The DOI matches its Crossref record; 56 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 64 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness‐Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain
Open accessAbstract
Though valuation processes are fundamental to survival of the human species, hedonic dysregulation is at the root of an array of maladies, including addiction, stress, and chronic pain, as evidenced by the allostatic shift in the relative salience of natural reward to drug reward observed among persons with severe substance use disorders. To address this crucial problem, novel interventions are needed to restore hedonic regulatory processes gone awry in persons exhibiting addictive behaviors. This article describes a theoretical rationale and empirical evidence for the effects of one such new intervention, Mindfulness‐Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE), on top‐down and bottom‐up mechanisms implicated in cognitive control and hedonic regulation. MORE is innovative and distinct from extant mindfulness‐based interventions in that it unites traditional mindfulness meditation with reappraisal and savoring strategies designed to reverse the downward shift in salience of natural reward relative to drug reward, representing a crucial tipping point to disrupt the progression of addiction—a mechanistic target that no other behavioral intervention has been designed to address. Though additional studies are needed, clinical and biobehavioral data from several completed and ongoing trials suggest that MORE may exert salutary effects on addictive behaviors and the neurobiological processes that underpin them.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
43 Not checked yet · 16 Own interpretation · 3 Own result · 2 Own method · 1 No basis given
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In a third pragmatic RCT (n = 180), participants with co-occurring substance dependence, traumatic stress, and psychiatric disorders were randomly assigned to participate in MORE (n = 64), CBT (n = 64), or treatment-as-usual in a therapeutic community (n = 52). MORE outperformed the CBT intervention with regard to reductions in drug craving, posttraumatic stress, and negative affect, and produced”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Clinical impact and biobehavioral mechanisms of MORE
plaindirectn = 64- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“In the first trial, MORE was tested as a treatment for alcohol-dependent adults (n = 53) in long-term residential treatment. The results indicated that, compared to a support-group control condition (n = 26), MORE (n = 27) was associated with greater reductions in perceived stress and thought suppression, as well as enhanced recovery of parasympathetically mediated heart rate variability (HRV)”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Clinical impact and biobehavioral mechanisms of MORE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [39] Garland EL Gaylord SA Boettiger CA Howard MO Mindfulness training modifies cognitive, affective, and physiological mechanisms implicated in alcohol dependence: Results of a randomized controlled pilot trial J Psychoactive Drugs 2010 42 2 177 192 20648913 PMC2921532 source
hedgedcorrelationaln = 27- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“MORE outperformed the CBT intervention with regard to reductions in drug craving, posttraumatic stress, and negative affect, and produced”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Clinical impact and biobehavioral mechanisms of MORE
plaindirectn = 64- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“MORE outperformed the CBT intervention with regard to reductions in drug craving, posttraumatic stress, and negative affect, and produced”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Clinical impact and biobehavioral mechanisms of MORE
plaindirectn = 64- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Thus far, MORE has been tested in three completed randomized controlled trials (RCTs).”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Clinical impact and biobehavioral mechanisms of MORE
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“as well as enhanced recovery of parasympathetically mediated heart rate variability (HRV) from stress and alcohol cue exposure at post-treatment.39”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Clinical impact and biobehavioral mechanisms of MORE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [39] Garland EL Gaylord SA Boettiger CA Howard MO Mindfulness training modifies cognitive, affective, and physiological mechanisms implicated in alcohol dependence: Results of a randomized controlled pilot trial J Psychoactive Drugs 2010 42 2 177 192 20648913 PMC2921532 source
plaincorrelationaln = 27- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“and were more likely to no longer meet criteria for opioid use disorder at post-treatment.40”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Clinical impact and biobehavioral mechanisms of MORE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [40] Garland EL Manusov EG Froeliger B Kelly A Williams JM Howard MO Mindfulness-oriented recovery enhancement for chronic pain and prescription opioid misuse: Results from an early-stage randomized controlled trial J Consult Clin Psychol 2014 82 3 448 24491075 PMC4076008 source
plaindirectn = 57- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“If neural reward circuits provide a basic logic for goal selection,26 sustained training in selective attention to natural rewards over drug rewards may provide the learning signal needed to reverse addiction and restore default reward-processing parameters back toward valuation of intrinsically proregulatory objects and behaviors.”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Transforming addiction through the synergy of mindfulness, reappraisal, and savoring
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [26] Shizgal P Hyman SE Motivational and addictive states Principles of Neural Science 5 New York McGraw Hill
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“This restructuring of reward processing may arise from restoration of the feedback loop between frontoparietal structures essential to metacognition and attention and limbic–striatal circuitry crucial to learning and motivation (Fig. 3).28”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Transforming addiction through the synergy of mindfulness, reappraisal, and savoring
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [28] Garland E Froeliger B Howard M Mindfulness training targets neurocognitive mechanisms of addiction at the attention-appraisal-emotion interface Name Front Psychiatry 2013 4 173 PMC3887509 24454293 source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Impairments in frontal-executive function prevent effective inhibitory control of overlearned, highly stereotyped, cognitive and behavioral repertoires for drug seeking and consumption, also known as automatic drug use action schemas, 15,16”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [15] Pierce RC Vanderschuren L Kicking the habit: The neural basis of ingrained behaviors in cocaine addiction Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2010 35 212 219 20097224 PMC2903634 source
- Not checked yetcites [16] Tiffany ST A cognitive model of drug urges and drug-use behavior: role of automatic and nonautomatic processes Psychol Rev 1990 97 147 168 2186423 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 9
- Probably not a substantial claim. 6
In the paper
