Cited by 67Gut microbiota and healthAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesOral microbiology and periodontitis research

Modulation of type 1 and type 2 diabetes risk by the intestinal microbiome: Role of gut microbiome in diabetes

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Paun, Alexandra, Danska, Jayne S.·2016·Pediatric Diabetes

Abstract

The prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes have both risen dramatically over the last 50 years. Recent findings point towards the gut microbiota as a potential contributor to these trends. The hundred trillion bacteria residing in the mammalian gut have established a symbiotic relation with their host and influence many aspects of host metabolism, physiology, and immunity. In this review, we examine recent data linking gut microbiome composition and function to anti-pancreatic immunity, insulin-resistance, and obesity. Studies in rodents and human longitudinal studies suggest that an altered gut microbiome characterized by lower diversity and resilience is associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Through its metabolites and enzymatic arsenal, the microbiota shape host metabolism, energy extracted from the diet and contribute to the normal development of the immune system and to tissue inflammation. Increasing evidence underscores the importance of the maternal microbiome, the gestational environment and the conditions of newborn delivery in establishing the gut microbiota of the offspring. Perturbations of the maternal microbiome during gestation, or that of the offspring during early infant development may promote a pro-inflammatory environment conducive to the development of autoimmunity and metabolic disturbance. Collectively the findings reviewed herein underscore the need for mechanistic investigations in rodent models and in human studies to better define the relationships between microbial and host inflammatory activity in diabetes, and to evaluate the potential of microbe-derived therapeutics in the prevention and treatment of both forms of diabetes.

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  • Age-related perturbations in the gut microbiome contribute to age-related pathological conditions including chronic inflammation, neurodegeneration, cognitive decline, and type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

    “Age-related perturbations in the gut microbiome have emerged as crucial factors contributing to age-related pathological conditions, including chronic inflammation,178 neurodegeneration,179 cognitive decline,180 and type 1 and type 2 diabetes.181”

    From Inflammation and aging: signaling pathways and intervention therapies (2023) · cites this paper as [181]

    Citation 181 is attached to the type 1 and type 2 diabetes portion of the sentence. The Abstract links altered gut microbiome composition with risk of both, but it does not establish that age-related microbiome changes cause age-related diabetes; its discussion of life-stage changes focuses on infancy and childhood. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.87)

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  1. Smith PM, Howitt MR, Panikov N, et al. The microbial metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, regulate colonic Treg cell homeostasis. Sci- ence. 2013;341:569-573.

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Authors
Paun, A., & Danska, J. S.
Affiliations
University of Toronto (CA)
Corresponding author
Danska, Jayne S.
Venue
Pediatric Diabetes
Published
2016-08-03
Volume
17
Issue
7
Pages
469-477
ISSN
1399-543X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2507252508
Cited by
67
References
104
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 1
FWCI
0.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Pediatric Diabetes (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Keywords
gut microbiota, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, obesity, autoimmunity, maternal microbiome, mode of delivery, microbiome diversity, inflammation, gut microbiota metabolites, microbiota-based therapy
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Disease Susceptibility, Humans, Inflammation, Obesity, Risk Factors, Autoimmunity

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