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Environmental Influences on the Human Microbiome and Implications for Noncommunicable Disease
Abstract
The human microbiome contributes metabolic functions, protects against pathogens, educates the immune system, and through these basic functions, directly or indirectly, affects most of our physiologic functions. Here, we consider the human microbiome and its relationship to several major noncommunicable human conditions, including orodigestive tract cancers, neurologic diseases, diabetes, and obesity. We also highlight the scope of contextual macroenvironmental factors (toxicological and chemical environment, built environment, and socioeconomic environment) and individual microenvironmental factors (smoking, alcohol, and diet) that may push the microbiota toward less healthy or more healthy conditions, influencing the development of these diseases. Last, we highlight current uncertainties and challenges in the study of environmental influences on the human microbiome and implications for understanding noncommunicable disease, suggesting a research agenda to strengthen the scientific evidence base.
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“These variables introduce noise into microbiome studies, complicating the interpretation of findings and reducing reproducibility across populations and settings [238].”
From Pollen–Food Allergy Syndrome: Allergens, Clinical Insights, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges (2024) · cites this paper as [238]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ahn, J., & Hayes, R. B.
- Affiliations
- Department of Population Health, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Venue
- Annual Review of Public Health
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2021-04-01
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 277-292
- ISSN
- 0163-7525
- 1545-2093
- PMC
- PMC8641399
- Cited by
- 186
- References
- 27
- Language
- en
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