The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Short chain fatty acids in the human colon.
Open accessAbstract
Progress report Short chain fatty acids in the human colonThe human colon contains a luxuriant mixed culture of bacteria, probably at least 175 g.The special property of these bacteria is their metabolism, which is in the main strictly anaerobic, the end-products being primarily the short chain, or volatile, fatty acids, acetic, propionic, and butyric acid.These are the principal known anions in the colon but, although this has often becni rcported,' little thought has been given to the possible implications.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Absorption of Short-Chain Fatty Acids by the Colon
Ruppin, H., Bar-Meir, S., Soergel, K. H., Wood, C. M., & Schmitt, M. G. (1980) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(19)30508-6 · Cited by 736
THE MICROBIAL CONTRIBUTION TO HUMAN FAECAL MASS
Stephen, A. M., & Cummings, J. H. (1980) · Journal of Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1099/00222615-13-1-45 · Cited by 545
Self-citation
Cited by
Short chain fatty acids in human large intestine, portal, hepatic and venous blood
Cummings, J. H., Pomare, E. W., Branch, W. J., Naylor, C. P., & Macfarlane, G. T. (1987) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.28.10.1221 · Cited by 3,119
Self-citationColonic Health: Fermentation and Short Chain Fatty Acids
Wong, J. M. W., de Souza, R., Kendall, C. W. C., Emam, A., & Jenkins, D. J. A. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/00004836-200603000-00015 · Cited by 2,739
The control and consequences of bacterial fermentation in the human colon
Cummings, J. H., & Macfarlane, G. T. (1991) · Journal of Applied Bacteriology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1991.tb02739.x · Cited by 1,499
Self-citationMinireview: Gut microbiota: The neglected endocrine organ
Clarke, G., Stilling, R. M., Kennedy, P. J., Stanton, C., Cryan, J. F., & Dinan, T. G. (2014) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.2014-1108 · Cited by 1,192
A review of the volatiles from the healthy human body
de Lacy Costello, B., Amann, A., Al-Kateb, H., Flynn, C., Filipiak, W., Khalid, T., Osborne, D., & Ratcliffe, N. M. (2014) · Journal of Breath Research · doi:10.1088/1752-7155/8/1/014001 · Cited by 1,042
The influence of diet on the gut microbiota
Scott, K. P., Gratz, S. W., Sheridan, P. O., Flint, H. J., & Duncan, S. H. (2013) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2012.10.020 · Cited by 1,052
Trompette, A., Gollwitzer, E. S., Pattaroni, C., Lopez-Mejia, I. C., Riva, E., Pernot, J., Ubags, N., Fajas, L., Nicod, L. P., & Marsland, B. J. (2018) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2018.04.022 · Cited by 678
Insights into the role of the microbiome in obesity and type 2 diabetes
Hartstra, A. V., Bouter, K. E. C., Bäckhed, F., & Nieuwdorp, M. (2015) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc14-0769 · Cited by 641
Adiposity, gut microbiota and faecal short chain fatty acids are linked in adult humans
Fernandes, J., Su, W., Rahat-Rozenbloom, S., Wolever, T. M. S., & Comelli, E. M. (2014) · Nutrition & Diabetes · doi:10.1038/nutd.2014.23 · Cited by 628
Butyrate production from dietary fibre and protection against large bowel cancer in a rat model.
McIntyre, A., Gibson, P. R., & Young, G. P. (1993) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.34.3.386 · Cited by 555
Short-Chain Fatty Acids Regulate the Enteric Neurons and Control Gastrointestinal Motility in Rats
Soret, R., Chevalier, J., De Coppet, P., Poupeau, G., Derkinderen, P., Segain, J. P., & Neunlist, M. (2010) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2010.01.053 · Cited by 530
Yao, C. K., Muir, J. G., & Gibson, P. R. (2016) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.13456 · Cited by 441
Woodmansey, E. J., McMurdo, M. E. T., Macfarlane, G. T., & Macfarlane, S. (2004) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.70.10.6113-6122.2004 · Cited by 418
Microbiome and metabolic disease: revisiting the bacterial phylum Bacteroidetes
Johnson, E. L., Heaver, S. L., Walters, W. A., & Ley, R. E. (2017) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00109-016-1492-2 · Cited by 389
Grundy, M. M.-L., Edwards, C. H., Mackie, A. R., Gidley, M. J., Butterworth, P. J., & Ellis, P. R. (2016) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114516002610 · Cited by 395
Fermentation in the human large intestine: evidence and implications for health
Cummings, J. (1983) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(83)92478-9 · Cited by 336
Self-citationThe neuroendocrinology of the microbiota-gut-brain axis: a behavioural perspective
Cussotto, S., Sandhu, K. V., Dinan, T. G., & Cryan, J. F. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2018.04.002 · Cited by 326
“Butyric, propionic and acetic acids are the main short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by bacterial fermentation of proteins and carbohydrates in the intestine (Macfarlane and Macfarlane, 2012) and their molar ratios in the colon are approximately 20:20:60 (Cummings, 1981).”