“In a second trial, a modified version of MORE was tested as a treatment for prescription opioid misuse among chronic pain patients prescribed long-term opioid analgesics (n = 115). Compared with a support-group control condition (n = 58), participants in MORE (n = 57) evidenced greater reductions in pain, stress arousal, and opioid craving, and were more likely to no longer meet criteria for”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Clinical impact and biobehavioral mechanisms of MORE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [40] Garland EL Manusov EG Froeliger B Kelly A Williams JM Howard MO Mindfulness-oriented recovery enhancement for chronic pain and prescription opioid misuse: Results from an early-stage randomized controlled trial J Consult Clin Psychol 2014 82 3 448 24491075 PMC4076008 source
plaindirectn = 57- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Applying this theory to addiction,31 mindfulness may be used to interrupt drug-use action schema, which can then be consciously reconfigured in working memory to subserve adaptive goal pursuit (i.e., abstinence).”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Transforming addiction through the synergy of mindfulness, reappraisal, and savoring
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [31] McConnell P Froeliger BE Mindfulness, mechanisms and meaning: Perspectives from the cognitive neuroscience of addiction Psychol Inq in press PMC4766863 26924915 source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“while becoming increasingly sensitized to stress and dependent on drugs to preserve a dwindling sense of well-being.14”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [14] Koob GF Le Moal M Addiction and the brain antireward system Annu Rev Psychol 2008 59 29 53 18154498 source
plainconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Stress, negative affect, and pain provide additional interoceptive input to elicit drug use schemas and further dysregulate prefrontal control over automaticity,20–23 amplifying addictive behavior.24”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [20] Arnsten AFT Stress signalling pathways that impair prefrontal cortex structure and function Nat Rev Neurosci 2009 10 6 410 422 19455173 PMC2907136 source
- Not checked yetcites [21] Dias-Ferreira E Sousa JC Melo I Chronic stress causes frontostriatal reorganization and affects decision-making Science 2009 325 621 625 19644122 source
- Not checked yetcites [22] Shackman AJ Salomons TV Slagter HA Fox AS Winter JJ Davidson RJ The integration of negative affect, pain and cognitive control in the cingulate cortex Nat Rev Neurosci 2011 12 3 154 167 21331082 PMC3044650 source
- Not checked yetcites [23] Tiffany ST Drug craving and affect Substance Abuse and Emotion Washington, DC US: American Psychological Association 2010 83 108 source
- Not checked yetcites [24] Sinha R Chronic stress, drug use, and vulnerability to addiction Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008 1141 1 105 130 18991954 PMC2732004 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Though valuation processes are fundamental to survival of the human species, hedonic dysregulation is at the root of an array of clinical disorders, including addiction, stress, and chronic pain, as evidenced by the allostatic shift in the relative salience of natural reward to drug reward observed among persons with severe substance use disorders.”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [11] Volkow ND Fowler JS Wang G-J The addicted human brain viewed in the light of imaging studies: brain circuits and treatment strategies Neuropharmacology 2004 47 3 13 15464121 source
- Not checked yetcites [12] Alcaro A Panksepp J The SEEKING mind: Primal neuro-affective substrates for appetitive incentive states and their pathological dynamics in addictions and depression Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2011 21396397 source
- Not checked yetcites [13] Koob GF Le Moal M Drug addiction, dysregulation of reward, and allostasis Neuropsychopharmacology 2001 24 97 129 11120394 source
- Not checked yetcites [14] Koob GF Le Moal M Addiction and the brain antireward system Annu Rev Psychol 2008 59 29 53 18154498 source
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“According to the mindfulness-to-meaning theory,30 mindfulness meditation can be used to disengage from automatic schema into a metacognitive state of awareness in which attention expands to encompass previously unattended data from which new cognitive structures can be constructed through a process of memory reconsolidation.”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Transforming addiction through the synergy of mindfulness, reappraisal, and savoring
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [30] Garland EL Farb NAR Goldin P Fredrickson BL Mindfulness broadens awareness and builds eudaimonic meaning: A process model of mindful positive emotion regulation Psychol Inq 2015 26 4 293 314 27087765 PMC4826727 source
plainconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The relative imbalance of hedonic and aversive states and dysregulation in the cortico–limbic–striatal networks that instantiate them results in an overall reward-processing deficit that may propel the downward spiral of behavioral escalation toward compulsive drug seeking.”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Introduction
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“dual-process models posit that addiction results from dysregulation of bottom-up neural circuitry that codes for the salience of reward-related stimuli as well as impaired top-down frontal-executive brain circuitry that subserves cognitive-control processes, including proactive regulation of attention and emotion.”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Introduction
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Once adaptive cognitive and behavioral sequences have been constructed and practiced, they may be evoked with less effort and top-down cognitive control.”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Transforming addiction through the synergy of mindfulness, reappraisal, and savoring
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“it is not yet known whether MORE modulates universal and/or unique mechanistic targets, because the range of treatment conditions to which this intervention has been compared has been limited to date.”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Conclusion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Rests on an assumption: The range of treatment conditions against which MORE has been tested has been limited so far.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These mindful reappraisal and mindful savoring techniques represent complex sequences of emotion regulatory strategies, involving iterative admixtures of attentional orienting, appraisal, valuation, acceptance, cognitive broadening, and reappraisal.”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Transforming addiction through the synergy of mindfulness, reappraisal, and savoring
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the differential efficacy of these intervention components is unknown.”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Clinical impact and biobehavioral mechanisms of MORE
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Rests on an assumption: MORE combines mindfulness training with reappraisal and savoring techniques in one multimodal treatment.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In this respect, MORE may represent a significant advance in the application of contemplative science to clinical intervention.”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Transforming addiction through the synergy of mindfulness, reappraisal, and savoring
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“which were also correlated with reduced smoking, improved positive affect, and enhanced ventral striatal activation during savoring.”
