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PPARα: Energy Combustion, Hypolipidemia, Inflammation and Cancer

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Pyper, Sean R., Viswakarma, Navin, Yu, Songtao, Reddy, Janardan K.·2010·Nuclear Receptor Signaling

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Abstract

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα, or NR1C1) is a nuclear hormone receptor activated by a structurally diverse array of synthetic chemicals known as peroxisome proliferators. Endogenous activation of PPARα in liver has also been observed in certain gene knockout mouse models of lipid metabolism, implying the existence of enzymes that either generate (synthesize) or degrade endogenous PPARα agonists. For example, substrates involved in fatty acid oxidation can function as PPARα ligands. PPARα serves as a xenobiotic and lipid sensor to regulate energy combustion, hepatic steatosis, lipoprotein synthesis, inflammation and liver cancer. Mainly, PPARα modulates the activities of all three fatty acid oxidation systems, namely mitochondrial and peroxisomal β-oxidation and microsomal co-oxidation, and thus plays a key role in energy expenditure. Sustained activation of PPARα by either exogenous or endogenous agonists leads to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma resulting from sustained oxidative and possibly endoplasmic reticulum stress and liver cell proliferation. PPARα requires transcription coactivator PPAR-binding protein (PBP)/mediator subunit 1(MED1) for its transcriptional activity.

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Human Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor α (PPARα) Supports the Induction of Peroxisome Proliferation in PPARα-deficient Mouse Liver
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Atherosclerosis as an Inflammatory Process
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Self-citation
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Conditional Ablation of Mediator Subunit MED1 (MED1/PPARBP) Gene in Mouse Liver Attenuates Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonist Dexamethasone-Induced Hepatic Steatosis
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Cooperative Formation of Higher Order Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor and Retinoid X Receptor Complexes on the Peroxisome Proliferator Responsive Element of the Rat Hydratase-Dehydrogenase Gene
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Glucose Directly Links to Lipid Metabolism through High Affinity Interaction with Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor α
Hostetler, H. A., Huang, H., Kier, A. B., & Schroeder, F. (2007) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m705138200 · Cited by 40
The V227A polymorphism at the PPARA locus is associated with serum lipid concentrations and modulates the association between dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and serum high density lipoprotein concentrations in Chinese women
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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α Contributes to the Resolution of Inflammation after Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
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Chlamydia pneumoniae induces macrophage‐derived foam cell formation via PPAR α and PPAR γ‐dependent pathways
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Coordinate induction of PPARα and SREBP2 in multifunctional protein 2 deficient mice
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Transcription coactivator PBP/MED1-deficient hepatocytes are not susceptible to diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in the mouse
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Novel Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α Agonists Lower Low-Density Lipoprotein and Triglycerides, Raise High-Density Lipoprotein, and Synergistically Increase Cholesterol Excretion with a Liver X Receptor Agonist
Mukherjee, R., Locke, K. T., Miao, B., Meyers, D. S., Monshizadegan, H., Zhang, R., Search, D. J., Grimm, D., Flynn, M. A., O’Malley, K. M., et al. (2008) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.108.143271 · Cited by 38

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Interplay between oxidant species and energy metabolism
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See all 379

Authors: Pyper, S. R., Viswakarma, N., Yu, S., & Reddy, J. K.
Venue: Nuclear Receptor Signaling
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2010-01
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Pages: e002-e002
ISSN: 1550-7629 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1621/nrs.08002
OpenAlex: W1974658675
Cited by: 379
References: 217
FWCI: 14.30
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid

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PPARα: Energy Combustion, Hypolipidemia, Inflammation and Cancer

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