Benefits for Type 2 Diabetes of Interrupting Prolonged Sitting With Brief Bouts of Light Walking or Simple Resistance Activities

Dempsey, Paddy C.; Larsen, Robyn N.; Sethi, Parneet; Sacre, Julian W.; Straznicky, Nora E.; Cohen, Neale D.; Cerin, Ester; Lambert, Gavin W.; Owen, Neville; Kingwell, Bronwyn A.; Dunstan, David W.

doi:10.2337/dc15-2336

Cited by 405Physical Activity and HealthDiabetes Management and ResearchDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

Benefits for Type 2 Diabetes of Interrupting Prolonged Sitting With Brief Bouts of Light Walking or Simple Resistance Activities

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Dempsey, Paddy C., Larsen, Robyn N., Sethi, Parneet, Sacre, Julian W., Straznicky, Nora E., Cohen, Neale D., Cerin, Ester, Lambert, Gavin W. +3 more·2016·Diabetes Care

DOI 10.2337/dc15-2336

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether interrupting prolonged sitting with brief bouts of light-intensity walking (LW) or simple resistance activities (SRA) improves postprandial cardiometabolic risk markers in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In a randomized crossover trial, 24 inactive overweight/obese adults with T2D (14 men 62 ± 6 years old) underwent the following 8-h conditions on three separate days (with 6–14 days washout): uninterrupted sitting (control) (SIT), sitting plus 3-min bouts of LW (3.2 km · h−1) every 30 min, and sitting plus 3-min bouts of SRA (half-squats, calf raises, gluteal contractions, and knee raises) every 30 min. Standardized meals were consumed during each condition. Incremental areas under the curve (iAUCs) for glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and triglycerides were compared between conditions. RESULTS: Compared with SIT, both activity-break conditions significantly attenuated iAUCs for glucose (SIT mean 24.2 mmol · h · L−1 [95% CI 20.4–28.0] vs. LW 14.8 [11.0–18.6] and SRA 14.7 [10.9–18.5]), insulin (SIT 3,293 pmol · h · L−1 [2,887–3,700] vs. LW 2,104 [1,696–2,511] and SRA 2,066 [1,660–2,473]), and C-peptide (SIT 15,641 pmol · h · L−1 [14,353–16,929] vs. LW 11,504 [10,209–12,799] and SRA 11,012 [9,723–12,301]) (all P < 0.001). The iAUC for triglycerides was significantly attenuated for SRA (P < 0.001) but not for LW (SIT 4.8 mmol · h · L−1 [3.6–6.0] vs. LW 4.0 [2.8–5.1] and SRA 2.9 [1.7–4.1]). CONCLUSIONS: Interrupting prolonged sitting with brief bouts of LW or SRA attenuates acute postprandial glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and triglyceride responses in adults with T2D. With poor adherence to structured exercise, this approach is potentially beneficial and practical.

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Physical activity that breaks up sedentary behavior can have glycemic benefits.
“PA to break up sedentary behaviors can also have glycemic benefits.”
From The Impact of Physical Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (2025) · cites this paper as [83]
In adults with type 2 diabetes, interrupting prolonged sitting with 3 minutes of light walking or simple resistance activities every 30 minutes decreased postprandial sugars by 39%, insulin by about 36%, and triglycerides by 40% after simple resistance activities.
“Adults with T2DM had improvements in post-prandial sugars and triglyceride levels when interrupting prolonged sitting with 3minutes of light walking or simple resistance activities every 30 minutes.These values were measured as area under the curve over the 7-hour intervention, with a mean decrease in post-prandial sugars of 39%, insulin levels of around 36% in either activity group compared to”
From The Impact of Physical Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (2025) · cites this paper as [83]
Brief interruptions of sedentary behavior with physical activity improve postprandial sugars, insulin levels, cholesterol, and waist circumference.
“Multiple studies have looked at brief interruptions of sedentary behavior with PA, and identified improvements in postprandial sugars, insulin levels, cholesterol, and weight circumference.”
From The Impact of Physical Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (2025) · cites this paper as [83]
Low-intensity physical activity, 6 minutes hourly over an 8-hour period, in sedentary individuals lowered BP (14/8 mm Hg) and can improve metabolic syndrome variables.
“Low-intensity physical activity, 6 minutes hourly over an 8-hour period, in sedentary individuals lowered BP (14/8 mm Hg) and can improve metabolic syndrome variables.355–359”
From Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2018) · cites this paper as [356]