§ Restructuring reward processing with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain > Clinical impact and biobehavioral mechanisms of MORE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [42] Eichberg C Mathew A Baddeley J Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE): A novel smoking-cessation treatment focused on cognitive reappraisal and the savoring of naturalistic rewards Poster Present Front Neurosci Charlest SC 2015
- Not checked yetcites [43] Froeliger B Mathew A Eichberg C Restructuring reward mechanisms in nicotine addiction: a pilot fMRI study of Mindfulness Oriented Recover Enhancement in cigarette smokers under review PMC5360937 28373890
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
No other behavioral intervention has been designed to reverse the downward shift in salience of natural reward relative to drug reward.
“representing a crucial tipping point to disrupt the progression of addiction, which no other behavioral intervention has been designed to do.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Extant MBIs use mindfulness to disrupt elaborative processing rather than to guide and potentiate it.
“extant MBIs ostensibly use mindfulness to disrupt elaborative processing rather than to guide and potentiate it.b”
The paper relies on this without support.
Many existing MBIs eschew an explicit focus on promoting evaluative processing and therefore do not directly or intentionally engage in restructuring of learned responses.
“While many existing MBIs use mindfulness to disrupt patterns of maladaptive associative learning, they eschew an explicit focus on promoting evaluative processing and therefore do not directly or intentionally engage in restructuring of learned responses.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Few of the mechanistic targets examined in the MORE research program have been studied in other behavioral addiction treatments.
“few of the mechanistic targets (e.g., reward responsiveness, addiction attentional bias) studied in the MORE research program have been explored in studies of other behavioral treatments for addiction (e.g., CBT, motivational interviewing).”
The paper relies on this without support.
The range of treatment conditions against which MORE has been tested has been limited so far.
“the range of treatment conditions to which this intervention has been compared has been limited to date.”
The paper relies on this without support.
MORE combines mindfulness training with reappraisal and savoring techniques in one multimodal treatment.
“MORE is a multimodal intervention that combines mindfulness training with reappraisal and savoring techniques”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“A parallel can be found in the use of somatically-informed approaches to support patients in recovery from addiction or in the long term management of chronic pain (Garland, 2016) and therapies delivered during depression remission, such as MBCT and WB-CT, encourage the regulation of negative affect via exposure to its somatic and cognitive features.”
From Static and treatment-responsive brain biomarkers of depression relapse vulnerability following prophylactic psychotherapy: Evidence from a randomized control trial (2022) · cites this paper as Garland, 2016
In the citing paper
“The restructuring reward hypothesis states that mindfulness may reduce addictive behavior by shifting the relative salience of drug and natural rewards from valuation of drug-related reward back to valuation of natural rewards that were salient before the development of addiction.”
From Mindfulness-based treatment of addiction: current state of the field and envisioning the next wave of research (2018) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“Though various conceptual models have been advanced [22, 23, 73], few tests of these specific neural hypotheses have been conducted.”
From Mindfulness-based treatment of addiction: current state of the field and envisioning the next wave of research (2018) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“there are data showing that cognitive remediation, including working memory training and mindfulness, can enhance reward processing in non-clinical populations with high trait social anhedonia (Li et al., 2016) and in prescription opioid abusers (Garland, 2016).”
From The effects of early life stress on reward processing (2018) · cites this paper as Garland, 2016
In the citing paper
“To our knowledge, interventions meant to target subclinical anhedonia or impairments in reinforcement learning in at risk populations have yet to be tested, however there is evidence for potential efficacy.”
From The effects of early life stress on reward processing (2018) · cites this paper as Garland, 2016
Citations
Cites
(1978) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 53,488
Eysenck, H. J. (1985) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(85)90087-7 · Cited by 32,038
Koob, G. F., & Volkow, N. D. (2010) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2009.110 · Cited by 5,340
Emotion regulation: current status and future prospects
Gross, J. J. (2015) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1080/1047840x.2014.940781 · Cited by 5,229
Handbook of Affective Sciences
(2002) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195126013.001.0001 · Cited by 5,113
Freedom of the Will and the Concept of a Person
Frankfurt, H. G. (1971) · The Journal of Philosophy · doi:10.2307/2024717 · Cited by 4,663
Henry, M. A. (1995) · The Journal of the American Dental Association · doi:10.14219/jada.archive.1995.0108 · Cited by 3,454
Stress signalling pathways that impair prefrontal cortex structure and function
Arnsten, A. F. T. (2009) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2648 · Cited by 3,299
Drug Addiction, Dysregulation of Reward, and Allostasis
Koob, G. (2001) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(00)00195-0 · Cited by 2,953
Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation
Lutz, A., Slagter, H. A., Dunne, J. D., & Davidson, R. J. (2008) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2008.01.005 · Cited by 2,659
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Garland E.L., 2013, Mindfulness‐Oriented Recovery Enhancement for Addiction, Stress, and Pain
- Cabanac M., 2010, Pleasures of the Brain, 113
- Garland E.L. A.Beck P.Hansen et al.2015.Integrated Mindfulness‐oriented recovery enhancement and physical health intervention for obese cancer survivors: preliminary results from a pilot randomized controlled trial. Poster presentation. 12th International Conference of the Society for Integrative Oncology. November 15 2015. Boston MA.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Mindfulness and Behavior Change
Schuman-Olivier, Z., Trombka, M., Lovas, D. A., Brewer, J. A., Vago, D. R., Gawande, R., Dunne, J. P., Lazar, S. W., Loucks, E. B., & Fulwiler, C. (2020) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000277 · Cited by 435
Garland, E. L., & Howard, M. O. (2018) · Addiction Science & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1186/s13722-018-0115-3 · Cited by 300
“Though various conceptual models have been advanced [22, 23, 73], few tests of these specific neural hypotheses have been conducted.”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe effects of early life stress on reward processing
Novick, A. M., Levandowski, M. L., Laumann, L. E., Philip, N. S., Price, L. H., & Tyrka, A. R. (2018) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.02.002 · Cited by 192
“Another example is specialized mindfulness training for addiction, which has been hypothesized to restructure associative learning and valuation of natural rewards via alterations to anterior cingulate and ventral striatal activity (Garland, 2016).”
