No Difference Between the Effects of Supplementing With Soy Protein Versus Animal Protein on Gains in Muscle Mass and Strength in Response to Resistance Exercise

Messina, Mark; Lynch, Heidi; Dickinson, Jared M.; Reed, Katharine E.

doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0071

Cited by 120Muscle metabolism and nutritionSports Performance and TrainingNutrition and Health in Aging

No Difference Between the Effects of Supplementing With Soy Protein Versus Animal Protein on Gains in Muscle Mass and Strength in Response to Resistance Exercise

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Messina, Mark, Lynch, Heidi, Dickinson, Jared M., Reed, Katharine E.·2018·International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

DOI 10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0071

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Abstract

Much attention has been given to determining the influence of total protein intake and protein source on gains in lean body mass (LBM) and strength in response to resistance exercise training (RET). Acute studies indicate that whey protein, likely related to its higher leucine content, stimulates muscle protein synthesis to a greater extent than proteins such as soy and casein. Less clear is the extent to which the type of protein supplemented impacts strength and LBM in long-term studies (≥6 weeks). Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to compare the effect of supplementation with soy protein to animal protein supplementation on strength and LBM in response to RET. Nine studies involving 266 participants suitable for inclusion in the meta-analysis were identified. Five studies compared whey with soy protein, and four studies compared soy protein with other proteins (beef, milk, or dairy protein). Meta-analysis showed that supplementing RET with whey or soy protein resulted in significant increases in strength but found no difference between groups (bench press: χ 2 = 0.02, p = .90; squat: χ 2 = 0.22, p = .64). There was no significant effect of whey or soy alone (n = 5) on LBM change and no differences between groups (χ 2 = 0.00, p = .96). Strength and LBM both increased significantly in the “other protein” and the soy groups (n = 9), but there were no between-group differences (bench: χ 2 = 0.02, p = .88; squat: χ 2 = 0.78, p = .38; and LBM: χ 2 = 0.06, p = .80). The results of this meta-analysis indicate that soy protein supplementation produces similar gains in strength and LBM in response to RET as whey protein.

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Messina et al. demonstrated that both soy and animal protein produced significant increases in strength in response to RET, with no difference between protein groups.
“Messina et al., who demonstrated that both soy and animal protein (whey, beef and dairy) produced significant increases in strength (1-RM bench press and 1-RM squat) in response to RET, with no difference between protein groups [23].”
From Animal Protein versus Plant Protein in Supporting Lean Mass and Muscle Strength: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (2021) · cites this paper as [23]
A meta-analysis of nine resistance-training studies with 266 participants found no differences between soy protein and animal proteins for improvements in bench press strength, squat/leg press strength, or lean body mass outcomes.
“There were no differences between soy protein and the animal proteins for improvements in bench press strength, squat/leg press strength, or lean body mass outcomes.”
From Plant Proteins: Assessing Their Nutritional Quality and Effects on Health and Physical Function (2020) · cites this paper as [120]

