Internet-delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy (iCBT) for adults with prolonged grief disorder (PGD): A study protocol for a randomized feasibility trial
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Grief is an emotional reaction to the loss of a loved one with a natural recovery. Approximately 10% of people who lose a loved one develop prolonged grief disorder (PGD). Internet-based and computer-based interventions (ie, internet-delivered cognitive-behavioural therapy, iCBT) are a cost-effective alternative that makes it possible to reach more people with PGD. The main aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of a new iCBT-called GROw-for PGD. As a secondary objective, the potential effectiveness of GROw will be explored. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This study is a two-arm feasibility randomised trial. A total of 48 adults with PGD who meet the eligibility criteria will be randomised to the experimental group (iCBT: GROw) or the active control group (face-to-face CBT treatment). The treatment is organised sequentially in eight modules in the iCBT format and 8-10 sessions in the face-to-face format, and both formats have the same therapeutic components. There will be five assessment points with qualitative and quantitative evaluations: screening, baseline, after the intervention, 3-month follow-up and 12-month follow-up. Consistent with the objectives, the measures are related to the feasibility outcomes for the main aim of the study (participant adherence, expectations and satisfaction with the treatment, preferences, alliance and utility) and psychological and mental health outcomes for secondary analyses (symptoms of grief, symptoms of depression, symptoms of anxiety, affectivity, quality of life, work and social adaptation, post-traumatic growth, purpose in life, mindfulness and compassion). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The Ethics Committee of the Universitat Jaume I (Castellón, Spain) granted approval for the study (CD/002/2019). Dissemination will include publications and presentations at national and international conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04462146.
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Few studies evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of online treatment.
“Additionally, although technology is successfully used in psychology research (Mancone et al., 2023), few studies evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the online treatment (Tur et al., 2021), which would allow making the necessary adjustments to ensure the intervention’s effectiveness.”
From Internet-based self-administered intervention to reduce anxiety and depression symptomatology and improve well-being in 7 countries: protocol of a randomized control trial (2024) · cites this paper as Tur et al., 2021
The Discussion says few studies have evaluated the acceptability and feasibility of internet-based treatment for prolonged grief disorder (PGD), in contrast to other psychological disorders. The citing sentence omits that restriction and presents the gap as applying to online treatment generally. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Tur, C., Campos, D., Herrero, R., Mor, S., López-Montoyo, A., Castilla, D., & Quero, S.
- Affiliations
- Universitat Jaume I (ES)
- Universidad de Zaragoza (ES)
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Universitat de València (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Quero, Soledad
- Venue
- BMJ Open
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2021-07
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- e046477
- ISSN
- 2044-6055 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8261880
- OpenAlex
- W3180463622
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 114
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 1.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMJ Open (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Repository of Digital Objects for Teaching Research and Culture (University of Valencia) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Repositori UJI (Universitat Jaume I) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Zaguan (Universidad de Zaragoza) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- Universitat Jaume I (UJI-2018-57)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- prolonged grief disorder, internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy, feasibility, bereavement, loss of a loved one, depression, anxiety, posttraumatic growth, meaning of life, mindfulness, compassion, quality of life, medication adherence, treatment satisfaction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Feasibility Studies, Grief, Humans, Quality of Life, Spain, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome, Internet
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