Human Gut Microbiome and Risk for Colorectal Cancer
Open accessAbstract
We tested the hypothesis that an altered community of gut microbes is associated with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in a study of 47 CRC case subjects and 94 control subjects. 16S rRNA genes in fecal bacterial DNA were amplified by universal primers, sequenced by 454 FLX technology, and aligned for taxonomic classification to microbial genomes using the QIIME pipeline. Taxonomic differences were confirmed with quantitative polymerase chain reaction and adjusted for false discovery rate. All statistical tests were two-sided. From 794217 16S rRNA gene sequences, we found that CRC case subjects had decreased overall microbial community diversity (P = .02). In taxonomy-based analyses, lower relative abundance of Clostridia (68.6% vs 77.8%) and increased carriage of Fusobacterium (multivariable odds ratio [OR] = 4.11; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.62 to 10.47) and Porphyromonas (OR = 5.17; 95% CI = 1.75 to 15.25) were found in case subjects compared with control subjects. Because of the potentially modifiable nature of the gut bacteria, our findings may have implications for CRC prevention.
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Fecal microbiome studies using 16S rRNA or shotgun metagenomic sequencing found Fusobacterium nucleatum increased in fecal samples from colorectal cancer or adenoma patients compared with controls.
“studies of fecal microbiomes that used either 16s rRNA or shotgun metagenomic sequencing found that F nucleatum to be increased in fecal samples from patients with CRC or adenoma compared with controls (Table 1).15, 18, 35–39”
From Influence of the Gut Microbiome, Diet, and Environment on Risk of Colorectal Cancer (2020) · cites this paper as [15]
Patients with colorectal cancer have a less diverse microbiome than healthy individuals.
“Patients with CRC have a less diverse microbiome than healthy individuals.15”
From Influence of the Gut Microbiome, Diet, and Environment on Risk of Colorectal Cancer (2020) · cites this paper as [15]
Besides Fusobacterium, other oral bacteria and periodontal disease markers are enriched in colorectal tumors and feces, including Porphyromonas, Peptostreptococcus, and Parvimonas micra.
“Besides Fusobacterium, other oral bacteria and markers of periodontal disease are enriched in colorectal tumors and feces of patients, including the genera of Porphyromonas and Peptostreptococcus, and Parvimonas micra.15, 35, 37, 38, 53”
From Influence of the Gut Microbiome, Diet, and Environment on Risk of Colorectal Cancer (2020) · cites this paper as [15]
Compared with controls, colorectal cancer patients had lower abundances of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp. and other short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria such as Clostridium, Roseburia, Lachnospiraceae, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii.
“several studies have shown that compared with controls, patients with CRC had lower abundances of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp,16, 18 and other SCFA-producing bacteria, such as the genera Clostridium and Roseburia, the family Lachnospiraceae, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii.15, 35, 37, 45, 53, 129”
From Influence of the Gut Microbiome, Diet, and Environment on Risk of Colorectal Cancer (2020) · cites this paper as [15]
Metagenome analysis revealed a significant difference between the gut microbial composition of cancer patients and healthy individuals.
“Metagenome analysis revealed a significant difference between the gut microbial composition of cancer patients and healthy individuals.”
From Gut microbiota-mediated immunomodulation in tumor (2021) · cites this paper as [8]
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- Authors
- Ahn, J., Sinha, R., Pei, Z., Dominianni, C., Wu, J., Shi, J., Goedert, J. J., Hayes, R. B., & Yang, L.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2013-12-06
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 1907-1911
- ISSN
- 0027-8874 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2105
- PMC
- PMC3866154
- OpenAlex
- W2158626993
- Cited by
- 947
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 35 · 2025: 61 · 2024: 89 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 116 · 2021: 111 · 2020: 94 · 2019: 93 · 2018: 83 · 2017: 60 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 18.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA159036, R03CA159414)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Keywords
- colorectal cancer, gut microbiota, microbial community diversity, Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, Clostridia, fecal bacteria, cancer risk, colorectal cancer prevention
- MeSH terms
- Clostridium, Feces, Fusobacterium, Humans, Intestines, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Colorectal Neoplasms, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Porphyromonas, Microbiota
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