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Plant Proteins: Assessing Their Nutritional Quality and Effects on Health and Physical Function
Hertzler, S. R., Lieblein-Boff, J. C., Weiler, M., & Allgeier, C. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12123704 · Cited by 594 · see citing works
Animal Protein versus Plant Protein in Supporting Lean Mass and Muscle Strength: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Lim, M. T., Pan, B. J., Toh, D. W. K., Sutanto, C. N., & Kim, J. E. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13020661 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
“A recent meta-analysis concluded that soy protein resulted in similar muscle mass and strength gains as animal protein [23], but the authors did not investigate the use of other plant proteins or stratify their analyses according to age.”
Background
High-Protein Plant-Based Diet Versus a Protein-Matched Omnivorous Diet to Support Resistance Training Adaptations: A Comparison Between Habitual Vegans and Omnivores
Hevia-Larraín, V., Gualano, B., Longobardi, I., Gil, S., Fernandes, A. L., Costa, L. A. R., Pereira, R. M. R., Artioli, G. G., Phillips, S. M., & Roschel, H. (2021) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-021-01434-9 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Perspective: Soy-based Meat and Dairy Alternatives, Despite Classification as Ultra-processed Foods, Deliver High-quality Nutrition on Par with Unprocessed or Minimally Processed Animal-based Counterparts
Messina, M. J., Sievenpiper, J. L., Williamson, P., Kiel, J., & Erdman, J. W. (2022) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmac026 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Self-citation
Legumes: A Vehicle for Transition to Sustainability
Yanni, A. E., Iakovidi, S., Vasilikopoulou, E., & Karathanos, V. Τ. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16010098 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Protein Source and Muscle Health in Older Adults: A Literature Review
Putra, C., Konow, N., Gage, M. J., York, C., & Mangano, K. M. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13030743 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Nutrition Recommendations for Bodybuilders in the Off-Season: A Narrative Review
Iraki, J., Fitschen, P. J., Espinar, S., & Helms, E. R. (2019) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports7070154 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Neither soyfoods nor isoflavones warrant classification as endocrine disruptors: a technical review of the observational and clinical data
Messina, M. J., Mejía, S. B., Cassidy, A., Duncan, A. M., Kurzer, M. S., Nagato, C., Ronis, M. J. J., Rowland, I. R., Sievenpiper, J. L., & Barnes, S. (2021) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2021.1895054 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Self-citation
The health effects of soy: A reference guide for health professionals
Messina, M. J., Duncan, A. M., Messina, V., Lynch, H. M., Kiel, J., & Erdman, J. W. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.970364 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
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Benefits of a plant-based diet and considerations for the athlete
Shaw, K. A., Zello, G. A., Rodgers, C. D., Warkentin, T. D., Baerwald, A., & Chilibeck, P. D. (2022) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-022-04902-w · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Neither soy nor isoflavone intake affects male reproductive hormones: An expanded and updated meta-analysis of clinical studies
Reed, K. E., Camargo, J. T., Hamilton‐Reeves, J. M., Kurzer, M. S., & Messina, M. J. (2020) · Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.12.019 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citation
Plant-based food patterns to stimulate muscle protein synthesis and support muscle mass in humans: a narrative review
Nichele, S., Phillips, S. M., & Boaventura, B. C. B. (2022) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2021-0806 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Protein and Sport: Alternative Sources and Strategies for Bioactive and Sustainable Sports Nutrition
López-Martínez, M. I., Miguel, M., & Garcés‐Rimón, M. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.926043 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
No Significant Differences in Muscle Growth and Strength Development When Consuming Soy and Whey Protein Supplements Matched for Leucine Following a 12 Week Resistance Training Program in Men and Women: A Randomized Trial
Lynch, H. M., Buman, M. P., Dickinson, J. M., Ransdell, L. B., Johnston, C. S., & Wharton, C. M. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17113871 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citation
Perspective: Plant-Based Meat Alternatives Can Help Facilitate and Maintain a Lower Animal to Plant Protein Intake Ratio
Messina, M. J., Duncan, A. M., Glenn, A. J., & Mariotti, F. (2023) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2023.03.003 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citation
Effect of Soy Protein Supplementation on Muscle Adaptations, Metabolic and Antioxidant Status, Hormonal Response, and Exercise Performance of Active Individuals and Athletes: A Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials
Zare, R., Devrim-Lanpir, A., Guazzotti, S., Redha, A. A., Prokopidis, K., Spadaccini, D., Cannataro, R., Cione, E., Henselmans, M., & Aragon, A. A. (2023) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-023-01899-w · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Dietary patterns and intrinsic capacity among community-dwelling older adults: a 3-year prospective cohort study
