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Cited by 309Circadian rhythm and melatoninPancreatic function and diabetesDiabetes Treatment and Management

Melatonin, endocrine pancreas and diabetes

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Peschke, Elmar·2008·Journal of Pineal Research
DOI 10.1111/j.1600-079x.2007.00519.x
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Abstract

Melatonin influences insulin secretion both in vivo and in vitro. (i) The effects are MT(1)-and MT(2)-receptor-mediated. (ii) They are specific, high-affinity, pertussis-toxin-sensitive, G(i)-protein-coupled, leading to inhibition of the cAMP-pathway and decrease of insulin release. [Correction added after online publication 4 December 2007: in the preceding sentence, 'increase of insulin release' was changed to 'decrease of insulin release'.] Furthermore, melatonin inhibits the cGMP-pathway, possibly mediated by MT(2) receptors. In this way, melatonin likely inhibits insulin release. A third system, the IP(3)-pathway, is mediated by G(q)-proteins, phospholipase C and IP(3), which mobilize Ca(2+) from intracellular stores, with a resultant increase in insulin. (iii) Insulin secretion in vivo, as well as from isolated islets, exhibits a circadian rhythm. This rhythm, which is apparently generated within the islets, is influenced by melatonin, which induces a phase shift in insulin secretion. (iv) Observation of the circadian expression of clock genes in the pancreas could possibly be an indication of the generation of circadian rhythms in the pancreatic islets themselves. (v) Melatonin influences diabetes and associated metabolic disturbances. The diabetogens, alloxan and streptozotocin, lead to selective destruction of beta-cells through their accumulation in these cells, where they induce the generation of ROS. Beta-cells are very susceptible to oxidative stress because they possess only low-antioxidative capacity. Results suggest that melatonin in pharmacological doses provides protection against ROS. (vi) Finally, melatonin levels in plasma, as well as the arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) activity, are lower in diabetic than in nondiabetic rats and humans. In contrast, in the pineal gland, the AANAT mRNA is increased and the insulin receptor mRNA is decreased, which indicates a close interrelationship between insulin and melatonin.

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Authors
Peschke, E.
Affiliations
Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (DE)
Corresponding author
Peschke, Elmar
ORCID
Peschke, Elmar
Venue
Journal of Pineal Research
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2007-11-12
Volume
44
Issue
1
Pages
26-40
ISSN
  • 0742-3098 (ISSN-L)
  • 1600-079X
DOI
10.1111/j.1600-079x.2007.00519.x
OpenAlex
W2135912670
Cited by
309
References
192
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 33
FWCI
2.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • Journal of Pineal Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
Keywords
melatonin, insulin secretion, pancreatic beta cells, diabetes mellitus, circadian rhythm, clock genes, MT1 receptor, MT2 receptor, G protein-coupled receptor signaling, cAMP pathway, cGMP pathway, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, alloxan, streptozotocin, arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase, insulin receptor, pineal gland, pancreatic islets
MeSH terms
Insulin Secretion, Alloxan, Animals, Biological Clocks, Circadian Rhythm, Diabetes Mellitus, Free Radicals, Glucose, Humans, Insulin, Islets of Langerhans, Melatonin, Pineal Gland, Streptozocin, Signal Transduction, Receptors, Melatonin

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