BackgroundLi, W., Garland, E. L., McGovern, P., O’Brien, J. E., Tronnier, C. D., & Howard, M. O. (2017) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000269 · Cited by 204
“…Garland et al., 2014) conducted three RCTs that demonstrated therapeutic effects of MORE on addiction-related outcomes including substance misuse, craving, emotional distress, attentional bias, and hedonic regulation (see Garland, 2016 for a review of postulated therapeutic mechanisms of MORE).”
BackgroundSelf-citationGarland, E. L., Hanley, A. W., Goldin, P. R., & Gross, J. J. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0187727 · Cited by 163
Self-citationGarland, E. L., Hanley, A. W., Riquino, M. R., Reese, S. E., Baker, A. K., Salas, K., Yack, B. P., Bedford, C. E., Bryan, M. A., Atchley, R., et al. (2019) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000390 · Cited by 167
“According to the reward restructuring hypothesis (Garland, 2016), the effects of mindfulness training on reducing substance misuse may be mediated by increased positive affectivity and enhanced responsiveness to natural rewards.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationEtiology and Treatment of Pain and Psychosocial Issues in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Regueiro, M., Greer, J. B., & Szigethy, E. (2017) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2016.10.036 · Cited by 142
Garland, E. L., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2019) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.01.004 · Cited by 134
Self-citationArpacı, İ., Балоглу, М., Kozan, H. İ. Ö., & Kesici, Ş. (2017) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.8847 · Cited by 140
“Similar suggestions were made by Wahbeh and Oken [36], Garland et al [82], Black [83], Peltz and Black [84], and Garland [85].”
ResultLi, W., Garland, E. L., & Howard, M. O. (2018) · Journal of Addictive Diseases · doi:10.1080/10550887.2018.1442617 · Cited by 111
“formal mindfulness training with third-wave cognitive-behavioral therapy and principles from positive psychology (20,21).”
BackgroundSelf-citationGarland, E. L., Hanley, A. W., Kline, A., & Cooperman, N. A. (2019) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.07.007 · Cited by 105
“Consistent with the restructuring reward hypothesis (Garland, 2016), participants in MORE may have utilized savoring to magnify the craving reducing effects of positive emotions, thereby reducing the intensity of their cravings.”
BackgroundSelf-citationPriddy, S. E., Howard, M. O., Hanley, A. W., Riquino, M. R., Friberg-Felsted, K., & Garland, E. L. (2018) · Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation · doi:10.2147/sar.s145201 · Cited by 101
“Improved communication in this frontostriatal circuit may provide the means by which MBIs can restructure reward processes hijacked during the addictive process.(73) In this way, MBIs may strengthen a domain-general neurocognitive resource that can be used to modulate the automaticity, hedonic dysregulation, and stres…”
BackgroundSelf-citationGarland, E. L., Atchley, R., Hanley, A. W., Zubieta, J.-K., & Froeliger, B. (2019) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax1569 · Cited by 104
Self-citationEgan, H. H., O’Hara, M., Cook, A., & Mantzios, M. (2021) · Journal of Further and Higher Education · doi:10.1080/0309877x.2021.1912306 · Cited by 141
“However, it has been found that mindfulness is not in fact associated with a hedonic association (Garland 2016) that increases impulsive and unhealthy decision-making, but rather that mindfulness reiterates the notion that actions taken in the present moment have an impact on the future.”
BackgroundPrice, C. J., Thompson, E. A., Crowell, S. E., Pike, K., Cheng, S. C., Parent, S., & Hooven, C. (2019) · Substance Abuse · doi:10.1080/08897077.2018.1488335 · Cited by 94
Froeliger, B., Mathew, A. R., McConnell, P. A., Eichberg, C., Saladin, M. E., Carpenter, M. J., & Garland, E. L. (2017) · Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2017/7018014 · Cited by 83
“In contrast to other MBIs, MORE integrates mindfulness training with reappraisal and savoring skills designed to decrease valuation of drug reward and amplify natural reward processing, thereby disrupting the cycle of craving, maladaptive affect, and cognition underpinning addictive behavior [15, 23].”
Self-citationGarland, E. L., Bryan, C. J., Nakamura, Y., Froeliger, B., & Howard, M. O. (2016) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-016-4494-4 · Cited by 86
“Indeed, interventions that restructure reward processes by enhancing positive emotion regulation (e.g., Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement, see Garland 2016) may effectively remediate affective deficits among opioid-misusing patients and possibly attenuate addictive tendencies toward opioids.”
Self-citationGarland, E. L. (2021) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.03.019 · Cited by 85
Self-citationGarland, E. L., Bryan, C. J., Finan, P. H., Thomas, E. A., Priddy, S. E., Riquino, M. R., & Howard, M. O. (2017) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.07.033 · Cited by 71
“In light of such proposed hedonic (dys)regulatory mechanisms, interventions that promote positive emotions by enhancing natural reward processing may be especially efficacious for concurrent treatment of pain and opioid misuse (Garland, 2016; Finan and Garland, 2015; Navratilova et al., 2016).”
BackgroundSelf-citationParisi, A. B., Roberts, R. L., Hanley, A. W., & Garland, E. L. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01964-x · Cited by 68
“At the same time, MORE applies these techniques in an effort to reduce physical pain and psychiatric symptoms while enhancing well-being (Garland, 2016).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationArpacı, İ. (2019) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-019-00186-y · Cited by 71
“Individuals with a high score on abandonment schema experience insecure attachment relationships, particularly avoidant attachment to parents (Haaland et al. 2011).”