Huang, C. H., Okada, K., Matsushita, E., Uno, C., Satake, S., Martins, B. A., & Kuzuya, M. (2021) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-021-02505-3 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Health Functions of Egg Protein
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Is There Scope for a Novel Mycelium Category of Proteins alongside Animals and Plants?
Derbyshire, E. J. (2020) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods9091151 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Comparative Efficacy of Different Protein Supplements on Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Indices of Sarcopenia among Community-Dwelling, Hospitalized or Institutionalized Older Adults Undergoing Resistance Training: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Liao, C.-D., Huang, S.-W., Chen, H.-C., Huang, M.-H., Liou, T.-H., & Lin, C.-L. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16070941 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Daily Supplementation With Whey, Soy, or Whey-Soy Blended Protein for 6 Months Maintained Lean Muscle Mass and Physical Performance in Older Adults With Low Lean Mass
Li, C., Meng, H., Wu, S., Fang, A., Liao, G., Tan, X., Chen, P., Wang, X., Chen, S., & Zhu, H. (2021) · Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1016/j.jand.2021.01.006 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Effect of Plant Versus Animal Protein on Muscle Mass, Strength, Physical Performance, and Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Reid-McCann, R., Brennan, S., Ward, N. A., Logan, D., McKinley, M. C., & McEvoy, C. T. (2024) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuae200 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
The effect of animal versus plant protein on muscle mass, muscle strength, physical performance and sarcopenia in adults: protocol for a systematic review
Reid-McCann, R., Brennan, S., McKinley, M. C., & McEvoy, C. T. (2022) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-022-01951-2 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Evolution of the use of sports supplements
Alonso, M. R., & Fernández‐Garcia, B. (2020) · PharmaNutrition · doi:10.1016/j.phanu.2020.100239 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The rheological characteristics of soy protein isolate-glucose conjugate gel during simulated gastrointestinal digestion
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Effects of Plant-Based Protein Interventions, with and without an Exercise Component, on Body Composition, Strength and Physical Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Stoodley, I. L., Williams, L. M., & Wood, L. G. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15184060 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Dietary diversity and possible sarcopenia among older people in China: a nationwide population-based study
Du, Q., Lu, Y., Hu, F., Feng, X. L., Zhang, Y., Li, S., Zhang, C., Zhang, H., Zeng, Y., Yao, Y., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1218453 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Perspective: Isoflavones—Intriguing Molecules but Much Remains to Be Learned about These Soybean Constituents
Messina, M. J., Barnes, S., & Setchell, K. D. R. (2025) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100418 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citation
Placing a Well-Designed Vegan Diet for Slovenes
Jakše, B. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13124545 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Effects of probiotic supplementation on performance of resistance and aerobic exercises: a systematic review
de Paiva, A. K. F., de Oliveira, E. P., Mancin, L., Paoli, A., & Mota, J. F. (2022) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuac046 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Vegetarian Nutrition in Chronic Kidney Disease
Narasaki, Y., Kalantar‐Zadeh, K., Rhee, C. M., Brunori, G., & Zarantonello, D. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16010066 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
The effects of glucagon and the target of rapamycin (TOR) on skeletal muscle protein synthesis and age-dependent sarcopenia in humans
Adeva‐Andany, M. M., Fernández‐Fernández, C., López-Pereiro, Y., Calvo‐Castro, I., & Carneiro-Freire, N. (2021) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.06.025 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Skeletal muscle properties and vascular function do not differ between healthy, young vegan and omnivorous men
Page, J., Erskine, R. M., & Hopkins, N. D. (2021) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2021.1923814 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Whey Protein Supplementation Is Superior to Leucine-Matched Collagen Peptides to Increase Muscle Thickness During a 10-Week Resistance Training Program in Untrained Young Adults
Jacinto, J. L., Nunes, J. P., Gorissen, S. H. M., Capel, D. M. G., Bernardes, A. G., Ribeiro, A. S., Cyrino, E. S., Phillips, S. M., & Aguiar, A. F. (2022) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2021-0265 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Plant-Based Proteins, Peptides and Amino Acids in Food Products Dedicated for Sportspeople—A Narrative Review of the Literature
Kostrakiewicz-Gierałt, K. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16111706 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The Effect of Plant-Based Protein Ingestion on Athletic Ability in Healthy People—A Bayesian Meta-Analysis with Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Zhao, S., Xu, Y., Liu, J., & Ning, Z. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16162748 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Protein – a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023
