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Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Growing interest on the effects of home telemonitoring on patients with chronic heart failure (HF) has led to a rise in the number of systematic reviews addressing the same or very similar research questions with a concomitant increase in discordant findings. Differences in the scope, methods of analysis, and methodological quality of systematic reviews can cause great confusion and make it difficult for policy makers and clinicians to access and interpret the available evidence and for researchers to know where knowledge gaps in the extant literature exist. OBJECTIVE: This overview aims to collect, appraise, and synthesize existing evidence from multiple systematic reviews on the effectiveness of home telemonitoring interventions for patients with chronic heart failure (HF) to inform policy makers, practitioners, and researchers. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was performed on MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library to identify all relevant, peer-reviewed systematic reviews published between January 1996 and December 2013. Reviews were searched and screened using explicit keywords and inclusion criteria. Standardized forms were used to extract data and the methodological quality of included reviews was appraised using the AMSTAR (assessing methodological quality of systematic reviews) instrument. Summary of findings tables were constructed for all primary outcomes of interest, and quality of evidence was graded by outcome using the GRADE (Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) system. Post-hoc analysis and subgroup meta-analyses were conducted to gain further insights into the various types of home telemonitoring technologies included in the systematic reviews and the impact of these technologies on clinical outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 15 reviews published between 2003 and 2013 were selected for meta-level synthesis. Evidence from high-quality reviews with meta-analysis indicated that taken collectively, home telemonitoring interventions reduce the relative risk of all-cause mortality (0.60 to 0.85) and heart failure-related hospitalizations (0.64 to 0.86) compared with usual care. Absolute risk reductions ranged from 1.4%-6.5% and 3.7%-8.2%, respectively. Improvements in HF-related hospitalizations appeared to be more pronounced in patients with stable HF: hazard ratio (HR) 0.70 (95% credible interval [Crl] 0.34-1.5]). Risk reductions in mortality and all-cause hospitalizations appeared to be greater in patients who had been recently discharged (≤28 days) from an acute care setting after a recent HF exacerbation: HR 0.62 (95% CrI 0.42-0.89) and HR 0.67 (95% CrI 0.42-0.97), respectively. However, quality of evidence for these outcomes ranged from moderate to low suggesting that further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the observed estimates of effect and may change these estimates. The post-hoc analysis identified five main types of non-invasive telemonitoring technologies included in the systematic reviews: (1) video-consultation, with or without transmission of vital signs, (2) mobile telemonitoring, (3) automated device-based telemonitoring, (4) interactive voice response, and (5) Web-based telemonitoring. Of these, only automated device-based telemonitoring and mobile telemonitoring were effective in reducing the risk of all-cause mortality and HF-related hospitalizations. More research data are required for interactive voice response systems, video-consultation, and Web-based telemonitoring to provide robust conclusions about their effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS: Future research should focus on understanding the process by which home telemonitoring works in terms of improving outcomes, identify optimal strategies and the duration of follow-up for which it confers benefits, and further investigate whether there is differential effectiveness between chronic HF patient groups and types of home telemonitoring technologies.
Checked 2026-10-06 · 2 references not checked yet
Overview
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Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This overview of 15 systematic reviews found that home telemonitoring for chronic heart failure was associated with reduced all-cause mortality and HF-related hospitalizations versus usual care, but the quality of evidence was moderate to low. Post-hoc analyses suggested only automated device-based and mobile telemonitoring were effective, while other technologies lacked robust data.
Key findings
- Across high-quality reviews with meta-analysis, home telemonitoring reduced the relative risk of all-cause mortality (0.60 to 0.85) and HF-related hospitalizations (0.64 to 0.86) compared with usual care; absolute risk reductions ranged from 1.4%-6.5% and 3.7%-8.2%, respectively.
- The strongest evidence (moderate quality) came from a Cochrane review: all-cause mortality RR 0.66 (95% CI 0.54-0.81) in 2710 patients/11 RCTs, ARR 5.2%, number needed to treat 19; HF-related hospitalizations RR 0.79 (95% CI 0.67-0.94) in 1570 patients/4 RCTs, ARR 6%.
- Recently discharged patients (≤28 days) showed greater reductions in mortality and all-cause hospitalizations: HR 0.62 (95% CrI 0.42-0.89) and HR 0.67 (95% CrI 0.42-0.97), respectively, but quality of evidence was low.
- Post-hoc analyses found automated device-based telemonitoring reduced all-cause mortality (RR 0.65 [0.54-0.79]) and HF-related hospitalizations (RR 0.77 [0.64-0.91]); mobile telemonitoring showed beneficial but statistically inconclusive trends; interactive voice response and video-consultation were not associated with benefit.
Methods
- Overview of systematic reviews: searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library through December 2013, updated December 2014; included 15 peer-reviewed systematic reviews published 2003-2013 (18 references), covering 105 primary HT studies.
- Data extraction, AMSTAR quality appraisal, GRADE evidence grading, summary-of-findings tables, citation overlap analysis, and a taxonomy classifying reviews by PICO characteristics.
- Post-hoc subgroup meta-analyses of RCTs by home telemonitoring technology used risk ratios, intention-to-treat analysis, Mantel-Haenszel method, and random-effects models; some included reviews used Bayesian credible intervals.
Limitations
- The paper states overviews are constrained by the quality and reporting of included reviews, publication lag, and overlap between reviews; only 3/15 reviews were high quality (AMSTAR ≥8), 4 were moderate, and 8 were low quality.
- The paper states evidence quality was moderate to low due to risk of bias, imprecision, and heterogeneity; most trials lacked details on randomization, allocation concealment, and blinding, and one third of trials contributing data received commercial funding.
