Signal or noise: brain network interactions underlying the experience and training of mindfulness: Brain networks of mindfulness
Abstract
A broad set of brain regions has been associated with the experience and training of mindfulness. Many of these regions lie within key intrinsic brain networks, including the executive control, salience, and default networks. In this paper, we review the existing literature on the cognitive neuroscience of mindfulness through the lens of network science. We describe the characteristics of the intrinsic brain networks implicated in mindfulness and summarize the relevant findings pertaining to changes in functional connectivity (FC) within and between these networks. Convergence across these findings suggests that mindfulness may be associated with increased FC between two regions within the default network: the posterior cingulate cortex and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Additionally, extensive meditation experience may be associated with increased FC between the insula and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. However, little consensus has emerged within the existing literature owing to the diversity of operational definitions of mindfulness, neuroimaging methods, and network characterizations. We describe several challenges to develop a coherent cognitive neuroscience of mindfulness and to provide detailed recommendations for future research.
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The salience network is relevant to the experience and training of mindfulness, given its role in interoception and redirecting attentional resources.
“SN was relevant to the experience and training of mindfulness, given its role in both interoception and redirecting attentional resources (Mooneyham et al., 2016).”
From Enhanced Resting-State Functional Connectivity With Decreased Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations of the Salience Network in Mindfulness Novices (2022) · cites this paper as Mooneyham et al., 2016
There is no consensus regarding the defining criteria of mindfulness.
“to date, there is no consensus regarding the defining criteria of mindfulness (Mooneyham et al. 2016).”
From Awareness Versus Un-Clinging: Which Matters in Mindfulness? (2017) · cites this paper as Mooneyham et al. 2016
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Awareness Versus Un-Clinging: Which Matters in Mindfulness?
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- Authors
- Mooneyham, B. W., Mrazek, M. D., Mrazek, A. J., & Schooler, J. W.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
- Northwestern University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mooneyham, Benjamin W.
- Venue
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-04
- Volume
- 1369
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 240-256
- ISSN
- 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2315655179
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 93
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 0.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Institute of Education Sciences (R305A110277)
- John Templeton Foundation (52071)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Mind wandering and attention
- Keywords
- mindfulness, meditation, intrinsic brain networks, functional connectivity, default mode network, frontoparietal network, salience network, posterior cingulate cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, insula, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, network science
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Brain Mapping, Humans, Nerve Net, Meditation, Mindfulness
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