Ghrelin, sleep reduction and evening preference: relationships to CLOCK 3111 T/C SNP and weight loss
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (CLOCK), an essential element of the positive regulatory arm in the human biological clock, is involved in metabolic regulation. The aim was to investigate the behavioral (sleep duration, eating patterns and chronobiological characteristics) and hormonal (plasma ghrelin and leptin concentrations) factors which could explain the previously reported association between the CLOCK 3111T/C SNP and weight loss. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We recruited 1495 overweight/obese subjects (BMI: 25-40 kg/m(2)) of 20-65 y. who attended outpatient obesity clinics in Murcia, in southeastern Spain. We detected an association between the CLOCK 3111T/C SNP and weight loss, which was particularly evident after 12-14 weeks of treatment (P = 0.038). Specifically, carriers of the minor C allele were more resistant to weight loss than TT individuals (Mean±SEM) (8.71±0.59 kg vs 10.4±0.57 kg) C and TT respectively. In addition, our data show that minor C allele carriers had: 1. shorter sleep duration Mean ± SEM (7.0±0.05 vs 7.3±0.05) C and TT respectively (P = 0.039), 2. higher plasma ghrelin concentrations Mean ± SEM (pg/ml) (1108±49 vs 976±47)(P = 0.034); 3. delayed breakfast time; 4. evening preference and 5. less compliance with a Mediterranean Diet pattern, as compared with TT homozygotes. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Sleep reduction, changes in ghrelin values, alterations of eating behaviors and evening preference that characterized CLOCK 3111C carriers could be affecting weight loss. Our results support the hypothesis that the influence of the CLOCK gene may extend to a broad range of variables linked with human behaviors.
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Compared with TT subjects, carriers of the minor C allele at CLOCK rs1801260 had shorter sleep duration, higher plasma ghrelin concentrations, delayed breakfast time, evening preference, and less compliance with a Mediterranean diet pattern.
“In addition, our data show that compared with TT subjects, those carrying the minor C allele had statistically significant 1) shorter sleep duration, 2) higher plasma ghrelin concentrations, 3) delayed breakfast time, 4) evening preference, and 5) less compliance with a Mediterranean diet pattern.”
From Circadian rhythms, metabolism, and chrononutrition in rodents and humans (2016) · cites this paper as [57]
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- Authors
- Garaulet, M., Sánchez-Moreno, C., Smith, C. E., Lee, Y.-C., Nicolás, F., & Ordovás, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Murcia (ES)
- Tufts University (US)
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Garaulet, Marta
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2011-02-28
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e17435
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3046145
- OpenAlex
- W2017308863
- Cited by
- 132
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 6.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (58-1950-9-001, 53‐K06‐5‐10)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL54776, 58-1950-9-001, R01HL054776, 53-K06-5-10)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK-075030, R01DK075030)
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (L60 MD003562)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- ghrelin, sleep duration, clock genes, weight loss, obesity, leptin, dietary habits, circadian rhythm
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sleep, Sleep Wake Disorders, Weight Loss, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Overweight, Ghrelin, Young Adult, CLOCK Proteins
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