- Evident from the text: the post-hoc technology analyses were exploratory, often based on few RCTs, and should be considered hypothesis-generating; the overview found no high-quality evidence for or against home telemonitoring effectiveness.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Improvements in HF-related hospitalizations appeared to be more pronounced in patients with stable HF: hazard ratio (HR) 0.70 (95% credible interval [Crl] 0.34-1.5]).”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Abstract > Results
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In the paper
“Four systematic reviews (27%), in addition to HT investigated the effects of structured telephone support (STS) on patients with HF [33,34,37,41].”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Description of the Included Systematic Reviews
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In the paper
“Evidence from high-quality reviews with meta-analysis indicated that taken collectively, home telemonitoring interventions reduce the relative risk of all-cause mortality (0.60 to 0.85) and heart failure-related hospitalizations (0.64 to 0.86) compared with usual care.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Abstract > Results
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Evidence from high-quality reviews with meta-analysis indicated that taken collectively, home telemonitoring interventions reduce the relative risk of all-cause mortality (0.60 to 0.85) and heart failure-related hospitalizations (0.64 to 0.86) compared with usual care. Absolute risk reductions ranged from 1.4%-6.5% and 3.7%-8.2%, respectively.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Abstract > Results
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, quality of evidence for these outcomes ranged from moderate to low suggesting that further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the observed estimates of effect and may change these estimates.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Abstract > Results
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In the paper
“Seven reviews (47%) included only RCTs [33,34,36,37,41,43,47].”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Description of the Included Systematic Reviews
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Risk reductions in mortality and all-cause hospitalizations appeared to be greater in patients who had been recently discharged (≤28 days) from an acute care setting after a recent HF exacerbation: HR 0.62 (95% CrI 0.42-0.89) and HR 0.67 (95% CrI 0.42-0.97), respectively.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Abstract > Results
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Evidence from high-quality reviews with meta-analysis indicated that taken collectively, home telemonitoring interventions reduce the relative risk of all-cause mortality (0.60 to 0.85) and heart failure-related hospitalizations (0.64 to 0.86) compared with usual care. Absolute risk reductions ranged from 1.4%-6.5% and 3.7%-8.2%, respectively.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Abstract > Results
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A total of 15 reviews published between 2003 and 2013 were selected for meta-level synthesis.”
- Also stated in: § Description of the Included Systematic Reviews · plain
“After completion of the screening process, we identified 15 systematic reviews for inclusion (18 references; 3 systematic reviews had duplicate publications) [33-50].”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Abstract > Results
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Of these, only automated device-based telemonitoring and mobile telemonitoring were effective in reducing the risk of all-cause mortality and HF-related hospitalizations.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Abstract > Results
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- Probably not a substantial claim. 42
- It may state two separate claims as one. 40
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, findings from these distinctively different interventions were analyzed and reported separately. Therefore, data extracted and presented in Table 2 from these reviews pertain only to the HT studies and not the STS ones.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Description of the Included Systematic Reviews
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In the paper
“After screening titles and abstracts, we retrieved 65 reviews in full text for further assessment.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Description of the Included Systematic Reviews
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In the paper
“Seven reviews (based on the corresponding author) originated in North America (Canada=5 and United States=2), 6 in Europe (United Kingdom=3, Greece=1, Netherlands=1, Spain=1), and 2 in Australia.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Description of the Included Systematic Reviews
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In the paper
“our search (up to December 13, 2013) yielded 4683 citations after removal of 771 duplicate references.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Description of the Included Systematic Reviews
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In the paper
“This process yielded 8 more reviews.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Description of the Included Systematic Reviews
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In the paper
“The total number of identified studies was 105; 38 (36%) referring to RCTs and 67 (64%) to observational studies.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Description of the Included Systematic Reviews
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In the paper
“After further assessment, we excluded 55 articles that did not meet our eligibility criteria.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Description of the Included Systematic Reviews
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In the paper
“All reviews were published in peer-reviewed journals.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Description of the Included Systematic Reviews
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In the paper
“Reviews were published between 2003 and 2013, with more than half (n=9) published in 2009 or later.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Description of the Included Systematic Reviews
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 9Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The number of HT studies identified and included in the reviews ranged from 4 to 42: mean 17.53 (SD 11.4).”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Description of the Included Systematic Reviews
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In the paper
“However, two systematic reviews were initially published as Health Technology Assessment reports and one as a Cochrane review.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Description of the Included Systematic Reviews
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The post-hoc analysis identified five main types of non-invasive telemonitoring technologies included in the systematic reviews: (1) video-consultation, with or without transmission of vital signs, (2) mobile telemonitoring, (3) automated device-based telemonitoring, (4) interactive voice response, and (5) Web-based telemonitoring.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Abstract > Results
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In the paper
“Five reviews (33%) contained meta-analysis for at least one primary outcome of interest, while the remaining 10 used narrative synthesis.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Description of the Included Systematic Reviews
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In the paper
“The NYHA class of participants in all but one review ranged from I to IV.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Population
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In the paper
“One review [37] focused primarily on HF patients who had been recently discharged (within 28 days) from an acute care setting after a recent HF exacerbation and conducted additional analyses to assess whether or not the results from these studies differed markedly from the results of studies that included patients with stable HF.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Population
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [37] source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Reviews consisted of a family of complex HT interventions, rather than a single type, involving various telehealth devices”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Intervention
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In the paper
“However, reporting of the active ingredients of these interventions was often poor in the included reviews and not consistently performed for all primary studies (eg, [36,38-40,46,47]).”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Intervention
What the sources say
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The remaining reviews, in addition to usual care, included RCTs that compared HT with other relevant comparators (eg, home visits or telephone support).”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Comparison
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In the paper
“The highest reported mean age in a study was 85 years [36] and the lowest was 48 years [39].”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Population
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In the paper
“Most frequently reported outcomes included all-cause mortality (11/15, 73%), hospital re-admissions (13/15, 87%), costs (12/15, 80%), and length of stay (9/15, 60%).”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Outcomes
