall, L., Mathys, C., Ruge, D., de Berker, A. O., Dayan, P., Stephan, K. E., & Bestmann, S. (2016) · PLOS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002575 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Limanowski, J., & Friston, K. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00643 · Cited by 154 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Here, we generalize this to the notion of an attentional (mental) action (Limanowski and Friston 2018) directed to one set of features or another.”
BackgroundSelf-citationSlower Rate of Binocular Rivalry in Autism
Robertson, C. E., Kravitz, D., Freyberg, J., Baron-Cohen, S., & Baker, C. (2013) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0448-13.2013 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Pupillary dilation as an index of central nervous system α2-adrenoceptor activation
Koss, M. C. (1986) · Journal of Pharmacological Methods · doi:10.1016/0160-5402(86)90002-1 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Modular Connections between Areas V2 and V4 of Macaque Monkey Visual Cortex
Zeki, S., & Shipp, S. D. (1989) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.1989.tb00356.x · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Here is looking at you: Emotional faces predominate in binocular rivalry.
Alpers, G. W., & Gerdes, A. B. M. (2007) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.7.3.495 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Attention Speeds Binocular Rivalry
Paffen, C. L. E., Alais, D., & Verstraten, F. A. J. (2006) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01777.x · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Pupil dilation betrays the timing of decisions
Wolfgang Einhäuser, A. (2010) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2010.00018 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Free Energy, Value, and Attractors
Friston, K. J., & Ao, P. (2011) · Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine · doi:10.1155/2012/937860 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Self-citationA Hierarchical Model of Binocular Rivalry
Dayan, P. (1998) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/089976698300017377 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Selective attention and the control of binocular rivalry
Lack, L. C. (1978) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03205846 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
THE ALTERNATION PROCESS IN BINOCULAR RIVALRY
Levelt, W. J. M. (1966) · British Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1966.tb01023.x · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Ptak, R., & Schnider, A. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2722-10.2010 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Selective attention and the control of binocular rivalry
Lack, L. C. (1978) · De Gruyter eBooks · doi:10.1515/9783110800302 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Neuronal message passing using mean-field, bethe, and marginal approximations
Parr, T., Markovic, D., Kiebel, S. J., & Friston, K. J. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-38246-3 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Self-citationUeber das Verschwinden gegebener Gegenstande innerhalb unseres Gesichtskreises
Troxler, D. (1804) · Cited by 127 · see citing works
A predictive coding account of bistable perception - a model-based fMRI study
Weilnhammer, V., Stuke, H., Hesselmann, G., Sterzer, P., & Schmack, K. (2017) · PLOS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005536 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Perception and hierarchical dynamics
Kiebel, S. J. (2009) · Frontiers in Neuroinformatics · doi:10.3389/neuro.11.020.2009 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
An essentially complete class of admissible decision functions
Wald, A. (1947) · The Annals of Mathematical Statistics · doi:10.1214/aoms/1177730345 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
The active construction of the visual world
Parr, T., & Friston, K. J. (2017) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.08.003 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citationHohwy, J., Paton, B. K., & Palmer, C. J. (2015) · Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11097-015-9439-6 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Self-citationReward modulates perception in binocular rivalry
Marx, S., & Einhäuser, W. (2015) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/15.1.11 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Free-Energy and Illusions: The Cornsweet Effect
Brown, H. R., & Friston, K. J. (2012) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00043 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citationAre switches in perception of the Necker cube related to eye position?
