Sestrin as a feedback inhibitor of TOR that prevents age-related pathologies
Open accessAbstract
Sestrins are conserved proteins that accumulate in cells exposed to stress, potentiate adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and inhibit activation of target of rapamycin (TOR). We show that the abundance of Drosophila sestrin (dSesn) is increased upon chronic TOR activation through accumulation of reactive oxygen species that cause activation of c-Jun amino-terminal kinase and transcription factor Forkhead box O (FoxO). Loss of dSesn resulted in age-associated pathologies including triglyceride accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, muscle degeneration, and cardiac malfunction, which were prevented by pharmacological activation of AMPK or inhibition of TOR. Hence, dSesn appears to be a negative feedback regulator of TOR that integrates metabolic and stress inputs and prevents pathologies caused by chronic TOR activation that may result from diminished autophagic clearance of damaged mitochondria, protein aggregates, or lipids.
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Increased mTOR activity can cause certain cells to undergo differentiation or senescence, thereby exiting the proliferative cell pool.
“increased mTOR activity can also cause certain cells to undergo differentiation or senescence, thereby exiting the proliferative cell pool (Castilho et al., 2009; Chen et al., 2008; Lee et al., 2010; Liu et al., 2007; Zhang et al., 2006; reviewed in Iglesias-Bartolome and Gutkind, 2011).”
From mTOR inhibition prevents epithelial stem cell senescence and protects from radiation-induced mucositis (2012) · cites this paper as Lee et al., 2010
A reduction in ROS formation after mTOR blockade has been documented in drosophila cells and human T cells.
“a reduction in ROS formation after mTOR blockade has been documented in drosophila cells and human T cells, albeit by a yet to be determined molecular mechanism (Lee et al., 2010; Schieke et al., 2006)”
From mTOR inhibition prevents epithelial stem cell senescence and protects from radiation-induced mucositis (2012) · cites this paper as Lee et al., 2010
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Lee, J. H., Budanov, A. V., Park, E. J., Birse, R., Kim, T. E., Perkins, G. A., Ocorr, K., Ellisman, M. H., Bodmer, R., Bier, E., & Karin, M.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bier, Ethan
- Karin, Michael
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2010-03-05
- Volume
- 327
- Issue
- 5970
- Pages
- 1223-1228
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC2866632
- OpenAlex
- W2026044755
- Cited by
- 570
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 52
- FWCI
- 15.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (P30-CA-23100, R01CA118165, CA118165, P30CA023100)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI070654)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK082080, K99DK082080)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS 29870)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P42ES010337, ES-006376, R01ES006376)
- National Center for Research Resources (P41RR004050)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Keywords
- sestrins, TOR signaling, AMPK, negative feedback regulation, aging, reactive oxygen species, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, FOXO, mitochondrial dysfunction, triglyceride accumulation, muscle degeneration, cardiac dysfunction, autophagy, Drosophila
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Autophagy, Drosophila melanogaster, Fat Body, Gene Expression Regulation, Heart, Heat-Shock Proteins, Mitochondria, Muscle, Molecular Sequence Data, Muscles, Protein Kinases, Transcription, Genetic, Triglycerides, Wings, Animal, Signal Transduction, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress, Models, Animal, Feedback, Physiological, Drosophila Proteins, JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, Cell Size, Forkhead Transcription Factors, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
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