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Cited by 184Sleep and Wakefulness ResearchRegulation of Appetite and ObesityGrowth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors

Sleep enhances nocturnal plasma ghrelin levels in healthy subjects

Dzaja, Andrea, Dalal, Mira A., Himmerich, Hubertus, Uhr, Manfred, Pollmächer, Thomas, Schuld, Andreas·2004·American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
DOI 10.1152/ajpendo.00527.2003
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Abstract

Ghrelin, an endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, has been shown to promote slow-wave sleep (SWS, non-REM sleep stages 3 and 4). Plasma levels of ghrelin are dependent on food intake and increase in sleeping subjects during the early part of the night. It is unknown whether sleep itself affects ghrelin levels or whether circadian networks are involved. Therefore, we studied the effect of sleep deprivation on nocturnal ghrelin secretion. In healthy male volunteers, plasma levels of ghrelin, cortisol, and human growth hormone (hGH) were measured during two experimental sessions of 24 h each: once when the subjects were allowed to sleep between 2300 and 0700 and once when they were kept awake throughout the night. During sleep, ghrelin levels increased during the early part of the night and decreased in the morning. This nocturnal increase was blunted during sleep deprivation, and ghrelin levels increased only slightly until the early morning. Ghrelin secretion during the first hours of sleep correlated positively with peak hGH concentrations. We conclude that the nocturnal increase in ghrelin levels is more likely to be caused by sleep-associated processes than by circadian influences. During the first hours of sleep, ghrelin might promote sleep-associated hGH secretion and contribute to the promotion of SWS.

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  • The nocturnal ghrelin elevation is dampened when subjects are sleep deprived.

    “the nocturnal ghrelin elevation is dampened when subjects are sleep deprived [43].”

    From Role of sleep duration in the regulation of glucose metabolism and appetite (2010) · cites this paper as [43]

  • The relationship between sleep and metabolism has been extensively studied in human subjects under varying conditions, such as total sleep deprivation, partial sleep deprivation, and sleep fragmentation.

    “The relationship between sleep and metabolism has been extensively studied in human subjects under varying conditions, such as total sleep deprivation,87–100 partial sleep deprivation,101–122 and sleep fragmentation123–125 (Table 1).”

    From Interacting epidemics? Sleep curtailment, insulin resistance, and obesity (2012) · cites this paper as [95]

  • One night of total sleep deprivation markedly decreases the GH peak around sleep onset.

    “One night of total sleep deprivation markedly decreased the GH peak that usually occurs around sleep onset45,95”

    From Interacting epidemics? Sleep curtailment, insulin resistance, and obesity (2012) · cites this paper as [95]

  • Mean 24-hour plasma cortisol often remains unchanged by sleep deprivation, but circadian cortisol pattern changes.

    “Mean 24-h levels of plasma cortisol often remain unchanged by sleep deprivation,43,95,96,99,106,109,123 but the circadian cortisol-pattern changes, as described above.”

    From Interacting epidemics? Sleep curtailment, insulin resistance, and obesity (2012) · cites this paper as [95]

  • Partial and total sleep deprivation cause delay and/or reduction in cortisol acrophase.

    “In addition, a delay and/or a reduction in the acrophase of cortisol have been reported after partial and total sleep deprivation.95,102,109”

    From Interacting epidemics? Sleep curtailment, insulin resistance, and obesity (2012) · cites this paper as [95]

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Authors
Dzaja, A., Dalal, M. A., Himmerich, H., Uhr, M., Pollmächer, T., & Schuld, A.
Affiliations
Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (DE)
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
Publisher
American Physiological Society
Published
2004-06
Volume
286
Issue
6
Pages
E963-E967
ISSN
  • 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
  • 1522-1555
DOI
10.1152/ajpendo.00527.2003
OpenAlex
W2167337861
Cited by
184
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 15
FWCI
6.02
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
Keywords
ghrelin, sleep, sleep deprivation, slow-wave sleep, cortisol, circadian rhythm, growth hormone secretagogue receptor, NREM sleep
MeSH terms
Adult, Analysis of Variance, Circadian Rhythm, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Sleep, Sleep Deprivation, Sleep, REM, Peptide Hormones, Ghrelin

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