BackgroundA multi-group analysis of the effects of individual differences in mindfulness on nomophobia
Arpaci, I., Baloglu, & Kesici, Ş. (2019) · Information Development · doi:10.1177/0266666917745350 · Cited by 60
“These findings are in line with the contemporary literature on mindfulness and addiction (e.g., Garland, 2016; Peltz and Black, 2014; Black, 2014; Garland et al., 2013; Witkiewitz et al., 2014).”
ResultVerdejo‐García, A., Rezapour, T., Giddens, E., Zonoozi, A. K., Rafei, P., Berry, J., Caracuel, A., Copersino, M. L., Field, M., Garland, E. L., et al. (2022) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.16109 · Cited by 74
Self-citationCooperman, N. A., Hanley, A. W., Kline, A., & Garland, E. L. (2021) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108468 · Cited by 61
Self-citationHanley, A. W., de Vibe, M., Solhaug, I., Farb, N., Goldin, P. R., Gross, J. J., & Garland, E. L. (2021) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.3035 · Cited by 56
Self-citationMindfulness in Treatment Approaches for Addiction — Underlying Mechanisms and Future Directions
Rosenthal, A., Levin, M. E., Garland, E. L., & Romanczuk-Seiferth, N. (2021) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-021-00372-w · Cited by 54
“Taken together, these data provide support for the hypothesis of restructuring reward processing, which asserts that MBIs shift valuation from drug-related rewards back to natural rewards, and in so doing, reduce craving and addictive behavior [62].”
BackgroundSelf-citationZamboni, L., Centoni, F., Fusina, F., Mantovani, E., Rubino, F., Lugoboni, F., & Federico, A. (2021) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000001381 · Cited by 54
Garland, E. L., Howard, M. O., Zubieta, J.-K., & Froeliger, B. (2017) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000453400 · Cited by 50
Self-citationChildhood adversity and impaired reward processing: A meta-analysis
Oltean, L.-E., Șoflău, R., Miu, A. C., & Szentágotai-Tătar, A. (2022) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105596 · Cited by 50
Shomaker, L. B., Berman, Z., Burke, M., Annameier, S. K., Pivarunas, B., Sánchez, N., Smith, A. D., Hendrich, S. G., Riggs, N. R., Legget, K. T., et al. (2019) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2019.05.022 · Cited by 54
“…with the notion that restructuring of reward processing may be one neurobiological mechanism that underlies mindfulness-based interventions, such that reward sensitivity to palatable junk food becomes relatively less salient than alternative, healthier rewards (Garland, 2016; Volkow, et al., 2013).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialGarland, E. L., Baker, A. K., & Howard, M. O. (2017) · Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research · doi:10.1086/694324 · Cited by 47
“MORE is a multimodal intervention that unites complementary aspects of mindfulness training, “third wave” cognitive-behavioral therapy, and principles of positive psychology into an integrative, transdiagnostic therapy for addiction, stress, and pain (Garland, 2013, 2016).”
BackgroundSelf-citationEconomic Evaluations of Mindfulness-Based Interventions: a Systematic Review
Zhang, L., Lopes, S. S., Lavelle, T. A., Jones, K. O., Chen, L., Jindal, M., Zinzow, H. M., & Shi, L. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01960-1 · Cited by 60
“…opioid addiction and other substance misuse disorders (Haight et al., 2018), MBIs for those in recovery for substance misuse disorders, such as MBRP, have been developed and standardized to become a notable option to control addictive behaviors (Garland, 2016; Grant et al., 2017; Li et al., 2017).”
Hudak, J., Hanley, A. W., Marchand, W. R., Nakamura, Y., Yabko, B. A., & Garland, E. L. (2020) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-020-00831-4 · Cited by 49
“In turn, enhancing natural reward via mindfulness practice is theorized to restructure reward processing by shifting valuation of drug-related rewards back to valuation of natural rewards, and thereby reducing addictive behavior [53]—a contention supported by recent neurophysiological data in chronic opioid users [31].”
ResultSelf-citationCognitive mechanisms and therapeutic targets of addiction
Copersino, M. L. (2016) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.11.005 · Cited by 45
Beerse, M. E., Van Lith, T., Pickett, S. M., & Stanwood, G. D. (2020) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1177/1535370219883634 · Cited by 45
Li, W., Garland, E. L., O’Brien, J. E., Tronnier, C. D., McGovern, P., Anthony, B., & Howard, M. O. (2017) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-017-9765-8 · Cited by 47
“, the positive feedback loops between automatic addictive behavior, attentional bias toward addictive behavior-related stimuli, cue reactivity and craving, and thought suppression) (Brand et al. 2016; Garland et al. 2011, Garland et al. 2014b; Garland 2016; Goyal et al. 2014; Hofmann et al. 2010; Jha et al. 2007).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationGarland, E. L. (2020) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001988 · Cited by 36
“Given hedonic dysregulation of the reward system in opioid misuse, I previously proposed the reward restructuring hypothesis that posits that psychosocial interventions may increase responsiveness to natural rewards by shifting reward processing from valuing drug-related rewards back towards much greater valuing of na…”
BackgroundSelf-citationMindfulness-based interventions for addictions among diverse and underserved populations
Spears, C. A. (2018) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.12.012 · Cited by 34
Garland, E. L., Hanley, A. W., Bedford, C. E., Zubieta, J., Howard, M. O., Nakamura, Y., Donaldson, G. W., & Froeliger, B. (2018) · Journal of Addictive Diseases · doi:10.1080/10550887.2018.1459148 · Cited by 37
Self-citationThomas, E. A., Mijangos, J. L., Hansen, P. A., White, S., Walker, D., Reimers, C., Beck, A. C., & Garland, E. L. (2019) · Integrative Cancer Therapies · doi:10.1177/1534735419855138 · Cited by 36
“the allostatic shift in reward salience, which may in turn exert salutary effects on addictive behaviors and the neurobiological processes that drive them.(22) MORE has demonstrated therapeutic effects in disorders of appetitive dysregulation such as alcohol dependence,(31) illicit drug dependence,(32) opioid misuse,(…”
BackgroundSelf-citationAlizadehgoradel, J., Imani, S., Vahid, N., Vanderhasselt, M., Molaei, B., Salehinejad, M. A., Ahmadi, S., & Taherifard, M. (2021) · Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience · doi:10.9758/cpn.2021.19.4.653 · Cited by 29
“esses snatched during the addictive process [70].”
