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Astrocytic microRNAs and transcription factors in Alzheimer’s disease and therapeutic interventions

Nassar, Ajmal, Kodi, Triveni, Satarker, Sairaj, Chowdari Gurram, Prasada, Upadhya, Dinesh, SM, Fayaz, Mudgal, Jayesh, Nampoothiri, Madhavan·2022·Cells
DOI 10.3390/cells11244111PMC PMC9776935
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Abstract

Astrocytes are important for maintaining cholesterol metabolism, glutamate uptake, and neurotransmission. Indeed, inflammatory processes and neurodegeneration contribute to the altered morphology, gene expression, and function of astrocytes. Astrocytes, in collaboration with numerous microRNAs, regulate brain cholesterol levels as well as glutamatergic and inflammatory signaling, all of which contribute to general brain homeostasis. Neural electrical activity, synaptic plasticity processes, learning, and memory are dependent on the astrocyte–neuron crosstalk. Here, we review the involvement of astrocytic microRNAs that potentially regulate cholesterol metabolism, glutamate uptake, and inflammation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The interaction between astrocytic microRNAs and long non-coding RNA and transcription factors specific to astrocytes also contributes to the pathogenesis of AD. Thus, astrocytic microRNAs arise as a promising target, as AD conditions are a worldwide public health problem. This review examines novel therapeutic strategies to target astrocyte dysfunction in AD, such as lipid nanodiscs, engineered G protein-coupled receptors, extracellular vesicles, and nanoparticles.

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  • In AD, a subset of astrocytes undergoes reactive transformation, adopting inflammatory and metabolically altered states that compromise synaptic support and promote neurotoxicity.

    “In AD, however, a subset of astrocytes undergoes reactive transformation, adopting inflammatory and metabolically altered states that compromise synaptic support and promote neurotoxicity (Heneka et al., 2015; Nassar et al., 2022).”

    From Cell-specific MicroRNA networks orchestrate the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (2026) · cites this paper as Nassar et al., 2022

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Nassar, A., Kodi, T., Satarker, S., Chowdari Gurram, P., Upadhya, D., SM, F., Mudgal, J., & Nampoothiri, M.
Affiliations
  • Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
  • Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
  • Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
ORCID
Venue
Cells
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-12-17
Volume
11
Issue
24
Pages
4111
ISSN
2073-4409
DOI
10.3390/cells11244111
PMC
PMC9776935
Cited by
36
References
19
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Funders
  • Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR/08/602 (0007)/2019-EMR I)
  • Manipal Academy of Higher Education (CSIR/08/602 (0007)/2019-EMR I)

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