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the majority of systematic reviews reported the mean age (12/15, 80%) and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class of the participants (10/15, 67%).”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Population
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Six reviews made a distinction between all-cause and HF-related hospitalizations, while the remaining reviews did not.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Outcomes
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In the paper
“Relative risk reductions in the four reviews that incorporated meta-analysis ranged from 14% (HR 0.86 [95% CI 0.61-1.21)] [37] to 36% (HR 0.64 [95% CrI 0.34-1.14]), while the ARR in HF-related hospitalizations extended from 3.7%-8.2%.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Home Telemonitoring Effects
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [37] source
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In the paper
“The ratio of cited to total published observational studies remained the same, as virtually all reviews that included studies with observational designs were classified in the same group (Comparison 6).”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Classification of Reviews
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In the paper
“Overall, the analysis yielded a mean ratio of 0.87 (95% CI 0.29-1.44) for RCTs in Comparison group 1, a mean ratio of 0.66 (95% CI 0.43-0.90) for RCTs in Comparison group 5, and a mean ratio of 0.48 (95% CI 0.28-0.67) for RCTs in Comparison group 6.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Classification of Reviews
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None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Remote monitoring strategies included STS, HT with clinical support during offices hours, and HT with clinical support provided 24/7.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Classification of Reviews
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None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The remaining six summarized the available evidence narratively using various qualitative or semi-quantitative techniques [38,39,41,43,45].”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Home Telemonitoring Effects
What the sources say
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Compliance, acceptability, emergency room visits, and patient satisfaction were reported in less than half of the reviews and thus were excluded from our analysis.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Outcomes
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The methodological quality of the reviews varied considerably, and many of them had important limitations (Table 5).”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Methodological Quality of Included Systematic Reviews
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None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Of them, five pooled study results into a meta-analysis [33-37].”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Home Telemonitoring Effects
What the sources say
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Other reviews had a broader scope of inquiry and examined the effects of HT interventions (with or without home visits) versus a variety of comparison interventions, including usual care, nursing telephone support, and/or home care.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Classification of Reviews
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Overall, reviews concluded that HT improved quality of life.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Home Telemonitoring Effects
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“For example, in one of the high-quality reviews, the authors concluded that HT improves quality of life, but only three of the seven studies that reported data for this outcome found positive and statistically significant improvements.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Home Telemonitoring Effects
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These included (1) automated device-based telemonitoring (TM and TM+), (2) mobile telemonitoring (MT), (3) automated interactive voice response (IVR), and (4) video-consultation with trans-telephonic vital signs monitoring (VC+).”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Opening the Black Box of Home Telemonitoring Technologies
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These interventions were further categorized into three mutually exclusive subgroups, based on the technological characteristics of the intervention, as well as methods of data collection and transmission.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Opening the Black Box of Home Telemonitoring Technologies
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In the other two studies, the process of measurement and transmission was not automated.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Opening the Black Box of Home Telemonitoring Technologies
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Two used structured telephone support only (denoted in Figure 3 as “STS”), while a third study used a pager to transmit computer-generated reminders to the patient to take medications, weigh themselves, and measure their blood pressure and heart rate.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Opening the Black Box of Home Telemonitoring Technologies
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“No significant differences were found for all-cause mortality (RR 0.95 [0.35-2.53], P=.91) owing to the small number of patients and events.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Opening the Black Box of Home Telemonitoring Technologies
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Three observational studies cited across 4 systematic reviews involved the use of other communication platforms that could not be classified under any of the above categories.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Opening the Black Box of Home Telemonitoring Technologies
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Eleven reviews examined the effects of HT interventions on cost savings, but none of them pooled results into a meta-analysis due to the inconsistency in cost-analysis methods used in the original studies.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Home Telemonitoring Effects
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As shown at the bottom of Table 10, when considered collectively, HT interventions without home visits are associated with a statistically significant, relative risk reduction of all-cause mortality (RR 0.73 [0.62-0.85], P<.001) and HF-related hospitalizations (RR 0.79 [0.69-0.91], P=.001) of 27% and 21%, respectively.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Opening the Black Box of Home Telemonitoring Technologies
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In the remaining studies (1 RCT and 3 observational), the intervention involved use of stand-alone videoconferencing equipment without transmission of vital signs.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Opening the Black Box of Home Telemonitoring Technologies
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This overview appraised and summarized evidence from 15 systematic reviews assessing the effects of HT interventions on patients with HF.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Discussion > Summary of the Evidence
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Eight reviews concurred that the impact of HT interventions on health care costs appeared to be positive in more cases than not, but in general results were statistically inconclusive and varied depending on the context and specific national health system of the study [34,36,38,39,41,43,44,47].”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Home Telemonitoring Effects
What the sources say
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Studies that involved telemonitoring of vital signs and symptoms through individualized symptom response systems (TM+) yielded slightly smaller effects with respect to all-cause mortality and all-cause hospitalizations than studies involving telemonitoring of vital signs only (TM). However, this difference was not statistically significant.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Opening the Black Box of Home Telemonitoring Technologies
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Evidence about cost-effectiveness remains limited, and there are no reliable data on the long-term benefits and economic implications of HT interventions [51].”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Discussion > Summary of the Evidence
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [51] source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As shown in this overview, there exists a considerable body of evidence evaluating the effectiveness of HT interventions for patients with HF.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Discussion > Implications for Research
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The results from the principal analysis of this overview suggest that compared with usual care, HT interventions improve survival rates and reduce the risk of HF-related hospitalizations.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Discussion > Conclusions
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Quality of evidence in included systematic reviews was assessed by outcome using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system criteria [17-27].”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Methods > Quality of Evidence in Included Systematic Reviews
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [17] source
- Not checked yetcites [18] source
- Not checked yetcites [19] source
- Not checked yetcites [20] source
- Not checked yetcites [21] source
- Not checked yetcites [22] source
- Not checked yetcites [23] source
- Not checked yetcites [24] source
- Not checked yetcites [25] source
