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Impact of the WHO FCTC over the first decade: a global evidence review prepared for the Impact Assessment Expert Group

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Chung-Hall, Janet, Craig, Lorraine, Gravely, Shannon, Sansone, Natalie, Fong, Geoffrey T·2019·Tobacco Control
DOI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054389PMC PMC6589489
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Abstract

Objective: To present findings of a narrative review on the implementation and effectiveness of 17 Articles of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) during the Treaty’s first decade. Data sources: Published reports on global FCTC implementation; searches of four databases through June 2016; hand-search of publications/online resources; tobacco control experts. Study selection: WHO Convention Secretariat global progress reports (2010, 2012, 2014); 2015 WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic; studies of social, behavioural, health, economic and/or environmental impacts of FCTC policies. Data extraction: Progress in the implementation of 17 FCTC Articles was categorised (higher/intermediate/lower) by consensus. 128 studies were independently selected by multiple authors in consultation with experts. Data synthesis: Implementation was highest for smoke-free laws, health warnings and education campaigns, youth access laws, and reporting/information exchange, and lowest for measures to counter industry interference, regulate tobacco product contents, promote alternative livelihoods and protect health/environment. Price/tax increases, comprehensive smoking and marketing bans, health warnings, and cessation treatment are associated with decreased tobacco consumption/health risks and increased quitting. Mass media campaigns and youth access laws prevent smoking initiation, decrease prevalence and promote cessation. There were few studies on the effectiveness of policies in several domains, including measures to prevent industry interference and regulate tobacco product contents. Conclusions: The FCTC has increased the implementation of measures across several policy domains, and these implementations have resulted in measurable impacts on tobacco consumption, prevalence and other outcomes. However, FCTC implementation must be accelerated, and Parties need to meet all their Treaty obligations and consider measures that exceed minimum requirements.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Chung-Hall, J., Craig, L., Gravely, S., Sansone, N., & Fong, G. T.
Affiliations
  • University of Waterloo (CA)
  • Ontario Institute for Cancer Research (CA)
ORCID
Venue
Tobacco Control
Publisher
BMJ
Published
2018-06-07
Volume
28
Issue
Suppl 2
Pages
s119-s128
ISSN
  • 0964-4563 (ISSN-L)
  • 1468-3318
DOI
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054389
PMC
PMC6589489
OpenAlex
W2807097728
Cited by
250
References
12
Citations by year
2026: 26 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 1
FWCI
2.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Tobacco Control (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Ontario Institute for Cancer Research
  • Health Canada
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research (FDN148477, 148477)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Public Health Policies and Education
Keywords
Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, tobacco control policy implementation, smoking bans, health warnings, tobacco taxation, tobacco dependence treatment, mass media campaigns, tobacco industry interference, tobacco product regulation, tobacco use, smoking initiation, policy effectiveness
MeSH terms
Smoking Prevention, Humans, International Cooperation, Time Factors, World Health Organization, Health Impact Assessment

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