Einhäuser, W., Martin, K. A. C., & König, P. (2004) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03722.x · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Precision and False Perceptual Inference
Parr, T., Benrimoh, D. A., Vincent, P., & Friston, K. J. (2018) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2018.00039 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationNeuroimaging of visual awareness in patients and normal subjects
Rees, G. E. (2001) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(00)00190-2 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Palmer, C. J., Paton, B., Kirkovski, M., Enticott, P. G., & Hohwy, J. (2015) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.1557 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationFrontoparietal Cortex Mediates Perceptual Transitions in Bistable Perception
Weilnhammer, V. A., Ludwig, K., Hesselmann, G., & Sterzer, P. (2013) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1418-13.2013 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Human visual exploration reduces uncertainty about the sensed world
Mirza, M. B., Adams, R. A., Mathys, C. D., & Friston, K. J. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0190429 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citationAttending to auditory signals slows visual alternations in binocular rivalry
Alais, D., van Boxtel, J. J. A., Parker, A., & van Ee, R. (2010) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/j.visres.2010.03.010 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Perception of stabilized retinal stimuli in dichoptic viewing conditions
Rozhkova, G. I., Nikolaev, P. P., & Shchadrin, V. E. (1982) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/0042-6989(82)90129-8 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Orbach, J., Zucker, E., & Olson, R. E. (1966) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1966.22.2.615 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Anterior insula reflects surprise in value-based decision-making and perception
Loued-Khenissi, L., Pfeuffer, A., Einhäuser, W., & Preuschoff, K. (2020) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116549 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Influence of emotional facial expressions on binocular rivalry
Bannerman, R. L., Milders, M. M., de Gelder, B., & Sahraie, A. (2008) · Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics · doi:10.1111/j.1475-1313.2008.00568.x · Cited by 55 · see citing works
With an eye on uncertainty: Modelling pupillary responses to environmental volatility
Vincent, P., Parr, T., Benrimoh, D. A., & Friston, K. J. (2019) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007126 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Self-citationSelective Peripheral Fading: Evidence for Inhibitory Sensory Effect of Attention
Lou, L. (1999) · Perception · doi:10.1068/p2816 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
The Computational Anatomy of Visual Neglect
Parr, T., & Friston, K. J. (2017) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhx316 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationIllusory color mixing upon perceptual fading and filling-in does not result in ‘forbidden colors’
Hsieh, P., & Tse, P. U. (2006) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/j.visres.2005.11.030 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Time course of eye and head deviation in spatial neglect.
Berger, M. F., Johannsen, L., & Karnath, H. (2008) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/a0013351 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Halligan, P. W., & Marshall, J. C. (1998) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1006/ccog.1998.0362 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Beyond the ‘Bayesian Blur’: Predictive processing and the nature of subjective experience
Clark, A. (2018) · Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Avoiding the "streetlight effect": tracking by exploring likelihood modes
Demirdjian, D., Taycher, L., Shakhnarovich, G., Grauman, K. L., & Darrell, T. (2005) · IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv.2005.41 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Visual space constructed by saccade motor maps.
Zimmermann, E., & Lappe, M. (2016) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00225 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
TMS Over the Intraparietal Sulcus Induces Perceptual Fading
Ryota Kanai, C., Muggleton, N. G., & Walsh, V. (2008) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.90885.2008 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Psychogenic Foreign Accent Syndrome
Keulen, S., Verhoeven, J., Page, L. D., Jonkers, R., Bastiaanse, R., & Mariën, P. (2016) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · Cited by 38 · see citing works
The Influence of Feedback on Task-Switching Performance: A Drift Diffusion Modeling Account
Hoffing, R. C., Karvelis, P., Rupprechter, S., Seriès, P., & Seitz, A. R. (2018) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2018.00001 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Slow Binocular Rivalry as a Potential Endophenotype of Schizophrenia
Xiao, G., He, K., Chen, X., Wang, L., Bai, X., Gao, L., Zhu, C., & Wang, K. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00634 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Factors governing the speed of color adaptation in foveal versus peripheral vision
Bachy, R., & Zaidi, Q. (2014) · Journal of the Optical Society of America A · doi:10.1364/josaa.31.00a220 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Perception of images of variable brightness fixed with respect to the retina of the eye
IARBUS, A. L. (1960) · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Autistic Traits Are Not a Strong Predictor of Binocular Rivalry Dynamics
Wykes, K. M., Hugrass, L., & Crewther, D. P. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00338 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Rozhkova, G. I., & Nikolaev, P. P. (2015) · Perception · doi:10.1177/0301006615594957 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Troxler Fading, Eye Movements, and Retinal Ganglion Cell Properties
Bachy, R., & Zaidi, Q. (2014) · i-Perception · doi:10.1068/i0679sas · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Accommodative control of retinal defocus during human infancy
Candy, T. R. (2005) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/5.12.6 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Attentional modulation of Troxler fading
Lleras, A., & Moore, C. M. (2010) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/1.3.69 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Clark A. Beyond the ‘Bayesian Blur’. J Consciousness Stud 2018; 25: 71– 87.