- Not checked yetcites [26] source
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“AMSTAR is a validated instrument that uses 11 items to assess the degree to which review methods are unbiased.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Methods > Quality Assessment of Included Reviews
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [16] source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, quality of evidence for these outcomes ranged from moderate to low suggesting that further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the observed estimates of effect and may change these estimates.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Abstract > Results
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“In cases where reviews had not performed a risk of bias assessment, we performed this task independently using the six criteria of the Cochrane Collaboration tool [28].”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Methods > Quality of Evidence in Included Systematic Reviews
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [28] Higgins, Julian PT, 2008, Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions: Cochrane Book Series source
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“The methodological quality of the included systematic reviews was independently assessed by the first two authors using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) tool [16].”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Methods > Quality Assessment of Included Reviews
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [16] source
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“As shown below, the Cochrane Collaboration methodology [11] and available methodological guidelines for overviews of reviews [12,13] were rigorously applied throughout this study.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Methods > Overview
What the sources say
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Full-text articles were then retrieved and independently assessed for inclusion by the first 2 authors.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Methods > Selection of Systematic Reviews
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“It can be particularly helpful for those living in remote and rural areas, the elderly and frail who are housebound, as well as those at high risk of deterioration [5].”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [5] source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“No language restrictions were applied.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Methods > Search Methods
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Overviews of systematic reviews are an efficient way to gather and summarize in a single source the best available evidence on the effectiveness of interventions.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [10] source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“To ensure consistency of assessment between the 2 assessors, we developed decision support rules for scoring each criterion (Multimedia Appendix 2).”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Methods > Quality Assessment of Included Reviews
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Data were extracted by the first author and were verified for accuracy by the second.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Methods > Data Extraction
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In the preliminary stage, all titles and abstracts were screened by the first author according to the pre-specified inclusion criteria described in Table 1.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Methods > Selection of Systematic Reviews
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“A recent critical review indicated that among all chronic conditions, HF has attracted the highest number of primary studies and systematic reviews [7].”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [7] source
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Searches were supplemented by manual searching of two relevant scientific journals (ie, Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare and Telemedicine and e-Health) and screening of relevant reviews’ bibliographies.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Methods > Search Methods
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“As shown in Table 9, the strongest evidence (moderate quality) comes from a high-quality meta-analysis of 4 large RCTs (N=1570 patients), which found statistically significant risk reductions of 21% in HF-related hospitalizations with HT versus usual care, equating to an ARR of 6% (95% CI-1.7 to -9.7) [34].”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Home Telemonitoring Effects
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [34] source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“While HT with 24/4 clinical support yielded beneficial but marginally lower relative effects than those observed in recently discharged patients: HR 0.84 (95% CrI 0.54-1.15); ARR 5.7% (-1.8 to 4.8%).”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Home Telemonitoring Effects
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [37] source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one. The quote only partly states this claim.
In the paper
“In the pooling of all-cause mortality data from 11 RCTs involving 2710 patients with HF, HT resulted in statistically significant risk reduction of 34% (RR 0.66 [95% CI 0.54-0.81]); an ARR of 5.2% (95% CI -2.9 to -7.1), equating to a number needed to treat of 19 to postpone one death.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Home Telemonitoring Effects
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [34] source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“However, results were statistically inconclusive and the overall quality of evidence was found to be low, suggesting that these estimates should be interpreted with caution until more evidence accumulates.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Home Telemonitoring Effects
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [37] source
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We were able to extract data from all 105 primary studies, with the exception of 8 observational studies that could not be retrieved.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Results > Opening the Black Box of Home Telemonitoring Technologies
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“these findings should be interpreted with caution and be considered as hypothesis generating rather than hypothesis testing due to the exploratory nature of our investigation.”
§ Effects of Home Telemonitoring Interventions on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews > Discussion > Conclusions
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper relies on this without support.
Systematic reviews of home telemonitoring for heart failure have produced discordant findings in terms of direction and magnitude of home telemonitoring effects.
“Growing interest on the effects of home telemonitoring on patients with HF has led to a rise in the number of reviews addressing the same or very similar research questions with a concurrent increase in discordant findings in terms of direction and magnitude of HT effects.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Differences in scope, methods of analysis, results, and quality of systematic reviews make it difficult for policy makers to access and interpret review-level evidence and for researchers to identify evidence gaps.
“Differences in scope, methods of analysis, results, and quality of systematic reviews can cause great confusion and make it difficult for policy makers to access the review-level evidence, and for researchers to know where gaps in the evidence exist.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Home telemonitoring enables early detection of clinical decompensation in patients with heart failure, allowing timely intervention to prevent mortality events or further deterioration necessitating hospitalization.
“By allowing clinical data to be remotely collected on a regular basis, HT can enable early detection of clinical decompensation in patients with HF, allowing for timely intervention to prevent mortality events or further deterioration of the patient’s condition necessitating hospitalization and use of more resources.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“A recent metareview of heart failure telemonitoring interventions showed a reduction in all-cause mortality (relative risk 0.60-0.85) and heart failure hospitalizations (relative risk 0.64-0.86) in an analysis of 15 meta-analyses [74].”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Conclusion calls mobile telemonitoring effective despite inconclusive results
MajorThe conclusion says mobile telemonitoring is effective at reducing mortality and HF-related hospitalizations, whereas the mobile-telemonitoring results explicitly say both outcomes were statistically inconclusive.
“The results of the post-hoc analyses suggest that only interventions involving automated device-based telemonitoring and mobile telemonitoring are effective in reducing the risk of all-cause mortality and HF-related hospitalizations.”
“However, results for both of these outcomes were statistically inconclusive owing to the small number and size of RCTs in this group.”
Conflicting counts of reviews reporting costs
MinorThe outcomes section says 12 reviews reported costs, while the cost-savings section says 11 examined that outcome.
“costs (12/15, 80%)”
“Eleven reviews examined the effects of HT interventions on cost savings”
Conflicting counts of reviews reporting length of stay
MinorThe outcomes section reports nine reviews for length of stay, but the dedicated section reports eight.
“length of stay (9/15, 60%)”
“The impact of HT on hospital length of stay due to exacerbated HF events and/or any cause hospitalization was examined in eight reviews.”
