Cited by 1,042Bone Metabolism and DiseasesBone health and osteoporosis researchParathyroid Disorders and Treatments

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The Osteocyte: An Endocrine Cell … and More

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Dallas, Sarah L., Prideaux, Matthew, Bonewald, Lynda F.·2013·Endocrine Reviews

DOI 10.1210/er.2012-1026PMC PMC3785641

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Abstract

Few investigators think of bone as an endocrine gland, even after the discovery that osteocytes produce circulating fibroblast growth factor 23 that targets the kidney and potentially other organs.In fact, until the last few years, osteocytes were perceived by many as passive, metabolically inactive cells.However, exciting recent discoveries have shown that osteocytes encased within mineralized bone matrix are actually multifunctional cells with many key regulatory roles in bone and mineral homeostasis.In addition to serving as endocrine cells and regulators of phosphate homeostasis, these cells control bone remodeling through regulation of both osteoclasts and osteoblasts, are mechanosensory cells that coordinate adaptive responses of the skeleton to mechanical loading, and also serve as a manager of the bone's reservoir of calcium.Osteocytes must survive for decades within the bone matrix, making them one of the longest lived cells in the body.Viability and survival are therefore extremely important to ensure optimal function of the osteocyte network.As we continue to search for new therapeutics, in addition to the osteoclast and the osteoblast, the osteocyte should be considered in new strategies to prevent and treat bone disease.(Endocrine Reviews 34: 658 -690, 2013) I. Introduction II.Osteocyte Differentiation and Embedding III.Morphology of Osteocytes, Their Dendrites, and Lacunocanalicular System IV. Osteocyte Selective Genes/Proteins and Their Potential Functions V. Tools for Studying Osteocytes VI.Osteocyte Mechanosensation and Transduction A. How osteocytes sense loading B. How loading affects osteocyte signaling VII.Osteocytes as Orchestrators of Bone Formation and Resorption VIII.Osteocyte Life, Death, and in Between IX.Osteocytic Perilacunar Remodeling: An Old Concept Rediscovered X.The Osteocyte as an Endocrine Cell XI.Crosstalk Between Osteocytes and Muscle Cells XII.Role of Osteocytes in Disease XIII.

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Authors: Dallas, S. L., Prideaux, M., & Bonewald, L. F.
Affiliations: University of Missouri–Kansas City (US)
ORCID: Dallas, Sarah L.
Prideaux, Matthew
Bonewald, Lynda F.
Venue: Endocrine Reviews
Publisher: The Endocrine Society
Published: 2013-04-26
Volume: 34
Issue: 5
Pages: 658-690
ISSN: 0163-769X (ISSN-L)
1945-7189
DOI: 10.1210/er.2012-1026
PMC: PMC3785641
OpenAlex: W2142302926
Cited by: 1,042
References: 330
Citations by year: 2026: 60 · 2025: 83 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 88 · 2022: 85 · 2021: 113 · 2020: 106 · 2019: 108 · 2018: 89 · 2017: 73 · 2016: 70 · 2015: 69 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 5
FWCI: 5.40
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Endocrine Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: University of Missouri
University of Missouri-Kansas City
National Institutes of Health (AR46798, PO1AG039355, AG039355)
National Institute on Aging (P01AG039355)
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR051517, R56AR051517, P01AR046798, R21AR054449)
National Center for Research Resources (S10RR027668)
Army Research Office
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
Keywords: osteocytes, fibroblast growth factor 23, bone mineral homeostasis, phosphate homeostasis, bone remodeling, osteoclast regulation, mechanosensing, mechanotransduction, osteocyte differentiation, osteocyte survival, bone disease
MeSH terms: Bone Resorption, Cell Communication, Cell Differentiation, Humans, Osteocytes, Osteogenesis, Cell Death, Muscle Cells, Mechanotransduction, Cellular, Endocrine Cells

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