- Haynes J-D, Deichmann R, Rees G. Eye-specific suppression in human LGN reflects perceptual dominance during binocular rivalry. Nature 2005; 438: 496– 9. 16244649 PMC1351280
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Seth, A. K., & Bayne, T. (2022) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-022-00587-4 · Cited by 880 · see citing works
New directions in predictive processing
Hohwy, J. (2020) · Mind & Language · doi:10.1111/mila.12281 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Self-citationPredictive processing as a systematic basis for identifying the neural correlates of consciousness
Hohwy, J., & Seth, A. (2020) · Philosophy and the Mind Sciences · doi:10.33735/phimisci.2020.ii.64 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Self-citationCorcoran, A. W., Pezzulo, G., & Hohwy, J. (2020) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1007/s10539-020-09746-2 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Self-citationThe predictive global neuronal workspace: a formal active inference model of visual consciousness
Whyte, C. J., & Smith, R. (2021) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101918 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
From Generative Models to Generative Passages: A Computational Approach to (Neuro) Phenomenology
Ramstead, M. J. D., Seth, A. K., Hesp, C., Sandved-Smith, L., Mago, J., Lifshitz, M., Pagnoni, G., Smith, R. S., Dumas, G., Antoine Lutz, A., et al. (2022) · Review of Philosophy and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s13164-021-00604-y · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationCiaunica, A., Seth, A. K., Limanowski, J., Hesp, C., & Friston, K. J. (2022) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2022.103320 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationUnpacking the complexities of consciousness: Theories and reflections
Mudrik, L., Boly, M., Dehaene, S., Fleming, S. M., Lamme, V., Seth, A., & Melloni, L. (2025) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106053 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Evaluating the evidence for expectation suppression in the visual system
Feuerriegel, D., Vogels, R., & Kovács, G. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.002 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Neurofeedback through the lens of reinforcement learning
Lubianiker, N., Paret, C., Dayan, P., & Hendler, T. (2022) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2022.03.008 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Towards a pluralistic neurobiological understanding of consciousness
He, B. J. (2023) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2023.02.001 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Generative models for active vision
Parr, T., Sajid, N., Da Costa, L., Mirza, M. B., & Friston, K. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurorobotics · doi:10.3389/fnbot.2021.651432 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationMetzinger, T. K. (2024) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/15196.001.0001 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Pennartz, C. M. A. (2022) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113969 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Safron, A., & DeYoung, C. G. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819200-9.00010-7 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Integrated world modeling theory expanded: Implications for the future of consciousness
Safron, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncom.2022.642397 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Putica, A., & Agathos, J. A. (2024) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105836 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Consciousness science: where are we, where are we going, and what if we get there?
Cleeremans, A., Mudrik, L., & Seth, A. K. (2025) · Frontiers in Science · doi:10.3389/fsci.2025.1546279 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Is predictive processing a theory of perceptual consciousness?
Marvan, T., & Havlík, M. (2020) · New Ideas in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.newideapsych.2020.100837 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Slow Binocular Rivalry as a Potential Endophenotype of Schizophrenia
Xiao, G., He, K., Chen, X., Wang, L., Bai, X., Gao, L., Zhu, C., & Wang, K. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00634 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Active inference as a computational framework for consciousness
Vilas, M. G., Auksztulewicz, R., & Melloni, L. (2022) · Review of Philosophy and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s13164-021-00579-w · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Hohwy, J. (2021) · Review of Philosophy and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s13164-021-00578-x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationDuquette, P. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00433 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Be still my heart: Cardiac regulation as a mode of uncertainty reduction
Corcoran, A. W., Macefield, V. G., & Hohwy, J. (2021) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-021-01888-y · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationMultistability, perceptual value, and internal foraging
Safavi, S., & Dayan, P. (2022) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2022.07.024 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Inference as a fundamental process in behavior
Bartolo, R., & Averbeck, B. B. (2020) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2020.06.005 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Active inference, selective attention, and the cocktail party problem
Holmes, E., Parr, T., Griffiths, T. D., & Friston, K. J. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.038 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationNegro, N. (2024) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niae012 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Evers, K., Farisco, M., & Pennartz, C. M. A. (2024) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2024.103668 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Sandved-Smith, L., Bogotá, J. D., Hohwy, J., Kiverstein, J. D., & Antoine Lutz, A. (2025) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niaf016 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationRamstead, M. J. D., Albarracin, M., Kiefer, A. B., Klein, B., Fields, C., Friston, K. J., & Safron, A. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/6afs3 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Constrained Disorder Principle May Account for Consciousness
Sigawi, T., Hamtzany, O., Shakargy, J. D., & Ilan, Y. (2024) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci14030209 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Active Inference in Psychology and Psychiatry: Progress to Date?
