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Comprehensive survey of human brain microRNA by deep sequencing
Abstract
Background: MicroRNA (miRNA) play an important role in gene expression regulation. At present, the number of annotated miRNA continues to grow rapidly, in part due to advances of high-throughput sequencing techniques. Here, we use deep sequencing to characterize a population of small RNA expressed in human and rhesus macaques brain cortex. Results: Based on a total of more than 150 million sequence reads we identify 197 putative novel miRNA, in humans and rhesus macaques, that are highly conserved among mammals. These putative miRNA have significant excess of conserved target sites in genes' 3'UTRs, supporting their functional role in gene regulation. Additionally, in humans and rhesus macaques respectively, we identify 41 and 22 conserved putative miRNA originating from non-coding RNA (ncRNA) transcripts. While some of these molecules might function as conventional miRNA, others might be harmful and result in target avoidance. Conclusions: Here, we further extend the repertoire of conserved human and rhesus macaque miRNA. Even though our study is based on a single tissue, the coverage depth of our study allows identification of functional miRNA present in brain tissue at background expression levels. Therefore, our study might cover large proportion of the yet unannotated conserved miRNA present in the human genome.
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“Predominantly high expression of miR-128-3p was found in neurons and synapses,21,22”
From MiR-128-3p – a gray eminence of the human central nervous system (2024) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“In total, we detected nearly 1,900 unique miRNAs (Table S2), including an abundance of known brain-enriched miRNAs that were present at relative levels comparable to previous studies profiling human brain miRNAs by small RNA sequencing and microarray (Hu et al., 2011; Shao et al., 2010).”
From Transcriptome-wide Discovery of microRNA Binding Sites in Human Brain (2014) · cites this paper as Shao et al., 2010
In the citing paper
“MiR-128-3p, encoded by two separate genes, hsa-MIR128-1 and hsa-MIR128-2 (www.ensembl.org), is one of the most highly expressed microRNAs across the CNS and surroundings tissues (Figure 2).22”
From MiR-128-3p – a gray eminence of the human central nervous system (2024) · cites this paper as [22]
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Most mammalian mRNAs are conserved targets of microRNAs
Friedman, R. C., Farh, K. K.-H., Burge, C. B., & Bartel, D. P. (2009) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.082701.108 · Cited by 8,462
Evolutionarily conserved elements in vertebrate, insect, worm, and yeast genomes
Siepel, A., Bejerano, G., Pedersen, J. S., Hinrichs, A. S., Hou, M., Rosenbloom, K., Clawson, H., Spieth, J., Hillier, L. W., Richards, S., et al. (2005) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.3715005 · Cited by 3,971 · cited 2×
“targets We used phastCon scores based the 17 placental mammal alignment to the human genome to determine the conservation of annotated and candidate mature miRNA sequences [26].”
MethodA Family of Human MicroRNA Genes from Miniature Inverted-Repeat Transposable Elements
Piriyapongsa, J., & Jordan, I. K. (2007) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000203 · Cited by 283
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Quail, M., Smith, M. E., Coupland, P., Otto, T. D., Harris, S. R., Connor, T. R., Bertoni, A., Swerdlow, H. P., & Gu, Y. (2012) · BMC Genomics · doi:10.1186/1471-2164-13-341 · Cited by 2,031
Transcriptome-wide Discovery of microRNA Binding Sites in Human Brain
Boudreau, R. L., Jiang, P., Gilmore, B. L., Spengler, R. M., Tirabassi, R., Nelson, J. A., Ross, C. A., Xing, Y., & Davidson, B. L. (2014) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.10.062 · Cited by 217
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Metadata
- Authors
- Shao, N.-Y., Hu, H. Y., Yan, Z., Xu, Y., Hu, H., Menzel, C., Li, N., Chen, W., & Khaitovich, P.
- Venue
- BMC Genomics
- Published
- 2010-06-30
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 1471-2164
- PMC
- PMC2996937
- Cited by
- 131
- References
- 3
- Language
- en
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