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The importance of exercise for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes
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Breaks in Sitting Time
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Sedentary Behavior and Body Weight and Composition in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies
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A position statement on screening and management of prediabetes in adults in primary care in Australia
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Background
Reducing sitting time versus adding exercise: differential effects on biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and metabolic risk
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Sedentary Behavior and Prevalent Diabetes in 6,166 Older Women: The Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Study
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Prolonged uninterrupted sitting elevates postprandial hyperglycaemia proportional to degree of insulin resistance
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The role of physical activity in individuals with cardiovascular risk factors: an opinion paper from Italian Society of Cardiology-Emilia Romagna-Marche and SIC-Sport
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Breaking Up Prolonged Sitting to Improve Cardiometabolic Risk: Dose–Response Analysis of a Randomized Crossover Trial
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Sedentary Patterns, Physical Activity, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Association to Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Patients
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Breaking Up Prolonged Sitting Alters the Postprandial Plasma Lipidomic Profile of Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
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Acute glucoregulatory and vascular outcomes of three strategies for interrupting prolonged sitting time in postmenopausal women: A pilot, laboratory-based, randomized, controlled, 4-condition, 4-period crossover trial
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Key Points from the Updated Guidelines on Exercise and Diabetes
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Effects of breaking up sitting on adolescents’ postprandial glucose after consuming meals varying in energy: a cross-over randomised trial
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Frequency of interruptions to sitting time: benefits for postprandial metabolism in type 2 diabetes
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Should we target increased physical activity or less sedentary behavior in the battle against cardiovascular disease risk development?
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Reducing prolonged sedentary time using a treadmill desk acutely improves cardiometabolic risk markers in male and female adults
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Acute effects of interrupting prolonged sitting on vascular function in type 2 diabetes
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Randomised Controlled Feasibility Study of the MyHealthAvatar-Diabetes Smartphone App for Reducing Prolonged Sitting Time in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Frequent, Short Physical Activity Breaks Reduce Prefrontal Cortex Activation but Preserve Working Memory in Middle-Aged Adults: ABBaH Study
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Regular brief interruptions to sitting after a high-energy evening meal attenuate glycemic excursions in overweight/obese adults
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“In Initiative Overload”: Australian Perspectives on Promoting Physical Activity in the Workplace from Diverse Industries
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Effects of Frequency and Duration of Interrupting Sitting on Cardiometabolic Risk Markers
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Interrupting Prolonged Sitting
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Frequency of interruptions to sitting time: benefits for postprandial metabolism in type 2 diabetes
Homer, A. R., Taylor, F. C., Dempsey, P. C., Wheeler, M. J., Sethi, P., Townsend, M. K., Grace, M. S., Green, D. J., Cohen, N. D., Larsen, R. N., et al. (2021) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc20-1410 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
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Effect Of Frequency Of Breaks During Prolonged Sitting On Postprandial Metabolism In Type 2 Diabetes
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Breaking Up Prolonged Sitting Reduces Postprandial Glucose and Insulin Responses
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Self-citation
Breaking up prolonged sitting with light-intensity walking improves postprandial glycemia, but breaking up sitting with standing does not
Bailey, D. P., & Locke, C. D. (2014) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2014.03.008 · Cited by 358 · see citing works

Authors: Dempsey, P. C., Larsen, R. N., Sethi, P., Sacre, J. W., Straznicky, N. E., Cohen, N. D., Cerin, E., Lambert, G. W., Owen, N., Kingwell, B. A., & Dunstan, D. W.
Affiliations: Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute (AU)
Corresponding author: Dempsey, Paddy C.
ORCID: Dempsey, Paddy C.
Larsen, Robyn N.
Sethi, Parneet
Sacre, Julian W.
Cohen, Neale D.
Cerin, Ester
Lambert, Gavin W.
Owen, Neville
Kingwell, Bronwyn A.
Dunstan, David W.
Venue: Diabetes Care
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Published: 2016-04-13
Volume: 39
Issue: 6
Pages: 964-972
ISSN: 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
1935-5548
DOI: 10.2337/dc15-2336
OpenAlex: W2337858743
Cited by: 405
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 28 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 12
FWCI: 33.02
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
figshare.com
Licence: cc-by
www.diabetesjournals.org/site/license (vor, 232 d)
Locations: Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
Own your potential (DEAKIN) (submittedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Health and Medical Research Council (1081734)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords: type 2 diabetes, prolonged sitting, sedentary behavior, postprandial blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, triglycerides, cardiometabolic risk, glucose metabolism, overweight and obesity, physical activity breaks, calf raise, half squat
MeSH terms: Aged, Blood Glucose, C-Peptide, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Exercise Therapy, Female, Humans, Insulin, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Posture, Triglycerides, Walking, Cross-Over Studies, Postprandial Period, Overweight, Resistance Training, Sedentary Behavior

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Benefits for Type 2 Diabetes of Interrupting Prolonged Sitting With Brief Bouts of Light Walking or Simple Resistance Activities

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