Riquino, M. R., Priddy, S. E., Howard, M. O., & Garland, E. L. (2018) · Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation · doi:10.1186/s40479-018-0088-6 · Cited by 28
“According to the restructuring reward hypothesis [74], savoring may counter hedonic hyporeactivity underlying opioid misuse by shifting valuation of drug-related rewards back to valuation of natural rewards.”
BackgroundSelf-citationMcConnell, P. A., Garland, E. L., Zubieta, J., Newman‐Norlund, R., Powers, S. E., & Froeliger, B. (2019) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/adb.12743 · Cited by 32
Self-citationCan a meditation app help my sleep? A cross-sectional survey of Calm users
Huberty, J., Puzia, M., Larkey, L., Vranceanu, A., & Irwin, M. R. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0257518 · Cited by 26
“Prior research, including systematic reviews, shows that mindfulness meditation programs are efficacious for reducing sleep disturbance [4, 8, 14, 15].”
BackgroundSchuman‐Olivier, Z., Goodman, H., Rosansky, J. A., Fredericksen, A. K., Barria, J., Parry, G. J., Sokol, R. G., Gardiner, P. M., Cook, B. L., & Weiss, R. D. (2025) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.54950 · Cited by 24
Short-term mindfulness practice attenuates reward prediction errors signals in the brain
Kirk, U., Pagnoni, G., Hétu, S., & Montague, R. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43474-2 · Cited by 23
Reward-related neural correlates of early life stress in school-aged children
Morelli, N. M., Liuzzi, M. T., Duong, J. B., Kryza‐Lacombe, M., Chad‐Friedman, E., Villodas, M. T., Dougherty, L. R., & Wiggins, J. L. (2021) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2021.100963 · Cited by 22
“…(i. e., subclinical anhedonia) or impairments in reinforcement learning through cognitive remediation techniques may be effective in reducing or even preventing adolescent psychopathology, presenting a potentially fruitful research direction based on this work (Garland, 2016; X. Li et al., 2016).”
BackgroundHsiao, Y.-Y., Tofighi, D., Kruger, E. S., Lee Van Horn, M., MacKinnon, D. P., & Witkiewitz, K. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-1023-z · Cited by 23
“…been proposed, including attentional control, emotion- and self-regulation, trait and state mindfulness, mindfulness practice, changes in brain function and structure, negative affect, and acceptance, among others (Garland, 2016; Hölzel et al., 2011; Hunter-Reel et al., 2009; Tang and Leve, 2016).”
BackgroundGarland, E. L., & Howard, M. O. (2018) · Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research · doi:10.1086/697685 · Cited by 22
“Together, results from the current study and earlier research demonstrating that MORE-induced increases in autonomic and electrocortical responses to natural rewards are associated with decreased opioid craving suggest that enhancing natural reward responsiveness through mindfulness may be a means of restoring adaptiv…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationLorenzetti, V., Gaillard, A., Beyer, E., Kowalczyk, M. A., Kamboj, S. K., Manning, V., & Gleeson, J. (2023) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-023-04789-7 · Cited by 24
Priddy, S. E., Hanley, A. W., Riquino, M. R., Platt, K. A., Baker, A. K., & Garland, E. L. (2018) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.040 · Cited by 19
Self-citationStruggling with Happiness: A Pathway Leading Depression to Gambling Disorder
Rogier, G., Picci, G., & Velotti, P. (2019) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-018-09825-w · Cited by 20
“In accordance with this, a recent mindfulness-inspired treatment for addiction has the central objective of restoring hedonic function through training the savouring capacities (Garland 2016).”
BackgroundMethodSalivary measurement and mindfulness-based modulation of prescription opioid cue-reactivity
Hanley, A. W., & Garland, E. L. (2020) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108351 · Cited by 19
Self-citationAn exploratory study of the role played by hedonic dysregulation in gambling disorder
Velotti, P., & Rogier, G. (2020) · International Gambling Studies · doi:10.1080/14459795.2020.1784977 · Cited by 18
“Also, we highlighted that several failures in regulation processes of positive emotions should be addressed in treatment for individuals suffering from GD. Specifically, Garland (2016) recommended training in savoring capacities for individuals suffering from substance use disorder.”
BackgroundInfluentialHanley, A. W., & Garland, E. L. (2021) · Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work · doi:10.1080/26408066.2020.1833803 · Cited by 16
Self-citationParisi, A. B., Hanley, A. W., & Garland, E. L. (2022) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2022.104066 · Cited by 18
Self-citationA Pilot Randomized Trial of a Mindfulness-Informed Intervention for Child Welfare-Involved Families
Brown, S. M., Bender, K. A., Bellamy, J. L., Garland, E. L., Dmitrieva, J., & Jenson, J. M. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-1001-5 · Cited by 21
Self-citationFarb, N. A. S., Desormeau, P., Anderson, A. K., & Segal, Z. V. (2022) · NeuroImage: Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2022.102969 · Cited by 16
“…found in the use of somatically-informed approaches to support patients in recovery from addiction or in the long term management of chronic pain (Garland, 2016) and therapies delivered during depression remission, such as MBCT and WB-CT, encourage the regulation of negative affect via exposure…”
Garland, E. L. (2024) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bcp.16147 · Cited by 18
“25 MORE is guided by the restructuring reward hypothesis , 26 – 28 which proposes that increasing sensitivity to natural rewards will decrease the pull of drug-related rewards to reduce addictive behaviour (e.g., opioid misuse or addiction).”
