Cited by 660Cancer, Hypoxia, and MetabolismAngiogenesis and VEGF in CancerKruppel-like factors research

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and dysregulated c-Myc cooperatively induce vascular endothelial growth factor and metabolic switches hexokinase 2 and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1

Open access
Kim, Jung-whan, Gao, Ping, Liu, Yen-Chun, Semenza, Gregg L., Dang, Chi V.·2007·Molecular and Cellular Biology

Abstract

Hypoxia is a pervasive microenvironmental factor that affects normal development as well as tumor progression. In most normal cells, hypoxia stabilizes hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs), particularly HIF-1, which activates genes involved in anaerobic metabolism and angiogenesis. As hypoxia signals a cellular deprivation state, HIF-1 has also been reported to counter the activity of MYC, which encodes a transcription factor that drives cell growth and proliferation. Since many human cancers express dysregulated MYC, we sought to determine whether HIF-1 would in fact collaborate with dysregulated MYC rather countering its function. Here, using the P493-6 Burkitt's lymphoma model with an inducible MYC, we demonstrate that HIF-1 cooperates with dysregulated c-Myc to promote glycolysis by induction of hexokinase 2, which catalyzes the first step of glycolysis, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1, which inactivates pyruvate dehydrogenase and diminishes mitochondrial respiration. We also found the collaborative induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by HIF-1 and dysregulated c-Myc. This study reports the previously unsuspected collaboration between HIF-1 and dysregulated MYC and thereby provides additional insights into the regulation of VEGF and the Warburg effect, which describes the propensity for cancer cells to convert glucose to lactate.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1128/mcb.00440-07

Cites

87 of 87 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Cancer cells frequently co-opt pathways including the HIF/hypoxia transcriptional program to enhance PDK1 expression and achieve PDHC repression, favoring aerobic glycolysis.

    “To preferentially engage aerobic glycolysis, cancer cells frequently co-opt several pathways, including the HIF/hypoxia transcriptional program, to enhance PDK1 expression and achieve PDHC repression (142).”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. [14]Eisenman, R. N. 2001. Deconstructing myc. Genes Dev. 15: 2023-2030. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. [17]Gao, P., H. Zhang, R. Dinavahi, L. Feng, Y. Xiang, V. Raman, Z. Bhujwalla, D. W. Felsher, L. Cheng, J. Pevsner, L. A. Lee, G. L. Semenza, and C. V. Dang. 2007. HIF-dependent anti-tumorigenic effect of anti-oxidants in vivo. Cancer Cell 12: 230-238. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. [33]Ivan, M., K. Kondo, H. Yang, W. Kim, J. Valiando, M. Ohh, A. Salic, J. M. Asara, W. S. Lane, and W. G. Kaelin, Jr. 2001. HIFα targeted for VHL-mediated destruction by proline hydroxylation: implications for O2 sensing. Science 292: 464-468. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Kim, J.-W., Gao, P., Liu, Y.-C., Semenza, G. L., & Dang, C. V.
Affiliations
  • Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine
  • Graduate Program of Pathobiology
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
Corresponding author
Dang, Chi V.
Venue
Molecular and Cellular Biology
Published
2007-11-01
Volume
27
Issue
21
Pages
7381-7393
ISSN
  • 0270-7306 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-5549
OpenAlex
W2105250121
Cited by
658
References
87
Citations by year
2026: 21 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 35
FWCI
8.37
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Molecular and Cellular Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Johns Hopkins University
  • National Institutes of Health (n01hv28180-13-0-0, NO1-HV-28180)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01 HV028180, N02-HV-28180)
  • National Cancer Institute (CA 57341, R01CA057341, CA52497)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Kruppel-like factors research
Keywords
HIF-1, c-Myc, vascular endothelial growth factor, hexokinase 2, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1, Warburg effect, glycolysis, mitochondrial respiration, Burkitt lymphoma, tumor hypoxia, angiogenesis, cancer metabolism
MeSH terms
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase, Cell Line, DNA, Enzyme Induction, Glucose, Glycolysis, Hexokinase, Humans, Neoplasms, Protein Binding, Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review