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Cited by 761Leadership and Management in OrganizationsWorkplace Spirituality and LeadershipJob Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior

Defining and Measuring Servant Leadership Behaviour in Organizations

Sendjaya, Sen, Sarros, James C., Santora, Joseph C.·2008·Journal of Management Studies
DOI 10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00761.x
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Abstract

abstract This paper examines the development and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of servant leadership behaviour (Servant Leadership Behaviour Scale). Both qualitative and quantitative studies are reported to establish preliminary psychometric properties for the new 35‐item, six‐dimension measure. The resultant servant leadership model is characterized by its service orientation, holistic outlook, and moral‐spiritual emphasis, thereby extending current models of servant leadership and existing works on contemporary leadership approaches. Theoretical contributions, practical implications, and future research directions are discussed in the concluding section of the paper.

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Crossref · 10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00761.x

Cites

95 of 95 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • 2008 is significant in servant leadership research because the Sendjaya et al. and Liden et al. measures were published and the first publications using Ehrhart's measure appeared.

    “2008 is significant in servant leadership research as it when the Sendjaya, Sarros, and Santora (2008) and the Liden, Wayne, Zhao, and Henderson (2008) measures were published, and we saw the first publications using the Ehrhart's (2004) measure”

    From Servant Leadership: A systematic review and call for future research (2019) · cites this paper as Sendjaya, Sarros, and Santora (2008)

  • The intercorrelations between Sendjaya et al.'s dimensions ranged between .66 and .87, which is a matter of concern for the proposed multi-dimensional structure.

    “The intercorrelations between the dimensions ranged between .66 and .87, which is a matter of concern for the proposed multi-dimensional structure.”

    From The Servant Leadership Survey: Development and Validation of a Multidimensional Measure (2011) · cites this paper as Sendjaya et al. (2008)

  • Sendjaya et al.'s study does not provide information on the solidity of the hypothesized six-dimensional structure; they only tested the one-dimensionality of each of the six core dimensions separately.

    “Regretfully, their study does not provide information on the solidity of the hypothesized six-dimensional structure. The authors only tested the one-dimensionality of each of the six core dimensions separately.”

    From The Servant Leadership Survey: Development and Validation of a Multidimensional Measure (2011) · cites this paper as Sendjaya et al. (2008)

  • Sendjaya et al. introduced an instrument consisting of 35 items representing 22 characteristics divided over six scales.

    “A few years ago, Sendjaya et al. (2008) introduced an instrument consisting of 35 items representing 22 characteristics divided over six scales.”

    From The Servant Leadership Survey: Development and Validation of a Multidimensional Measure (2011) · cites this paper as Sendjaya et al. (2008)

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

3 of the 98 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 27

  1. Badaracco J. L., 2002, Leading Quietly
  2. Banks R., 2000, Faith in Leadership
  3. Blackaby H., 2001, Spiritual Leadership
  4. Blanchard K. H., 2003, The Servant Leader: Transforming Your Heart, Head, Hands and Habits
  5. Burns J. M., 1978, Leadership
  6. De Pree M., 1992, Leadership Jazz
  7. Ford L., 1991, Transforming Leadership: Jesus' Way of Creating Vision, Shaping Values and Empowering Change
  8. Getz G. A., 1984, Serving One Another
  9. Graham J. W., 1993, Commitment and covenantal organization, Journal of Managerial Issues, 5, 483
  10. Greenleaf R. K., 1977, Servant Leadership
  11. Hesse H., 1956, Journey to the East
  12. Jaworski J., 1997, Insights on Servant Leadership: Service, Stewardship, Spirit, and Servant Leadership
  13. Kurth K., 2003, Handbook of Workplace Spirituality and Organizational Performance
  14. MacCallum R. C., 1995, Structural Equation Modeling: Concepts, Issues, and Applications
  15. Maddock R. C., 1998, Motivations, Emotions, and Leadership
  16. Marshall T., 1991, Understanding Leadership: Fresh Perspectives on the Essentials of New Testament Leadership
  17. Minichiello V., 1995, In‐Depth Interviewing
  18. Nunnally J. C., 1978, Psychometric Theory
  19. Palmer P. J., 1998, Insights on Leadership: Service, Stewardship, Spirit, and Servant Leadership
  20. Pekerti A. A. Sendjaya S.andAyoko O. B.(2007).Follow the Servant Leader: The Mediating Role of Followers’ Affect Experiences in the Link Between Servant Leadership and Organizational Behavior. International Society for Research on Emotions Conference Sunshine Coast QLD.
  21. Pollard C. W., 1996, The Soul of the Firm
  22. Richards L., 2002, Introducing NVivo: A Workshop Handbook
  23. Sanders O. J., 1994, Spiritual Leadership
  24. Swindoll C. R., 1981, Improving Your Serve
  25. Tashakkori A., 1998, Mixed Methodology
  26. Wilkes C. G., 1998, Jesus on Leadership: Discovering the Secrets of Servant Leadership from the Life of Christ
  27. Wright W. C., 2000, Relational Leadership: A Biblical Model for Influence and Service

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Authors
Sendjaya, S., Sarros, J. C., & Santora, J. C.
Affiliations
  • Monash University (AU)
  • Thomas Edison State University (US)
Corresponding author
Sendjaya, Sen
ORCID
Sendjaya, Sen
Venue
Journal of Management Studies
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2008-03
Volume
45
Issue
2
Pages
402-424
ISSN
  • 0022-2380 (ISSN-L)
  • 1467-6486
DOI
10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00761.x
OpenAlex
W1527890691
Semantic Scholar
84d311076c7e2f127aa0b0fefa965301790df877
Cited by
761
References
98
Citations by year
2026: 39 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 73 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 45 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 33
FWCI
55.48
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 10 d)
Locations
Journal of Management Studies (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Leadership and Management in Organizations
  • Social Sciences › Demography › Workplace Spirituality and Leadership
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
Keywords
servant leadership, psychometric validation, service orientation, holistic leadership

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