Louis review study-design counts do not total 24
MinorThe listed 6 RCTs and 12 observational studies total 18, not the stated 24 studies. The remaining six studies are not accounted for in this breakdown.
Reported 24 · recomputed 18
“24 studies (6 RCTs, 12 observational)”
All-cause hospitalization confidence-limit percentage is tenfold too small
MinorThe table's lower confidence limit of 181 fewer per 1000 is 18.1% fewer, not the 1.8% given in the prose for the same 5.7% reduction.
“ARR 5.7% (-1.8 to 4.8%).”
“57 fewer per 1000 (from 181 fewer to 48 more)”
Citations
Cites
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the PRISMA statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & for the PRISMA Group (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b2535 · Cited by 83,823
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & The PRISMA Group (2009) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097 · Cited by 64,042 · cited 1×
“Finally, given our observation that 80% (12/15) of the systematic reviews assessed in this overview had moderate or major methodological limitations, researchers are strongly encouraged to closely adhere to the available methodological and reporting guidelines for systematic reviews [70-72] and consider the AMSTAR eva…”
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement.
(2009) · PubMed Central · Cited by 44,859
Liberati, A., Altman, D. G., Tetzlaff, J., Mulrow, C., Gøtzsche, P. C., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Clarke, M., Devereaux, P. J., Kleijnen, J., & Moher, D. (2009) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000100 · Cited by 28,164 · cited 1×
“…limitations, researchers are strongly encouraged to closely adhere to the available methodological and reporting guidelines for systematic reviews [70-72] and consider the AMSTAR evaluation criteria [16] in order to improve the methodological rigor and reporting quality of their work.”
Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions: Cochrane Book Series
(2008) · doi:10.1002/9780470712184 · Cited by 25,048 · cited 1×
“Finally, given our observation that 80% (12/15) of the systematic reviews assessed in this overview had moderate or major methodological limitations, researchers are strongly encouraged to closely adhere to the available methodological and reporting guidelines for systematic reviews [70-72] and consider the AMSTAR eva…”
Dermyshi, E., Wang, Y., Yan, C., Hong, W., Qiu, G., Gong, X., & Zhang, T. (2017) · Neonatology · doi:10.1159/000454668 · Cited by 24,586
McDonagh, T. A., Metra, M., Adamo, M., Gardner, R. S., Baumbach, A., Böhm, M., Burri, H., Butler, J., Čelutkienė, J., Chioncel, O. D., et al. (2021) · PubMed · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab670 · Cited by 20,604
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.06.005 · Cited by 19,575
Wang, G., Ma, R., Qiao, G., Wada, K., Aizawa, Y., & Satoh, T. (2015) · Integrative Medicine International · doi:10.1159/000368408 · Cited by 18,762
Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T., & Rothstein, H. R. (2009) · doi:10.1002/9780470743386 · Cited by 14,225
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Jadad, A R, 1997, CMAJ, 156, 1411
- ESC Press OfficeIndividualised treatment for heart failure is rarely available outside hospital - New telemonitoring systems could ‘radically’ change the situation200905302014-09-20http://www.escardio.org/about/press/press-releases/pr-09/Pages/Individualised-treatment-HF-hospital.aspxESC Press release Heart Failure Congress 2009http://www.escardio.org/about/press/press-releases/pr-09/Pages/Individualised-treatment-HF-hospital.aspx6WaYcS3L3
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Items 201–300 of 326
Literature review of managerial levers in primary care
Garagiola, E., Creazza, A., & Porazzi, E. (2020) · Journal of Health Organization and Management · doi:10.1108/jhom-10-2019-0288 · Cited by 4
Chen, H., Xiong, X., Liu, S., Liu, M., Chen, L., Li, Y., Wu, R., & Wang, H. (2025) · Asian Nursing Research · doi:10.1016/j.anr.2025.03.004 · Cited by 3
An investigation of factors impacting the acceptance of telehealth in rural India
Moray, R. (2025) · Discover Social Science and Health · doi:10.1007/s44155-025-00250-0 · Cited by 6
Cajita, M., Peters, L. L., Rao, V. N., Kitsiou, S., Leigh, J. W., Kansal, M. M., Vuckovic, K. M., Reilly, C. M., Bozkurt, B., Fedson, S., et al. (2026) · Journal of Cardiac Failure · doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2025.08.029 · Cited by 3
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“[12,13] 17] Undergraduate medical curricula have limited telemedicine training and experiential components and may be responsible for poor knowledge among professionals.”
BackgroundIntegrating digital Health services: The role of the government and the challenge of cost allocation
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“Last decade, much research has been conducted on tele monitoring heart failure (HF) patients [10].”
BackgroundTelerehabilitation During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Gharib, M., & Rahmani, N. (2021) · فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی توانبخشی · doi:10.32598/rj.22.1.426.13 · Cited by 3
IT-інфраструктура для персоналізованого мобільного здоров'я
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Home-based telemonitoring care and executive function in patients with heart failure
Kaneko, T., Tanaka, A., Takamori, A., Hongo, H., Sakamoto, Y., Yajima, A., Asaka, M., Ajimi, T., Kamishita, K., Inoue, Y., et al. (2025) · Hypertension Research · doi:10.1038/s41440-025-02199-8 · Cited by 3
Technologies for Ageing in Place: A Systematic Review of Reviews and Meta-analyses
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[Current status and future of telemonitoring : Scenarios for telemedical care in 2025].
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“Verschiede Arbeiten mit systematischen Literaturübersichten [2] undMetaanalysen fokussieren die Auswirkungen und den Nutzen von Telemonitoring [6, 11, 12, 23].”