Self-citationCarlton, C. N., Antezana, L., Garcia, K. M., Sullivan‐Toole, H., & Richey, J. A. (2021) · Affective Science · doi:10.1007/s42761-021-00085-3 · Cited by 15
“Garland (2016) provided a theoretical model through which the effect of mindfulness-oriented recovery enhancement (MORE) on addiction, stress, and pain can potentially be understood as an aftereffect of restructuring reward processing.”
BackgroundBoness, C. L., Hasler, B. P., Sheehan, H., & Pedersen, S. L. (2022) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107348 · Cited by 17
Hanley, A. W., & Garland, E. L. (2019) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000725 · Cited by 18
“Second, both chronic pain and opioid exposure can lead to a persistent deficit in hedonic capacity, characterized by increased sensitivity to aversive states and insensitivity to natural rewards (27,28).”
BackgroundSelf-citationGarland, E. L., & Howard, M. O. (2021) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-020-05729-z · Cited by 17
“2014) which by virtue of their neurocognitive mechanisms (Garland et al. 2013; Garland 2016) are likely to enhance inhibitory control.”
BackgroundSelf-citationChai, J., Xiao, X., An, N., Liu, F., Liu, S., Hu, N., Yang, Y., Cui, Y., & Li, Y. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01942-3 · Cited by 17
“Mindfulness has been suggested to stimulate the reward system (Garland, 2016), which is dysfunctional in patients with negative symptoms, and improve anhedonia (Kirk & Montague, 2015).”
BackgroundMallik, D., Kaplan, J., Somohano, V. C., Bergman, A. L., & Bowen, S. W. (2021) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2021.1899220 · Cited by 15
“MBIs for SUD increase awareness of internal cues that trigger craving and relapse (Garland, 2016).”
BackgroundThe Mediation of Family Context and Youth Depressive Symptoms by Adolescent Emotion Regulation
LaMontagne, L. G., Diehl, D. C., Doty, J. L., & Smith, S. (2022) · Youth & Society · doi:10.1177/0044118x211067266 · Cited by 14
“Similarly, Garland (2016) posed that hedonic dysregulation underlies addictions as well as depression and both can be treated with mindfulness-based interventions.”
BackgroundShankland, R., Kotsou, I., Cuny, C., Strub, L., & Brown, N. J. L. (2017) · Happiness Studies Book Series · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-61810-4_6 · Cited by 14
Bernstein, R. M., Sánchez, N., Clark, E. L. M., Conte, I., Gulley, L. D., Legget, K. T., Cornier, M., Melby, C. L., Johnson, S. A., Lucas‐Thompson, R. G., et al. (2021) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101580 · Cited by 15
Garland, E. L., Recasens, M., Taple, B. J., Donaldson, G. W., & Weisberg, R. B. (2024) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1080/07853890.2024.2392870 · Cited by 14
Self-citationChronic non‐medical prescription opioid use and empathy for pain: Does pain make the difference?
Kroll, S. L., Thayer, J. F., Williams, D. P., Pfabigan, D. M., Baumgartner, M. R., Lamm, C., & Quednow, B. B. (2021) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.13776 · Cited by 13
Barrows, P. D., & Gordon, W. V. (2021) · Religions · doi:10.3390/rel12080586 · Cited by 12
Larsen, J. K., Hollands, G. J., Garland, E. L., Evers, A. W. M., & Wiers, R. W. H. J. (2023) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105408 · Cited by 12
Self-citationChung, Y. I., White, R., Geier, C. F., Johnston, S. J., Smyth, J. M., Delgado, M. R., McKee, S. A., & Wilson, S. J. (2023) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-023-01070-y · Cited by 11
“…Recovery Enhancement (MORE) that incorporates mental imagery have shown that it is effective for increasing both reward-related activation of the ventral striatum (i.e., ventral portions of the caudate nucleus and putamen) and positive affect (Froeliger et al., 2017; Garland, 2016).”
