Measurement of gastrointestinal pH profiles in normal ambulant human subjects
Open accessAbstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) pH has been measured in 66 normal subjects using a pH sensitive radiotelemetry capsule passing freely through the gastrointestinal tract. Signals were recorded with a portable solid state receiver and recording system, enabling unconstrained measurements with normal ambulatory activities for up to 48 h during normal GI transit. Capsule position in the gut was monitored by surface location using a directional detector. Gastric pH was highly acidic (range 1.0-2.5) in all subjects. The mean pH in the proximal small intestine was 6.6 (0.5) for the first hour of intestinal recording. By comparison the mean pH in the terminal ileum was 7.5 (0.4) (p less than 0.001). In all subjects there was a sharp fall in pH to a mean of 6.4 (0.4) (p less than 0.001) as the capsule passed into the caecum. Values are means (SD). pH then rose progressively from the right to the left colon with a final mean value of 7.0 (0.7) (p less than 0.001).
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aNFC/AP cryogels can generally protect acid-sensitive drugs in the gastric environment while achieving rapid release in the healthy small intestine, typically at a pH of 6.5-7.5.
“This suggests that aNFC/AP cryogels can generally protect acid-sensitive drugs in the gastric environment while achieving rapid release in the healthy small intestine, typically at a pH of 6.5–7.5 [52].”
From Amidated Pectin/Nanocellulose Hybrid Cryogel System with a pH-Responsive Release Profile for Small Intestinal Delivery (2025) · cites this paper as [52]
The small-bowel results report mean pH values of 6.6 proximally, 7.4 in the mid small bowel, and 7.5 distally; the Results also describe a transition from an acidic stomach to a near-neutral small intestine. These measurements support the gastrointestinal pH context, but the paper does not test aNFC/AP cryogels, protection of acid-sensitive drugs, or rapid drug release. (LLM, conf=0.90)
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- Authors
- Evans, D. F., Pye, G., Bramley, R., Clark, A. G., Dyson, T. J., & Hardcastle, J. D.
- Affiliations
- Queen's Medical Centre (GB)
- Venue
- Gut
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 1988-08
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1035-1041
- ISSN
- 0017-5749 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-3288
- PMC
- PMC1433896
- OpenAlex
- W2089407496
- Cited by
- 1,240
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 38 · 2025: 74 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 67 · 2022: 70 · 2021: 84 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 49 · 2015: 59 · 2014: 67 · 2013: 43 · 2012: 56
- FWCI
- 7.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Gut (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Bioengineering › Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments
- Keywords
- gastrointestinal pH, gastric pH, terminal ileum, cecum, colon, ambulatory pH monitoring, gastrointestinal transit, normal subjects
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Gastrointestinal Contents, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Male, Middle Aged, Reference Values
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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