MethodAlsultan, D. A. H., & Jalal, S. M. (2025) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2025.1506441 · Cited by 2
Șerbănoiu, L. I., Busnatu, Ș., Lacraru, A., Pană, M.-A., Guberna, S. M., Trache, D., Elena, P., Andrei, C. L., & Sinescu, C. J. (2025) · Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences · doi:10.3389/fresc.2025.1580991 · Cited by 2
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“…tools allow physiological parameters (such as heart rate or oxygen saturation) to be monitored, provide person-alised education, alerts, and real-time feedback, and facilitate communication between healthcare professionals and patients, as well as greater self-management by the latter [13–15].”
Guzman-Clark, J., Wakefield, B. J., Farmer, M. M., Yefimova, M., Viernes, B., Lee, M. L., & Hahn, T. J. (2020) · Telemedicine Journal and e-Health · doi:10.1089/tmj.2020.0312 · Cited by 2
“[1] Unfortunately, adherence to the use of home telemonitoring technologies were reported in less than half of the articles included in an overview of systematic reviews on the use of home telemonitoring in patients with heart failure.[5] In addition, there is a lack of discussion regarding the relationship between ou…”
Telemedicine for hypertension management: where we stand, where we are headed
Omboni, S. (2022) · Connected Health · doi:10.20517/ch.2022.09 · Cited by 2
Tavares, S., & Morini, S. (2023) · British Journal of Cardiac Nursing · doi:10.12968/bjca.2022.0086 · Cited by 2
Evaluation of vaccination coverage in heart failure patients in a tertiary center
Maire, A., Chapet, N., Aguilhon, S., Laugier, M.-L., Laffont-Lozes, P., Rigoni, M., Mathieu, B., Audurier, Y., Breuker, C., de Barry, G., et al. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18080 · Cited by 2
“In a meta-analysis including 15 studies conducted between 2003 and 2013, home telemonitoring interventions (especially automated device-based telemonitoring and mobile telemonitoring) reduced the relative risk of all-cause mortality and HF-related hospitalisations compared with usual care [22].”
BackgroundTransformative AIoT Applications in Medicine
Medida, L. H., Kumar, G. L. N. V. S., & Prasad, M. (2025) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-7703-1.ch014 · Cited by 2
Treatment of Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction—Recent Developments
Travessa, A., & Falcão, L. F. D. M. (2015) · American Journal of Therapeutics · doi:10.1097/mjt.0000000000000406 · Cited by 2
Partnering with home healthcare agencies to improve care transitions
Madigan, E. A. (2015) · Nursing Management · doi:10.1097/01.numa.0000469361.87189.9c · Cited by 2
Telehealth innovation: Current directions and future opportunities
Broderick, A., Lindeman, D. A., Dinesen, B., Kidholm, K., Spindler, H., Catz, S. L., & Baik, G. (2017) · VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet) · Cited by 2
Biomarkers for Remote Monitoring
Weimers, P., Ankersen, D. V., & Munkholm, P. S. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-11446-6_22 · Cited by 2
Borchers, P., Pfisterer, D., Scherpf, M., Voigt, K., & Bergmann, A. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0282527 · Cited by 2
Remote digital monitoring for selected chronic diseases in primary health care
Taloyan, M., Jaranka, A., Bidonde, J., Flodgren, G., Roberts, N. W., Hägglund, M., Nilsson, G. H., & Papachristou, P. (2023) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd015479 · Cited by 2
Clinician Attitudes Towards Telemonitoring for Heart Failure Care: Opportunities for Design Research
Vugs, S., Scholte, N. T. B., Markopoulos, P., & Ronner, E. (2023) · Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3544549.3585723 · Cited by 2
Intervenção educativa para o autocuidado de adultos com insuficiência cardíaca: estudo piloto
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Impact of Telemedicine and Telediagnostics on Risk Management in HealthcarePreprint
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Improving blood pressure control using digital communication methods in Serbia
Tasic, N., Tasic, D., Kovacevic, Z., Filipovic, M., Arsic, M., Bozovic-Ogarevic, S., Despotovic, B., Bojic, M., Maksimovic, Z., Zdravkovic, N., et al. (2022) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics12040914 · Cited by 1
“In addition, the use of digital forms of communication can be considered acceptable for young people in whom the incidence of HTA is increasing [23].”
BackgroundIoT Data Management and A Brief Analysis of IoT in the Health Industry
Hussain, M. Z., Hasan, M. Z., Suffian, M. O., Sarwar, M. A., Nosheen, S., Yaqub, M. A., & Bilal, A. (2023) · Computer Applications & Technological Solutions (CATS) · doi:10.1109/cats58046.2023.10424074 · Cited by 1
“According to [50] the author says that IoT devices may be used to monitor patients with chronic illnesses like diabetes and heart disease, giving healthcare professionals access to real-time data to modify treatment programs and 7.”
BackgroundImpact of Telemedicine on the Clinical Outcomes among Elderly Patients: A Systematic Review
Hossain, M. A. (2024) · Archives of Pharmacy Practice · doi:10.51847/2tavelw0xj · Cited by 1
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“These technologies aid in the better management of chronic illnesses like diabetes, hypertension, and heart failure by giving patients remote access to nurse care and real-time health monitoring [24].”
Wienands, L., Valenta, S., Leppla, L., Geest, S. D., Kovács, L., Teynor, A., & Krumme, J. (2025) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/60849 · Cited by 2
“By enabling early detection of health issues and interventions, such as adjusted medical regimens or prompted medical visits, RPM has the potential to improve the quality of life and even save the lives of patients managing these chronic conditions [7-10].”
Гаранин, А. А., Рубаненко, А. О., Trusov, Y. A., Rubanenko, O. A., & Djinibalaeva, J. V. (2025) · Russian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2025-6120 · Cited by 1
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“…collected through sensors in devices, such as wireless wrist-bands or implants, cameras, and/or reported by the patient via digital questionnaires or phone or video calls (Bavli et al. 2024; Farias et al. 2020; Malasinghe et al. 2019; Kitsiou et al. 2015; Bashshur et al. 2014; Paré et al. 2010).”
