Comparison of Compositions and Metabolic Activities of Fecal Microbiotas in Young Adults and in Antibiotic-Treated and Non-Antibiotic-Treated Elderly Subjects
Open accessAbstract
The colonic microbiota mediates many cellular and molecular events in the host that are important to health. These processes can be affected in the elderly, because in some individuals, the composition and metabolic activities of the microbiota change with age. Detailed characterizations of the major groups of fecal bacteria in healthy young adults, in healthy elderly people, and in hospitalized elderly patients receiving antibiotics were made in this study, together with measurements of their metabolic activities, by analysis of fecal organic acid and ammonia concentrations. The results showed that total anaerobe numbers remained relatively constant in old people; however, individual bacterial genera changed markedly with age. Reductions in numbers of bacteroides and bifidobacteria in both elderly groups were accompanied by reduced species diversity. Bifidobacterial populations in particular showed marked variations in the dominant species, with Bifidobacterium angulatum and Bifidobacterium adolescentis being frequently isolated from the elderly and Bifidobacterium longum , Bifidobacterium catenulatum , Bifidobacterium boum , and Bifidobacterium infantis being detected only from the healthy young volunteers. Reductions in amylolytic activities of bacterial isolates in healthy elderly subjects and reduced short-chain fatty acid concentrations supported these findings, since bifidobacteria and bacteroides are important saccharolytic groups in the colon. Conversely, higher numbers of proteolytic bacteria were observed with feces samples from the antibiotic-treated elderly group, which were also associated with increased proteolytic species diversity (fusobacteria, clostridia, and propionibacteria). Other differences in the intestinal ecosystem in elderly subjects were observed, with alterations in the dominant clostridial species in combination with greater numbers of facultative anaerobes.
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Bifidobacteria numbers and diversity decrease with age.
“By using different approaches and techniques, it has been observed that bifidobacteria numbers and diversity decrease with age, although the fact that particular bifidobacterial types are more related with the elderly still remains obscure (10–12).”
From Bifidobacteria and Their Health-Promoting Effects (2017) · cites this paper as [12]
The gut microbial ecosystem changes with aging, with Bifidobacteria decreasing and facultative anaerobes such as Streptococci, Staphylococci, Enterococci and Enterobacteria increasing.
“The microbial composition and diversity of the gut ecosystem changes with aging [10], as Bifidobacteria have been reported to decrease [11], while facultative anaerobes, including Streptococci, Staphylococci, Enterococci and Enterobacteria, increase with age [12]”
From Aging of the immune system: Focus on inflammation and vaccination (2016) · cites this paper as [12]
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The Interplay between the Microbiota and Enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i>
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- Authors
- Woodmansey, E. J., McMurdo, M. E. T., Macfarlane, G. T., & Macfarlane, S.
- Affiliations
- Microbiology and Gut Biology Group
- University of Dundee (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Macfarlane, Sandra
- Venue
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2004-10
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 6113-6122
- ISSN
- 0099-2240 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5336
- PMC
- PMC522128
- OpenAlex
- W2156522926
- Cited by
- 418
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 2.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Keywords
- colonic microbiota, fecal microbiota composition, aging, older adults, antibiotic therapy, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, short-chain fatty acids, amylolytic activity, proteolytic bacteria, Fusobacterium, Clostridium, propionibacteria, ammonia, bacterial diversity, young adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacteria, Bifidobacterium, Feces, Female, Humans, Male, Species Specificity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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