Badcock, P. B., & Davey, C. G. (2024) · Entropy · doi:10.3390/e26100833 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
The Intermediate Scope of Consciousness in the Predictive Mind
Marchi, F., & Hohwy, J. (2020) · Erkenntnis · doi:10.1007/s10670-020-00222-7 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationPerceiving as knowing in the predictive mind
Munro, D. (2021) · Philosophical Studies · doi:10.1007/s11098-021-01702-4 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Plinio, S. D., Arnò, S., Perrucci, M. G., & Ebisch, S. J. H. (2020) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2020.102903 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Smith, D. H., & Schillaci, G. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.530560 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Bistable perception, precision and neuromodulation
Novický, F., Parr, T., Friston, K. J., Mirza, M. B., & Sajid, N. (2023) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhad401 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationOn the minimal theory of consciousness implicit in active inference
Whyte, C. J., Corcoran, A. W., Robinson, J., Smith, R., Moran, R. J., Parr, T., Friston, K. J., Seth, A. K., & Hohwy, J. (2026) · Physics of Life Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.plrev.2025.11.002 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationMechanisms of brain self-regulation: psychological factors, mechanistic models and neural substrates
Sitaram, R., Sánchez‐Corzo, A., Vargas, G. S., Cortese, A., El‐Deredy, W., Jackson, A., & Fetz, E. E. (2024) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2023.0093 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Contextual perception under active inference
Mirza, M. B., Cullen, M., Parr, T., Shergill, S. S., & Moran, R. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-95510-9 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationBayesian theories of consciousness: a review in search for a minimal unifying model
Rorot, W. (2021) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niab038 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Neuroscience and literacy: an integrative view
Ellis, G., & Bloch, C. (2021) · Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa · doi:10.1080/0035919x.2021.1912848 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Reclaiming saliency: Rhythmic precision-modulated action and perception
Meera, A. A., Novický, F., Parr, T., Friston, K. J., Lanillos, P., & Sajid, N. (2022) · Frontiers in Neurorobotics · doi:10.3389/fnbot.2022.896229 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationResilience phenotypes derived from an active inference account of allostasis
Harrison, L., Gracias, A. J., Friston, K. J., & Buckwalter, J. G. (2025) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1524722 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Universal Optimism of the Self-Evidencing Mind
Fisher, E. L., & Hohwy, J. (2024) · Entropy · doi:10.3390/e26060518 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationFields, C., Albarracin, M., Friston, K. J., Kiefer, A. B., Ramstead, M. J. D., & Safron, A. (2025) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niaf009 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationThe role of active inference in conscious awareness
Robinson, J., Corcoran, A. W., Whyte, C. J., Sárközy, A., Seth, A. K., Kovács, G., Friston, K. J., Pennartz, C. M. A., Tononi, G., & Hohwy, J. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0328836 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationNew methods, old questions: advancing the study of unconscious perception
Jimenez, M., Prieto, A., Montoro, P. R., Hinojosa, J. A., & Kiefer, M. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1626223 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Integrated World Modeling Theory (IWMT) RevisitedPreprint
Safron, A. (2019) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/kjngh · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Ramstead, M. J. D., Albarracin, M., Kiefer, A. B., Williford, K., Safron, A., Fields, C., Solms, M., & Friston, K. J. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/6eqxh · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationContext-sensitive conscious interpretation and layer-5 pyramidal neurons in multistable perception
Bachmann, T. (2025) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.70393 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Signal denoising through topographic modularity of neural circuits
Zajzon, B., Dahmen, D., Morrison, A., & Duarte, R. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.77009 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Safron, A., & Sheikhbahaee, Z. (2023) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-47958-8_6 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Neuroscience and Literacy: An Integrative ViewPreprint
Ellis, G., & Bloch, C. (2021) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0139.v3 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Corcoran, A. W., Haun, A. M., Dorman, R., Tononi, G., Friston, K. J., & Pennartz, C. M. A. (2026) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2026.106742 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationSolving the relevance problem with predictive processing
Darling, T., Corcoran, A. W., & Hohwy, J. (2025) · Philosophical Psychology · doi:10.1080/09515089.2025.2460502 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationParafoveal preview benefits magnified
Yao, B., Hand, C. J., Miellet, S., & Sereno, S. C. (2025) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2025.106149 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Hu, R., Li, S., Yuan, P., Wang, Y., & Jiang, Y. (2024) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.15099 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Parvizi-Wayne, D. (2024) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/b3h2e · Cited by 2 · see citing works
A minimal physiological model of perceptual suppression and breakthrough in visual rivalry
