Cognitive Dysfunction and Anxious-Impulsive Personality Traits Are Endophenotypes for Drug Dependence
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OBJECTIVE: Not everyone who takes drugs becomes addicted, but the likelihood of developing drug addiction is greater in people with a family history of drug or alcohol dependence. Relatively little is known about how genetic risk mediates the development of drug dependence. By comparing the phenotypic profile of individuals with and without a family history of addiction, the authors sought to clarify the extent to which cognitive dysfunction and personality traits are shared by family members--and therefore likely to have predated drug dependence--and which aspects are specific to drug-dependent individuals. METHOD: The authors assessed cognitive function and personality traits associated with drug dependence in stimulant-dependent individuals (N=50), their biological siblings without a history of drug dependence (N=50), and unrelated healthy volunteers (N=50). RESULTS: Cognitive function was significantly impaired in the stimulant-dependent individuals across a range of domains. Deficits in executive function and response control were identified in both the stimulant-dependent individuals and in their non-drug-dependent siblings. Drug-dependent individuals and their siblings also exhibited elevated anxious-impulsive personality traits relative to healthy comparison volunteers. CONCLUSIONS: Deficits in executive function and response regulation as well as anxious-impulsive personality traits may represent endophenotypes associated with the risk of developing cocaine or amphetamine dependence. The identification of addiction endophenotypes may be useful in facilitating the rational development of therapeutic and preventive strategies.
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Dependence to AMP or cocaine is influenced by anxious-impulsive personality traits.
“dependence to AMP or cocaine is influenced by anxious‐impulsive personality traits (Ersche et al., 2012).”
From Systematic reviews of the acute effects of amphetamine on working memory and other cognitive performances in healthy individuals, with a focus on the potential influence of personality traits (2023) · cites this paper as Ersche et al., 2012
The Abstract Conclusions say anxious-impulsive traits may be endophenotypes associated with the risk of cocaine or amphetamine dependence. This supports a possible risk relationship, but the claim’s unqualified “is influenced by” states it more definitively than the paper does. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredStimulant-dependent subjects and their non-stimulant-dependent siblings have impairments in response control and executive function, relative to healthy volunteers.
“stimulant‐dependent subjects and their non‐stimulant‐dependent siblings have impairments in response control and executive function, relative to healthy volunteers (Ersche et al., 2012).”
From Systematic reviews of the acute effects of amphetamine on working memory and other cognitive performances in healthy individuals, with a focus on the potential influence of personality traits (2023) · cites this paper as Ersche et al., 2012
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- Authors
- Ersche, K. D., Turton, A. J., Chamberlain, S. R., Müller, U., Bullmore, E. T., & Robbins, T. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Ersche, Karen D.
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2012-09
- Volume
- 169
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 926-936
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- PMC
- PMC3533378
- OpenAlex
- W2128615125
- Cited by
- 252
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 18.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Eli Lilly and Company
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Wellcome Trust (093875)
- University of Cambridge
- European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
- H. Lundbeck A/S
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- endophenotypes, drug addiction, stimulant use disorder, cocaine dependence, amphetamine dependence, cognitive impairment, executive function, response control, family history of addiction, biological siblings
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anxiety, Cognition Disorders, Family Health, Female, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Personality Assessment, Case-Control Studies, Substance-Related Disorders, Siblings, Endophenotypes
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