Cited by 517Names, Identity, and Discrimination ResearchExperimental Behavioral Economics StudiesSocial and Intergroup Psychology

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Ethnic Discrimination in Germany’s Labour Market: A Field Experiment

Kaas, Leo, Manger, Christian·2012·German Economic Review

DOI 10.1111/j.1468-0475.2011.00538.x

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Abstract

Abstract This paper studies ethnic discrimination in Germany’s labour market with a correspondence test. We send two similar applications to each of 528 advertisements for student internships, one with a Turkish-sounding and one with a German-sounding name. A German name raises the average probability of a callback by about 14%. Differential treatment is particularly strong and significant in smaller firms at which the applicant with the German name receives 24% more callbacks. Discrimination disappears when we restrict our sample to applications including reference letters which contain favourable information about the candidate’s personality. We interpret this finding as evidence for statistical discrimination.

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“employed applicants (Kaas and Manger, 2012; Riach and Rich, 2002).”
The Effects of Multiple Stigmas on Discrimination in the German Housing Market
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“They more often attend lower-track schools (Heath et al. 2008; Dollmann 2016), have less chance to get internships due to discrimination (Kaas and Manger 2012), and face higher unemployment rates than natives (Bundesagentur für Arbeit 2014).”
Do Equal Qualifications Yield Equal Rewards for Immigrants in the Labour Market?
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“A large body of research conducted in various countries has highlighted discrimination for its role in depressing immigrants’ effective integration into the labour market (e.g. Carlsson, 2010; Drydakis and Vlassis, 2010; Fibbi et al., 2006; Heath and Cheung, 2007; Kaas and Manger, 2011; McGinnity and Lunn, 2011; Midtb…”
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“Similar results have been found for ethnic minorities in the Australian, Belgian, Norwegian, UK and US labour markets, to name a few (Booth, Leigh, and Varganova, 2012; Baert et al., 2015; Kaas and Manger, 2012; Drydakis and Vlassis, 2010; Midtbøen, 2016; Fibbi, Lerch, and Wanner, 2006; Woods et al., 2009; Riach and R…”
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“…level of access to relevant resources across ethnic origins (Portes and Rumbaut 1996; Portes 1998; Espinosa and Massey 1999; Sanders, Nee, and Sernau 2002; GonzálezEnríquez 2009); (ii) discrimination on the part of employers also appears to be a driver (Gill 1989; Moore 2010; Kaas and Manger 2012).”
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‘I have to be very good in what I do’. Marginalisation and discrimination in the career-entry phase – experiences and coping strategies among university graduates with a migrant background in Austria
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“Focusing on second-generation graduates of Turkish origin, Kaas and Manger showed for Germany that – in spite of excellent credentials – they were clearly less often given job offers than German applicants holding identical qualifications (Kaas and Manger 2010, 5ff).”
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“Experimental evidence, including a study from Germany (Kaas and Manger 2012), has suggested that immigrant applicants are much less likely to receive invitations to job interviews than are native applicants.”
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“Another way to complement the measurement of discrimination is to analyze the content of the responses from organizations (Kaas & Manger, 2012).”
BackgroundInfluential
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Authors: Kaas, L., & Manger, C.
Affiliations: University of Konstanz (DE)
Corresponding author: Kaas, Leo
Manger, Christian
ORCID: Manger, Christian
Venue: German Economic Review
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Published: 2012-02-01
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Pages: 1-20
ISSN: 1465-6485 (ISSN-L)
1468-0475
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0475.2011.00538.x
OpenAlex: W1906367169
Cited by: 509
References: 33
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 43 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 16
FWCI: 86.78
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm, 1308 d)
Locations: German Economic Review (publishedVersion)
KOPS (University of Konstanz) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Names, Identity, and Discrimination Research
Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Keywords: ethnic discrimination, employment discrimination, correspondence test, name-based discrimination, callbacks, student internships, firm size, letters of recommendation, statistical discrimination, Germany

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Ethnic Discrimination in Germany’s Labour Market: A Field Experiment

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