Whyte, C. J., Wilson, H. R., Shine, J. M., & Alais, D. (2026) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/jov.26.1.7 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Giraldi, E., Frosolone, M., Corcoran, A. W., Barca, L., Corsini, A., Donnarumma, F., D’Ausilio, A., & Pezzulo, G. (2026) · Imaging Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/imag.a.1178 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationDecoding Predictions and Violations of Object Position and Category in Time-resolved EEGPreprint
Whyte, C. J., Robinson, A. K., Grootswagers, T., Hogendoorn, H., & Carlson, T. A. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.04.08.032888 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Bayesian Brain: An Evolutionary Approach to Cognition
Jean Daunizeau, A. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819641-0.00149-3 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Predictive processing in neuroscience, computational modeling and psychology
Brucklacher, M., Lee, K., Moreni, G., Mejías, J. F., Bohté, S. M., & Pennartz, C. M. A. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820480-1.00201-1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Modelling and Measuring the Predictive Brain
Whyte, C. J. (2020) · The Sydney eScholarship Repository (The University of Sydney)
Neuroscience and Literacy: An Integrative ViewPreprint
Ellis, G., & Bloch, C. (2020) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0139.v1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Signal denoising through topographic modularity of neural circuitsPreprint
Zajzon, B., Dahmen, D., Morrison, A., & Duarte, R. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.01.10.475681
The Bayesian Brain hypothesis: an evolutionary approach to cognition?Preprint
Jean Daunizeau, A. (2022) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/vgw6q
The effect of short-term training on repetition probability effects for non-face objects
Li, C., & Kovács, G. (2022) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108452
THE UNDERLYING BIOMECHANICS OF OUR BRAIN
Young, J. H. (2023) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119767398.ch1
MINDING THE PORTFOLIO OF BELIEFS II
Young, J. H. (2023) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119767398.ch10
Young, J. H. (2023) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119767398.ch6
INTRODUCTION TO THE MBSAT PROGRAM: ESSENTIAL FOUNDATIONS TO MAKE YOUR MBSAT TRAINING EFFECTIVE
Young, J. H. (2023) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119767398.ch4
MINDING BETA IV ‐ ACTION IMPULSES
Young, J. H. (2023) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119767398.ch8
Young, J. H. (2023) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119767398.ch7
Young, J. H. (2023) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119767398.ref
MINDING THE PORTFOLIO OF BELIEFS III
Young, J. H. (2023) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119767398.ch11
THE MBSAT PROGRAM AND ITS DISTINCTIVE FEATURES
Young, J. H. (2023) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119767398.ch3
FREE ENERGY, ACTIVE INFERENCE AND THE PREDICTIVE BETA MIND IN MBSAT
Young, J. H. (2023) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119767398.ch2
(2024) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/15196.003.0041
Neural Systems in Learning and Memory
Rai, V. (2024) · BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS eBooks · doi:10.2174/9789815256987124010004
Motyka, P., Schwartzman, D. J., Seth, A. K., & Suzuki, K. (2025) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2025.103934
Early and Delay Phase Adaptation for Perceptual Dynamics in Binocular Rivalry: A Modeling Approach
Goto, H., Urakawa, T., Shioya, K., & Araki, O. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems · doi:10.1109/tcds.2025.3632387
Representationalism can connect neuroscience and philosophy
Kok, A. (2026) · Frontiers in Cognition · doi:10.3389/fcogn.2025.1623712
Recursive identity and ethical recognition in humans, robots, and AI
Sawyer, C. H. (2026) · AI & Society · doi:10.1007/s00146-026-02943-9
The Game of Self: Identity and Experience as Active Inference
Hirsh, J. B. (2026) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/10888683261422344
Beni, M. D. (2026) · Journal for General Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1007/s10838-025-09759-z
Perceptual multistability: a multifaceted window into brain dysfunctions.
Safavi, S., Rolland, D., Sterzer, P., Jardri, R., & Leptourgos, P. (2026) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2026.02.008
Ellis, G. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198950189.005.0001
Entropy and the free energy principle in psychopathology
Faccini, J., & Del-Monte, J. (2026) · New Ideas in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.newideapsych.2026.101265
- Authors
- Parr, T., Corcoran, A. W., Friston, K. J., & Hohwy, J.
- Affiliations
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (GB)
- Monash University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Parr, Thomas
- Venue
- Neuroscience of Consciousness
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2019-01-01
- Volume
- 2019
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- niz012-niz012
- ISSN
- 2057-2107 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6734140
- OpenAlex
- W2973013188
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 134
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 5.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Neuroscience of Consciousness (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Monash University Research Portal (Monash University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Rosetrees Trust (173346)
- Australian Government Research Training Program
- RTP
- Wellcome Principal Research Fellow (088130/Z/09/Z)
- Australian Research Council (DP160102770, DP190101805)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Embodied and Extended Cognition
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Philosophy and Theoretical Science
- Keywords
- perceptual awareness, active inference, perceptual uncertainty, saccades, attention, binocular rivalry, perception-action coupling, hypothesis testing, free exploration, visual perception
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