BackgroundVulevic, J., Juric, A., Walton, G. E., Claus, S. P., Tzortzis, G., Toward, R. E., & Gibson, G. R. (2015) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114515001889 · Cited by 317
THE GLYCAEMIC RESPONSE TO CARBOHYDRATE FOODS
JENKINS, D. (1984) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(84)90554-3 · Cited by 276
Prevention of antibiotic‐associated diarrhea in children by Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI
SEKI, H., SHIOHARA, M., MATSUMURA, T., MIYAGAWA, N., TANAKA, M., KOMIYAMA, A., & KURATA, S. (2003) · Pediatrics International · doi:10.1046/j.1442-200x.2003.01671.x · Cited by 253
Propionate. Anti-obesity and satiety enhancing factor?
Arora, T., Sharma, R., & Frost, G. (2011) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.01.016 · Cited by 205
Dietary fiber and its associations with depression and inflammation
Swann, O. G., Kilpatrick, M., Breslin, M., & Oddy, W. H. (2020) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuz072 · Cited by 185
Oliver, A., Chase, A. B., Weihe, C., Orchanian, S. B., Riedel, S. F., Hendrickson, C. L., Lay, M., Sewall, J. M., Martiny, J. B. H., & Whiteson, K. (2021) · mSystems · doi:10.1128/msystems.00115-21 · Cited by 171
Mechanism of short-chain fatty acid uptake by apical membrane vesicles of rat distal colon
Mascolo, N., Rajendran, V. M., & Binder, H. J. (1991) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/0016-5085(91)90008-9 · Cited by 155
Gut Microbiota in Obesity and Undernutrition
de Clercq, N. C., Groen, A. K., Romijn, J. A., & Nieuwdorp, M. (2016) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.3945/an.116.012914 · Cited by 140
Spichak, S., Bastiaanssen, T. F. S., Berding, K., Vlckova, K., Clarke, G., Dinan, T. G., & Cryan, J. F. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.044 · Cited by 127
The effect of a model melanoidin mixture on faecal bacterial populations in vitro
Ames, J. M., Wynne, A., Hofmann, A., Plos, S., & Gibson, G. R. (1999) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114599001749 · Cited by 125
Non-canonical signalling mediates changes in fungal cell wall PAMPs that drive immune evasion
Pradhan, A., Avelar, G. M., Bain, J. M., Childers, D., Pelletier, C., Larcombe, D. E., Shekhova, E., Netea, M. G., Brown, G. D., Erwig, L., et al. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13298-9 · Cited by 119
The microbiota and its metabolites in colonic mucosal health and cancer risk
Vipperla, K., & O'Keefe, S. J. (2012) · Nutrition in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1177/0884533612452012 · Cited by 116
Bär, F., Von Koschitzky, H., Roblick, U., Bruch, H. P., Schulze, L., Sonnenborn, U., Böttner, M., & Wedel, T. (2009) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2008.01258.x · Cited by 113
Bartram, H., Scheppach, W., Gerlach, S., Ruckdeschel, G., Kelber, E., & Kasper, H. (1994) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/59.2.428 · Cited by 104
Potential roles of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in Parkinson’s disease
Zheng, S.-Y., Li, H.-X., Xu, R.-C., Miao, W.-T., Dai, M.-Y., Ding, S.-T., & Liu, H.-D. (2021) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2021.101347 · Cited by 101
Viguiliouk, E., Blanco Mejia, S., Kendall, C. W. C., & Sievenpiper, J. L. (2017) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.13312 · Cited by 101
Brain modulation by the gut microbiota: From disease to therapy
Mitra, S., Dash, R., Nishan, A. A., Habiba, S. U., & Moon, I. S. (2023) · Journal of Advanced Research · doi:10.1016/j.jare.2022.12.001 · Cited by 91
Short-Chain Fatty Acids Suppress Inflammatory Reactions in Caco-2 Cells and Mouse Colons
Hung, T. V., & Suzuki, T. (2018) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04233 · Cited by 90
Macfarlane, G. T., Gibson, G. R., Beatty, E., & Cummings, J. H. (1992) · FEMS Microbiology Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.1992.tb00002.x · Cited by 76
Self-citationWang, X., Shang, Y., Wei, Q., Wu, X., Dou, H., Zhang, H., Zhou, S., Sha, W., Sun, G., Ma, S., et al. (2022) · Microbial Ecology · doi:10.1007/s00248-021-01806-8 · Cited by 36
Safety Assessment and Caloric Value of Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum
Finley, J. W., Soto-Vaca, A., Heimbach, J., Rao, T. P., Juneja, L. R., Slavin, J., & Fahey, G. C. (2013) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf304910k · Cited by 29
Donskey, C. J., Hume, M. E., Callaway, T. R., Das, S. M., Hoyen, C. K., & Rice, L. B. (2001) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/324533 · Cited by 16
Metadata
- Authors
- Cummings, J. H.
- Venue
- Gut
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 1981-09
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 763-779
- ISSN
- 0017-5749 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-3288
- OpenAlex
- W1991737476
- Cited by
- 1,043
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 4.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
