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Microarray analysis of microRNA expression in the developing mammalian brain

Miska, Eric A, Alvarez-Saavedra, Ezequiel, Townsend, Matthew, Yoshii, Akira, Šestan, Nenad, Rakic, Pasko, Constantine-Paton, Martha, Horvitz, H Robert·2004·Genome Biology
DOI 10.1186/gb-2004-5-9-r68PMC PMC522875
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Abstract

Background: MicroRNAs are a large new class of tiny regulatory RNAs found in nematodes, plants, insects and mammals. MicroRNAs are thought to act as post-transcriptional modulators of gene expression. In invertebrates microRNAs have been implicated as regulators of developmental timing, neuronal differentiation, cell proliferation, programmed cell death and fat metabolism. Little is known about the roles of microRNAs in mammals. Results: We isolated 18-26 nucleotide RNAs from developing rat and monkey brains. From the sequences of these RNAs and the sequences of the rat and human genomes we determined which of these small RNAs are likely to have derived from stem-loop precursors typical of microRNAs. Next, we developed a microarray technology suitable for detecting microRNAs and printed a microRNA microarray representing 138 mammalian microRNAs corresponding to the sequences of the microRNAs we cloned as well as to other known microRNAs. We used this microarray to determine the profile of microRNAs expressed in the developing mouse brain. We observed a temporal wave of expression of microRNAs, suggesting that microRNAs play important roles in the development of the mammalian brain. Conclusion: We describe a microarray technology that can be used to analyze the expression of microRNAs and of other small RNAs. MicroRNA microarrays offer a new tool that should facilitate studies of the biological roles of microRNAs. We used this method to determine the microRNA expression profile during mouse brain development and observed a temporal wave of gene expression of sequential classes of microRNAs.

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  • During development, many miRNAs are expressed in neurons or show distinct expression patterns within the developing CNS, implying their importance in brain development and function.

    “During development, many miRNAs are expressed in neurons or show distinct expression patterns within the developing central nervous system (CNS), implying their importance in brain development and function (Krichevsky et al. 2003;Miska et al. 2004;Sempere et al. 2004;Smirnova et al. 2005;Wienholds et al. 2005).”

    From MicroRNA expression in the adult mouse central nervous system (2008) · cites this paper as Miska et al. 2004

  • miR-124a expression can be detected in E11.5 mouse embryos and continues to be expressed in neurons of adult mice.

    “While miR-124a expression can be detected in E11.5 mouse embryos and it continues to be expressed in neurons of adult mice (Miska et al. 2004;Visvanathan et al. 2007)”

    From MicroRNA expression in the adult mouse central nervous system (2008) · cites this paper as Miska et al. 2004

  • Other miRNAs are temporally expressed during development of the CNS and are repressed in the mature CNS.

    “other miRNAs are temporally expressed during development of the CNS being repressed in the mature CNS (Miska et al. 2004).”

    From MicroRNA expression in the adult mouse central nervous system (2008) · cites this paper as Miska et al. 2004

  • Several miRNAs, including miR-9, miR-124a, miR-125b, miR-127, miR-128, and members of the let-7 family, were highly enriched in the mouse brain, giving strong hybridization signals on miRNA arrays.

    “In agreement with previous reports, several miRNAs, including miR-9, miR-124a, miR-125b, miR-127, miR-128, and members of the let-7 family, were highly enriched in the mouse brain, giving strong hybridization signals on the miRNA arrays (Fig. 1A; Babak et al. 2004;Barad et al. 2004;Miska et al. 2004;Sempere et al. 2004;Shingara et al. 2005;Thomson et al. 2004).”

    From MicroRNA expression in the adult mouse central nervous system (2008) · cites this paper as Miska et al. 2004

  • Expression profiling in adult tissues has identified miRNAs enriched in the CNS, suggesting that these miRNAs could play important regulatory roles in mature neurons.

    “On the other hand, expression profiling in adult tissues has identified miRNAs enriched in the CNS, suggesting that these miRNAs could play important regulatory roles in mature neurons (Babak et al. 2004;Barad et al. 2004;Miska et al. 2004;Sempere et al. 2004;Thomson et al. 2004).”

    From MicroRNA expression in the adult mouse central nervous system (2008) · cites this paper as Miska et al. 2004

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Miska, E. A., Alvarez-Saavedra, E., Townsend, M., Yoshii, A., Šestan, N., Rakic, P., Constantine-Paton, M., & Horvitz, H. R.
Venue
Genome Biology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2004-08-31
Volume
5
Issue
9
ISSN
1474-760X
DOI
10.1186/gb-2004-5-9-r68
PMC
PMC522875
Cited by
651
References
6
Language
en
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