BackgroundThe Effects of Mindfulness-Based Intervention on Emotion-Related Impulsivity in Addictive Disorders
Parisi, A. B., Hudak, J., & Garland, E. L. (2023) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-023-00501-7 · Cited by 13
Self-citationCorman, M., Aubret, D., Ghazal, J., Berthon, M., Chausse, P., Lohou, C., & Dambrun, M. (2019) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2019.101525 · Cited by 6
Petrie, D. J., Knapp, K. S., Freet, C. S., Deneke, E., Brick, T. R., Cleveland, H. H., & Bunce, S. C. (2022) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.09.012 · Cited by 11
一方面, 不., & Hong, Z. (2022) · Advances in Psychological Science · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1042.2023.00274 · Cited by 9
“…生。研究发现，对过量进食的超重者进行 5.5 个月正念辅助进食控制训练后，相对于普通 干预组，自我报告更低的受奖赏驱动进食，并可依此预测其在干预一年后的体重下降趋势 (Mason et al., 2016)。此外，对 40 名女性分组进行正念注意引导和食物享乐属性引导的一 次干预后发现，正念组参与者报告饥饿感保持稳定但满足感提升，在干预后仅进食较少的…”
InfluentialBehavioral therapies targeting reward mechanisms in substance use disorders
Wardle, M. C., Webber, H. E., Yoon, J. H., Heads, A. M. B., Stotts, A. L., Lane, S. D., & Schmitz, J. M. (2024) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173787 · Cited by 10
Shi, Z., Li, X., Todaro, D. R., Cao, W., Lynch, K. G., Detre, J. A., Loughead, J., Langleben, D. D., & Wiers, C. E. (2024) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-024-03061-0 · Cited by 9
McCallion, E. A., Robinson, C. S. H., Clark, V. P., & Witkiewitz, K. A. (2020) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01323-8 · Cited by 11
Price, C. J., Pike, K. C., Treadway, A., Palmer, J. K., & Merrill, J. O. (2024) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-024-02463-x · Cited by 10
Chen, X., & Reed, P. (2022) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2022.101821 · Cited by 8
Parisi, A. B., Hudak, J., Froeliger, B., & Garland, E. L. (2023) · Nature Mental Health · doi:10.1038/s44220-023-00084-2 · Cited by 9
Self-citationBuddhism in Addiction Recovery
Wang, V., & Stone, B. M. (2022) · Encyclopedia · doi:10.3390/encyclopedia2010035 · Cited by 8
“Furthermore, the model of MBIs has influenced the treatment of addiction and substance use disorders, including the establishment of Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention (MBRP) [7], Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) [8], and other MBIs [9].”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Sleep-Reward-Pain Pathway Model: an Integrative Review
Reid, M. J., Climent‐Sanz, C., & Finan, P. H. (2022) · Current Sleep Medicine Reports · doi:10.1007/s40675-022-00232-7 · Cited by 7
The acute effect of mindfulness-based regulation on neural indices of cue-induced craving in smokers
Zheng, M., Hong, T., Zhou, H., Garland, E. L., & Hu, Y. (2024) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108134 · Cited by 7
Self-citationTreating Motivational and Consummatory Aspects of Anhedonia
Treadway, M. T. (2023) · FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.focus.20230008 · Cited by 8
Price, C. J., Pike, K. C., & Merrill, J. O. (2025) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112813 · Cited by 8
Hosseini, P. S., Saadi, Z. E., & Fard, R. J. (2023) · Journal of Health Reports and Technology · doi:10.5812/jhrt-136888 · Cited by 7
Wexler, R. S., Fox, D. J., ZuZero, D., Bollen, M., Parikshak, A., Edmond, H., Lemau, J., Montenegro, D., Ramirez, J., Kwin, S., et al. (2024) · PAIN Reports · doi:10.1097/pr9.0000000000001132 · Cited by 5
“29 Through external processing of meditation experiences through group discussion, participants are encouraged to engage socially, therefore increasing their engagement in mindfulness practice—a process that may augment both quantitative and qualitative outcomes.”
BackgroundVerdejo‐García, A., Rezapour, T., Giddens, E., et al. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.07.28.22278144 · Cited by 6
“The experts endorsed only four (of the initial 10) intervention regulation training, as previously proposed [55].”
BackgroundSelf-citationBecker, S., & Diers, M. (2016) · Der Schmerz · doi:10.1007/s00482-016-0149-y · Cited by 9
Behavior and Substance Addictions in Children
Belisle, J., & Dixon, M. R. (2020) · Pediatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2020.02.013 · Cited by 5
Dundas, I., Ravnanger, K., Binder, P.-E., & Stige, S. H. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.493349 · Cited by 5
Shim, M., Gaydos, M. F., Goldstein‐Levitas, N., Musalo, N., Prakash, N., Bradt, J., Zhang, F., Wenger, S., & Gonzalez, A. (2024) · Frontiers in Pain Research · doi:10.3389/fpain.2024.1281085 · Cited by 5
Chmiel, J., Malinowska, A., Rybakowski, F., & Leszek, J. (2024) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci14040320 · Cited by 10
“Garland’s concept of the restructuring reward hypothesis lays the groundwork for understanding how MBIs may counteract the allostatic effects of addiction on reward neurocircuitry [124].”
BackgroundNeurocircuitry of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Substance Use Prevention and Recovery
Kirlić, N., Cohen, Z. P., & Stewart, J. L. (2021) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-021-00396-2 · Cited by 6
Taylor, V. A., Smith, R. S., & Brewer, J. A. (2022) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s22145131 · Cited by 4
“This result is also consistent with the notion that the underlying mechanisms for which mindfulness influences behavior is by targeting reinforcement learning processes [8,17,19].”
ResultFritz, J. M., Rhon, D. I., Garland, E. L., Hanley, A. W., Greenlee, T. A., Fino, N. F., Martin, B. I., Highland, K. B., & Greene, T. (2022) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1093/pm/pnac138 · Cited by 10
Self-citationWang, V., Stone, B. M., Vest, N. A., & LaBelle, O. P. (2023) · Addiction Research & Theory · doi:10.1080/16066359.2023.2282531 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Garland, E. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Utah (US)
- Corresponding author
- Garland, Eric L.
- ORCID
- Garland, Eric L.
- Venue
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-04
- Volume
- 1373
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 25-37
- ISSN
- 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
- 1749-6632
- PMC
- PMC4940274
- OpenAlex
- W2314235134
- Semantic Scholar
- 3b563b826364d2a41471b02fa784420a0eb696c3
- Cited by
- 137
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 5
- FWCI
- 2.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) (R34DA037005)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement, reward processing, addiction, substance use disorders, cognitive control, cognitive reappraisal, savoring, natural reward, drug reward, stress, chronic pain, mindfulness meditation
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Reward, Stress, Psychological, Behavior, Addictive, Treatment Outcome, Meditation, Chronic Pain, Mindfulness
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-06, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-06 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
