Can psychedelic use benefit meditation practice? Examining individual, psychedelic, and meditation-related factors
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Abstract
Introduction: Meditation practice and psychedelic use have attracted increasing attention in the public sphere and scientific research. Both methods induce non-ordinary states of consciousness that may have significant therapeutic benefits. Thus, there is growing scientific interest in potential synergies between psychedelic use and meditation practice with some research suggesting that psychedelics may benefit meditation practice. The present study examined individual, psychedelic-related, and meditation-related factors to determine under what conditions meditators perceive psychedelic use as beneficial for their meditation practice. Method: Participants ( N = 863) who had reported psychedelic use and a regular meditation practice (at least 3 times per week during the last 12 months) were included in the study. To accommodate a large number of variables, machine learning (i.e., elastic net, random forest) was used to analyze the data. Results: Most participants ( n = 634, 73.5%) found psychedelic use to have a positive influence on their quality of meditation. Twenty-eight variables showed significant zero-order associations with perceived benefits even following a correction. Elastic net had the best performance (R 2 = .266) and was used to identify the most important features. Across 53 variables, the model found that greater use of psychedelics, intention setting during psychedelic use, agreeableness, and exposure to N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (N,N-DMT) were most likely to be associated with the perception that psychedelics benefit meditation practice. The results were consistent across several different approaches used to identify the most important variables (i.e., Shapley values, feature ablation). Discussion: Results suggest that most meditators found psychedelic use to have a positive influence on their meditation practice, with: 1) regularity of psychedelic use, 2) the setting of intentions for psychedelic use, 3) having an agreeable personality, and 4) reported use of N,N-DMT being the most likely predictors of perceiving psychedelic use as beneficial. Longitudinal designs and randomized trials manipulating psychedelic use are needed to establish causality.
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Jiwani, Z., Lam, S. U., Davidson, R. J., & Goldberg, S. B. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01985-6 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationExamining equity in access and utilization of a freely available meditation app
Jiwani, Z., Tatar, R., Dahl, C. J., Wilson‐Mendenhall, C. D., Hirshberg, M. J., Davidson, R. J., & Goldberg, S. B. (2023) · npj Mental Health Research · doi:10.1038/s44184-023-00025-y · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationSchlosser, M., Barnhofer, T., Requier, F., Deza-Araujo, Y. I., Abdoun, O., Marchant, N. L., Chételat, G., Collette, F., Klimecki, O., Antoine Lutz, A., et al. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-021-01816-0 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationMeling, D., Egger, K., Aicher, H., Redondo, J. J., Mueller, J., Dornbierer, J., Temperli, E., Vasella, E. A., Caflisch, L., Pfeiffer, D., et al. (2024) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811241282637 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
A Brief History of Buddhist Absorption
Anālayo, B. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01268-7 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Neural and subjective effects of inhaled DMT in natural settingsPreprint
Pallavicini, C., Cavanna, F., Zamberlán, F., de la Fuente, L. A., Perl, Y. S., Arias, M., Romero, C., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Timmermann, C., & Tagliazucchi, E. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.08.19.258145 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationClassic Psychedelic Use and Current Meditation Practice
Simonsson, C., Chambers, R., Hendricks, P. S., Goldberg, S. B., Osika, W., Schlosser, M., Ryde, A., Christersson, E., & Simonsson, O. (2023) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02103-w · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationSinger, B., Meling, D., Hirsch‐Hoffmann, M., Michels, L., Kometer, M., Smigielski, L., Dornbierer, D., Seifritz, E., Vollenweider, F. X., & Scheidegger, M. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-55726-x · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Simonsson, O., Osika, W., Stenfors, C. U. D., Goldberg, S. B., Honk, L., & Hendricks, P. S. (2023) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291723003082 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationAzmoodeh, K., Thomas, E., & Kamboj, S. K. (2023) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/pha0000617 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Riordan, K. M., Simonsson, O., Frye, C. J., Vack, N. J., Sachs, J., Fitch, D., Goldman, R. I., Chiang, E. S., Dahl, C. J., Davidson, R. J., et al. (2024) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/cou0000725 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Relationship Between Psychedelic Use, Mystical Experiences, and Pro-Environmental Behaviors
Paterniti, K., Bright, S. J., & Gringart, E. (2022) · Journal of Humanistic Psychology · doi:10.1177/00221678221111024 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy: Potential Synergies
Chambers, R., Stoliker, D., & Simonsson, O. (2023) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02206-4 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationGoldberg, S. B., Kendall, A. D., Hirshberg, M. J., Dahl, C. J., Nahum-Shani, I. B., Davidson, R. J., & Bray, B. C. (2024) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/21677026241266567 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationBest Practices in Supervised Machine Learning: A Tutorial for PsychologistsPreprint
Pargent, F., Schoedel, R., & Stachl, C. (2022) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/89snd · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Simonsson, O., Hendricks, P. S., Stenfors, C. U. D., Goldberg, S. B., Honk, L., & Osika, W. (2023) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811231218931 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationPerformance of LASSO and Elastic net estimators in Misspecified Linear Regression Model
Kayanan, M., & Wijekoon, P. (2019) · Ceylon Journal of Science · doi:10.4038/cjs.v48i3.7654 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
View, meditation, action: A Tibetan framework to inform psychedelic-assisted therapy
Simonds, C. H. (2023) · Journal of Psychedelic Studies · doi:10.1556/2054.2023.00255 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Psychedelics and Mindfulness: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisPreprint
Radakovic, C., Radaković, R., Peryer, G., & Geere, J. (2021) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/yu7jf · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Into the wild frontier: Mapping the terrain of adverse events in psychedelic-assisted therapies
Simonsson, O., Goldberg, S. B., & Hendricks, P. S. (2024) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811241292944 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationPsychedelics and meditation: a neurophilosophical perspective
Letheby, C. (2022) · PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation) · doi:10.4324/9781003127253-16 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Schlosser, M., Gonneaud, J., Poletti, S., Bouet, R., Klimecki, O., Collette, F., Marchant, N. L., Chételat, G., Antoine Lutz, A., André, C., et al. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-77069-3 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citation
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Kanna, R. K., Kshirsagar, P. R., Thiagarajan, R., Tak, T. K., & Sivaneasan, B. (2025) · International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Technovation · doi:10.54392/irjmt25212 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Lewis, B. R., Hendrick, J., Byrne, K., Odette, M. M., Wu, C., & Garland, E. L. (2025) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1004519 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Happawana, K. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-06290-1_6
Toward an interdisciplinary mind science of advanced meditation
Lieberman, J. M., & Sacchet, M. D. (2026) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2026.07.009
Byrne, K., Odette, M. M., Garland, E. L., & Lewis, B. R. (2026) · Journal of Affective Disorders Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101187
- Authors
- Jiwani, Z., Goldberg, S. B., Stroud, J., Young, J., Curtin, J., Dunne, J. D., Simonsson, O., Webb, C. A., Carhart-Harris, R., & Schlosser, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- University College London (GB)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Harvard University (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schlosser, Marco
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2025-02-12
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e0310160
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11819602
- OpenAlex
- W4407394179
- Cited by
- 6
- References
- 118
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4
- FWCI
- 7.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- medRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Tommy Fuss Fund
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH116969)
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (K23AT010879, R01AT011002)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychedelics and Drug Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs
- Keywords
- psychedelic use, meditation practice, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, agreeableness, personality traits, non-ordinary states of consciousness
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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