Geirsdóttir, Ó. G., & Pajari, A. (2023) · Food & Nutrition Research · doi:10.29219/fnr.v67.10261 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Effect of high plant protein/peptide nutrition supplementation on knee osteoarthritis in older adults with sarcopenia: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Wu, Q., Xu, Z., Huang, W., Qi, X., Wu, J., Du, J., & Kan, J. (2024) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2024.07.037 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Impact of dietary protein intake on the incidence of low muscle strength in middle-aged and older adults
Kim, H.-N., Kim, S., Eun, Y., & Song, S.-W. (2021) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2021.02.034 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Pea Peptide Supplementation in Conjunction With Resistance Exercise Promotes Gains in Muscle Mass and Strength
Jia, S., Wu, Q., Wang, S., Kan, J., Zhang, Z., Zhang, X., Zhang, X., Li, J., Xu, W., Du, J., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.878229 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Six Weeks of Aerobic Exercise in Untrained Men With Overweight/Obesity Improved Training Adaptations, Performance and Body Composition Independent of Oat/Potato or Milk Based Protein-Carbohydrate Drink Supplementation
Pettersson, S., Edin, F., Hjelte, C., Scheinost, D., Wagner, S., Ekblom, B. T., Jessen, N., Madsen, K., & Andersson-Hall, U. K. (2021) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.617344 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Protein Requirements for Maximal Muscle Mass and Athletic Performance Are Achieved with Completely Plant-Based Diets Scaled to Meet Energy Needs: A Modeling Study in Professional American Football Players
Goldman, D., Warbeck, C. B., & Karlsen, M. C. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16121903 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Underpowered studies in muscle metabolism research: Determinants and considerations
Houtvast, D. C. J., Betz, M. W., Hooren, B. V., Vanbelle, S., Verdijk, L. B., van Loon, L. J. C., & Trommelen, J. (2024) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.152 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
The effect of protein intake on athletic performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Zhao, S., Zhang, H., Xu, Y., Liu, J., Du, S., & Ning, Z. (2024) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1455728 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Gut Microbiome and Metabolome Variations in Self-Identified Muscle Builders Who Report Using Protein Supplements
Byerley, L. O., Gallivan, K. M., Christopher, C. J., Taylor, C. M., Luo, M., Dowd, S. E., Davis, G. M., Castro, H. F., Campagna, S. R., & Ondrak, K. S. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14030533 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Soy Protein: Environmental Impacts, Production, Applications and Nutrition
Thrane, M., Krieger, T. M., Zhang, X., Braun, M. M., Hwang, D.-C., Paulsen, P., & Orcutt, M. W. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91652-3.00003-4 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Shifting Trend of Protein Consumption in Southeast Asia: Toward Health, Innovation, and Sustainability
Tjahyo, A. S., Wu, J. Y., Smith, G., Acuin, C. S., Maier, A. B., Sim, S. Y. J., Taneja, R., Haldar, S., & Henry, C. J. (2024) · Current Developments in Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104443 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Health and functional advantages of cheese containing soy protein and soybean-derived casein
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Self-citation
Gut microbiota modulation and amino acid absorption by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10 in pea protein ingestion
Lee, M., Chiu, C., Liao, Y.-C., Cheng, Y.-C., Lee, C., Ho, C.-S., Hsu, Y.-J., Chang, H.-Y., Lin, J., & Huang, C. (2024) · Current Research in Food Science · doi:10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100917 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Postprandial Aminoacidemia Following the Ingestion of Alternative and Sustainable Proteins in Humans: A Narrative Review
Yimam, M. A., Andreini, M., Carnevale, S., & Muscaritoli, M. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17020211 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Completely Plant-Based Diets That Meet Energy Requirements for Resistance Training Can Supply Enough Protein and Leucine to Maximize Hypertrophy and Strength in Male Bodybuilders: A Modeling Study
Goldman, D., Warbeck, C. B., & Karlsen, M. C. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16081122 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Nutrient Composition of Four Dietary Patterns in Italy: Results from an Online Survey (the INVITA Study)
Baroni, L., Bonetto, C., Rizzo, G., Galchenko, A. V., Guidi, G., Visaggi, P., Savarino, E. V., Zavoli, M., & de Bortoli, N. (2024) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods13132103 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Nutritive Benefits of Soybean (Glycine max)
Amol, V., Bhati, K. R., & Bhati, K. R. (2021) · The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.21048/ijnd.2021.58.4.27339 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Soy Food Consumption Is Inversely Associated with Handgrip Strength: Results from the TCLSIH Cohort Study
Wu, H., Quan, J., Wang, X., Gu, Y., Zhang, S., Meng, G., Zhang, Q., Liu, L., Wang, X., Sun, S., et al. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15020391 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The Effect of Soy and Whey Protein Supplementation on Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Normal Weight Asian Indians