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Tópicos Emergentes em Insuficiência Cardíaca: Perspectivas Futuras
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Telemonitoring and Telerehabilitation Can Improve Health Status for Heart Failure? A Review
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“11,12 Telemonitoring for GDMT optimization led to an increase in the proportion of patients who achieved optimal GDMT doses, a decrease in the time to dose optimization, and a reduction in the number of clinic visits.”
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Effect of telemonitoring on self-care behaviors among community-dwelling adults with heart failure
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Impact of COVID-19 on Out-Patient Services - Physiotherapy's Perspectives
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On research work in information systems: Guidelines, recommendations and examples
Järvinen, P. (2021) · Jyväskylä University Digital Archive (University of Jyväskylä) · Cited by 1
Zippel‐Schultz, B., Schultz, C., & Helms, T. M. (2017) · Herzschrittmachertherapie + Elektrophysiologie · Cited by 1
Cardiology Clinic in COVID-19 Era- Review Article
Iqbal, N. (2021) · Journal of Regenerative Biology and Medicine · doi:10.37191/mapsci-2582-385x-3(5)-085 · Cited by 1
Coping and emotional well-being in patients with chronic heart failure
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van der Zweth, J. A. (2017) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) · Cited by 1
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Telehealth Use Among Older Adults During COVID 19
Mondal, R. (2025) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781394275397.ch2 · Cited by 1
Herzinsuffizienz — Diagnostik und Therapie in der Praxis
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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Older People
McLachlan, A. J. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802025-8.00009-x
2017 Monitoring and Teletransmission of Medical-Data in Heart Failure. First Report
Tajstra, M., Rozentryt, P., Gadula‐Gacek, E., Niedziela, J. T., Adamowicz‐Czoch, E., Ociessa, A., Gacek, A., Gwóżdź, A., Wilczek, M., Płaczek, A., et al. (2017) · Advances in intelligent systems and computing · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70063-2_13
Seatter, K. L. (2017) · ERA: Education and Research Archive (University of Alberta) · doi:10.7939/r3pg1j275
Gange, E. (2017) · ERA: Education and Research Archive (University of Alberta) · doi:10.7939/r35d8nv14
Nutritional telemonitoring for community-dwelling older adults : Feasibility and effectiveness
Atten, M. N. V. D.-V. (2019) · doi:10.18174/471933
Safari, M., & Monajjem, M. M. (2019) · International journal of body, mind and culture · doi:10.22122/ijbmc.v6i2.168
Vascular Parameters for Ambulatory Monitoring of Congestive Heart Failure Patients: Proof of Concept
Goy, C. B., Yanicelli, L. M., Vargas, N., Márquez, L. L. L., Tazar, J., Madrid, R. E., & Herrera, M. C. (2019) · Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology · doi:10.1007/s13239-019-00432-3
Telemonitoring for Patients with Complex Chronic Conditions in Nurse-led Integrated Care
Gordon, K. (2021) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
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Perception of Healthcare Providers in Agile Environment Imposed by the COVID-19
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“Treatment efficacy and patient evaluation using digital practice were already investigated for some acute and chronic musculoskeletal conditions, cardiac conditions, neurological problems, post-surgical rehabilitation, pain management, pelvic floor conditions, and respiratory dysfunctions, they found out the digital p…”
BackgroundTelemedicine systems to manage chronic disease
Biswas, U., Goh, C., Ooi, S., Lim, E., Redmond, S. J., & Lovell, N. H. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818914-6.00020-x
Chilcote, J. L., Summers, R. P., Vaz, D., Barber, R., Wariar, R., & Guichard, J. L. (2021) · Journal of Cardiac Failure · doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2021.07.010
Diffusion of the Digital Health Self-tracking Movement in CanadaPreprint
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Self-citationDigital Transformation is a Way to Increase the Effectiveness of Personal Telemedicine
Fedorov, V. F., & Stolyar, V. L. (2022) · International Conference on Digital Signal Processing and its Applications (DSPA) · doi:10.1109/dspa53304.2022.9790766
International Conference on Recent and Future Trends in Smart Electronics System and Manufacturing
Kotecha, K. V., Shah, P., Kshirsagar, U., Nandan, D., & Kantipudi, M. V. V. P. (2023) · doi:10.13052/rp-9788770229852
USO DA TELEMEDICINA AO LONGO DE SEU DESENVOLVIMENTO: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Oliveira, G. N., de Albuquerque, K. P., Gomes, B. S., Pompeu, E. O. C., Aguiar, A. C., Coutinho, C. R. S., Okamoto, S. L., Pinheiro, R. D. O. L., de Melo, A. A. S., & Patrocínio, M. C. A. (2023) · Editora Inovar eBooks · doi:10.36926/editorainovar-978-65-5388-115-0_011
Abordagens, questões e avanços na saúde e na sociedade
Inovar, E. (2023) · Editora Inovar eBooks · doi:10.36926/editorainovar-978-65-5388-115-0
DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE DE APNEIA OBSTRUTIVA DO SONO EM ADULTOS JOVENS E DE MEIA IDADE
Fernandes, J. A. D., Cardoso, M. F. B., Carregosa, F. F., Scott, M. C. P., de Lima, L. S. P. D. S. P. A., Martins, C. H. L., Nunes, H. D. S. S., & Pinto, J. A. (2023) · Editora Inovar eBooks · doi:10.36926/editorainovar-978-65-5388-115-0_006
ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO NA REALIZAÇÃO DO PRÉ-NATAL DE BAIXO RISCO NO CONTEXTO PANDÊMICO DA COVID-19
Ferreira, S. R. A., Fernandes, A. B. D. O., Gomes, I. G. N., Pessoa, L. S. T., Morais, L. N. S., & da Silva, L. M. (2023) · Editora Inovar eBooks · doi:10.36926/editorainovar-978-65-5388-115-0_005
ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO COMO LINHA DE FRENTE NO ENFRENTAMENTO DA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Pessoa, L. S. T., Fernandes, A. B. D. O., Gomes, I. G. N., Ferreira, S. R. A., & de Souza, J. P. D. (2023) · Editora Inovar eBooks · doi:10.36926/editorainovar-978-65-5388-115-0_004
A INFLUÊNCIA CLIMÁTICA NA PROPAGAÇÃO DO VÍRUS INFLUENZA A E B
dos Santos, J. V. P., da Silva, N. D. J. M., Damasceno, R. A. R., dos Santos, T. F., & de Oliveira, G. A. L. (2023) · Editora Inovar eBooks · doi:10.36926/editorainovar-978-65-5388-115-0_002
Barbosa, C. R. T., Soares, A. L., Lima, T. S., Teixeira, R., & Carvalho, G. C. G. (2023) · Editora Inovar eBooks · doi:10.36926/editorainovar-978-65-5388-115-0_003
DISCIPLINA POSITIVA: A EDUCAÇÃO ALÉM DO TRADICIONAL
Busatta, L. C., Natt, C. M., & Winck, C. S. M. (2023) · Editora Inovar eBooks · doi:10.36926/editorainovar-978-65-5388-115-0_007
Costa, G. D., Costa, J. G. D., Euzebio, N. A. S., & Lacerda, I. R. A. (2023) · Editora Inovar eBooks · doi:10.36926/editorainovar-978-65-5388-115-0_001
Albuquerque, C. T. F. D. S., Uchôa, L. M. D. R., Melo, A. B. R. D. A., Reis, F. B., Carneiro, M. J. A., & de Oliveira, A. S. F. (2023) · Editora Inovar eBooks · doi:10.36926/editorainovar-978-65-5388-115-0_008
Cerqueira, M. I. D. J. P., Barbosa, M. G. V., & Carvalho, G. C. G. (2023) · Editora Inovar eBooks · doi:10.36926/editorainovar-978-65-5388-115-0_010
PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA E O SÉCULO XXI: UMA PESQUISA BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Pereira, J. (2023) · Editora Inovar eBooks · doi:10.36926/editorainovar-978-65-5388-115-0_009
Estado actual y caso de uso de los sistemas de respuesta rápida
Rojas, G. M., Casanovas, D. E., Artigas, R. M., & Ortolá, C. F. (2023) · Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación · doi:10.1016/j.redar.2022.06.001
Weishäupl, K., Schuster, M., Mayrl, C., Humberger, D., Hoffstädter, A., Fischer, T., Punz-Reidlinger, B., Wiesmüller, F., Lauschensky, A., Hayn, D., et al. (2023) · Studies in health technology and informatics · doi:10.3233/shti230048
Role of Respiratory Technicians in Discharge Program from Hospital to Home
da Silva, M. P., Esteves, C., & Caneiras, C. S. G. (2023) · Noninvasive ventilation. The essentials · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-37796-9_41
Very Long-term Longitudinal Follow-up of Heart Failure on the REMADHE TrialPreprint
Bocchi, E. A., Guimarães, G. V., Romero, C. E., Ferreira, S. M. A., Biselli, B., Chizzola, P. R., Munhoz, R. T., Fukushima, J. T., & Cruz, F. D. D. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.03.26.24304939
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Transforming nursing care: The impact of information and communication technologies
Alkharji, N. A., Aldosary, N. M., Abdullah, . A., Alanazi, J. K., Albugami, M. M., Alshammari, A. A., Almutairi, L. M., Alanazi, M. S., Alsoulaimi, . M., ALKhabbaz, G. G., et al. (2018) · International Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.53730/ijhs.v2ns1.15003
“For criterion 9, which concerns the inappropriateness of methods used to combine findings, "yes" was indicated based on decision rules developed by Kitsiou et al. [45]: There is a dearth of empirical data in qualitative research on the evaluation of publishing bias, which is criteria 10 [46].”
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Blood pressure monitoring using telemedicine technologies in patients with chronic heart failure
Sultygova, E. A., Natalya, E. A., Yasneva, A. S., Gogiberidze, N. A., Zakharov, I. P., Chomakhidze, P. S., & Kopylov, F. Y. (2024) · Russian Medicine · doi:10.17816/medjrf625852
Home Based Optical Coherence Tomography
Busquets, M. A., Rapp, M., & Mohan, N. (2024) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1008361
Roubos, L. A. C., Westland, H., Brink, N. L. H. , Visser, R., van den Berg, J. W., & Leenen, J. P. L. (2025) · doi:10.2196/preprints.66743
Saldaña, D. M. A., Fonseca, D. A., Ardila, A. D. G., Moreno‐Fergusson, M. E., Torres, E. P., & Rondón, M. (2025) · CIN Computers Informatics Nursing · doi:10.1097/cin.0000000000001290
Older Adults’ Perceptions of Assistive Technology: Yes but No Thanks! (Preprint)Preprint
Jaana, M., Ryan, M. L., Tamim, H., Riachy, E., & Paré, G. (2025) · doi:10.2196/preprints.74214
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Kitsiou, S., Paré, G., & Jaana, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- HEC Montréal (CA)
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Kitsiou, Spyros
- Venue
- Journal of Medical Internet Research
- Publisher
- JMIR Publications Inc.
- Published
- 2015-03-12
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e63
- ISSN
- 1438-8871 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4376138
- OpenAlex
- W2074454475
- Semantic Scholar
- 498b1218d10c77894f3f577d87d5854f58e95106
- Cited by
- 327
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 11
- FWCI
- 4.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of Medical Internet Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- McMaster University
- Canada Research Chairs
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Failure Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Keywords
- home health monitoring, chronic heart failure, heart failure hospitalization, all-cause mortality, methodological quality of systematic reviews, AMSTAR, GRADE quality of evidence, heart failure exacerbation, patient-reported outcomes, quality of life, health-related quality of life, patient satisfaction
- MeSH terms
- Chronic Disease, Heart Failure, Hospitalization, Humans, Monitoring, Physiologic, Review Literature as Topic, Telemetry, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Telemedicine
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-06, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-06 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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