Sambashivaiah, S., Cope, M. B., Mukherjea, R., Selvam, S., George, N., Kuriyan, R., & Kurpad, A. V. (2023) · Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1155/2023/2622057 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Association between plant protein intake and grip strength in Koreans aged 50 years or older: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016–2018
Jun, S.-H., Lee, J.-W., Shin, W., Lee, S., & Kim, Y. (2023) · Nutrition Research and Practice · doi:10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.969 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Knowledge of gym goers on myths and truths in resistance training
Unger, A., Mosgan, C., Wolte, C., Pettauer, S., & Wilke, J. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-87485-8 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Going Vegan for the Gain: A Cross-Sectional Study of Vegan Diets in Bodybuilders during Different Preparation Phases
Amatori, S., Callarelli, C., Gobbi, E., Bertuccioli, A., Zeppa, S. D., Sisti, D., Rocchi, M., & Perroni, F. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20065187 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Plant protein, fibre and physical activity solutions to address poor appetite and prevent undernutrition in older adults: study protocol for the APPETITE randomised controlled trial
Horner, K. M., Mullen, B., Quinn, A., Scheufele, P., Gola, S., Gonnelli, F., Bozzato, M., Pratt, J., Sala, W., Mullin, S. M., et al. (2024) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114524002125 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Effects of soy milk ingestion immediately after resistance training on muscular-related biomarkers in older males: a randomized controlled trial
Moghadam, B. H., Johne, M., Golestani, F., Lorenz, K., Asad, M., Maculewicz, E., & Mastalerz, А. (2023) · Biology of Sport · doi:10.5114/biolsport.2023.123894 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Association between dietary protein intake and skeletal muscle mass in older Korean adults
Kim, H., & Song, S.-W. (2021) · European Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1007/s41999-021-00530-3 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Alternative protein sources and healthy skeletal muscle aging: A narrative review
Dai, Z., Zhao, Y., Ke, Y., Huang, J., Zhu, J., Wu, H., Yang, Y., Shang, H., & Xia, Z. (2025) · Journal of Functional Foods · doi:10.1016/j.jff.2025.106990 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Fermented soybean beverage improves performance and attenuates anaerobic exercise oxidative stress in Wistar rat skeletal muscle
Gomes, L. R. R., Moraes, F. D. S. A., Evangelista, L. M., Garioli, E. R., de Lima, E. M., Brasil, G. A., Lenz, D., Endringer, D. C., & de Andrade, T. U. (2021) · PharmaNutrition · doi:10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100262 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Plant-Based Nutrition and Supplements for Optimal Athletic Performance
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No Significant Differences in Muscle Growth and Strength Development When Consuming Soy and Whey Protein Supplements Matched for Leucine Following a 12 Week Resistance Training Program in Men and Women: A Randomized Trial
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Self-citation
The Impact of Whey and Soy Protein Supplementation on Resistance Training in Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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The Effect of Soy‐Dairy Protein Blend Supplementation during Resistance Exercise Training
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Self-citation
Comparison of the Effects of Soy Protein and Whey Protein Supplementation during Exercise: a Systematic Review
da Silva, S. M. M., Carminati, B., Santos-Junior, V. D. A., & Lollo, P. C. B. (2019) · Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.17921/2447-8938.2019v21n4p397-403 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Effect of Whey and Soy Protein Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training in Young Adults
Candow, D. G., Burke, N. C., Smith-Palmer, T., & Burke, D. G. (2006) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.16.3.233 · Cited by 180 · see citing works

Authors: Messina, M., Lynch, H., Dickinson, J. M., & Reed, K. E.
Affiliations: Nutrition Matters, Inc.
Point Loma Nazarene University (US)
Arizona State University (US)
University of Essex (GB)
ORCID: Messina, Mark
Lynch, Heidi
Dickinson, Jared M.
Venue: International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Published: 2018-11-01
Volume: 28
Issue: 6
Pages: 674-685
ISSN: 1526-484X (ISSN-L)
1543-2742
DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0071
OpenAlex: W2800163167
Cited by: 120
References: 96
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 1
FWCI: 0.84
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Open Access at Essex (University of Essex) (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Soy Nutrition Institute
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
Keywords: whey protein, resistance training, lean body mass, muscle strength, protein sources, muscle protein synthesis, leucine, bench press, squatting
MeSH terms: Whey Proteins, Humans, Body Mass Index, Muscle, Skeletal, Dietary Supplements, Soybean Proteins, Muscle Strength, Resistance Training

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No Difference Between the Effects of Supplementing With Soy Protein Versus Animal Protein on Gains in Muscle Mass and Strength in Response to Resistance Exercise

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