Microalgae Characterization for Consolidated and New Application in Human Food, Animal Feed and Nutraceuticals
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The exploration of new food sources and natural products is the result of the increase in world population as well as the need for a healthier diet; in this context, microalgae are undoubtedly an interesting solution. With the intent to enhance their value in new commercial applications, this paper aims to characterize microalgae that have already been recognized as safe or authorized as additives for humans and animals (Chlorella vulgaris, Arthrospira platensis, Haematococcus pluvialis, Dunaliella salina) as well as those that have not yet been marketed (Scenedesmus almeriensis and Nannocholoropsis sp.). In this scope, the content of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, total dietary fiber, humidity, ash, and carotenoids has been measured via standard methods. In addition, individual carotenoids (beta-carotene, astaxanthin, and lutein) as well as individual saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids have been identified and quantified chromatographically. The results confirm the prerogative of some species to produce certain products such as carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and proteins, but also show how their cellular content is rich and diverse. H. pluvialis green and red phases, and Nannochloropsis sp., in addition to producing astaxanthin and omega-3, contain about 25–33% w/w proteins on a dry basis. D. salina is rich in beta-carotene (3.45% w/w on a dry basis), S. Almeriensis is a source of lutein (0.30% w/w on a dry basis), and the C. vulgaris species is a protein-based microalgae (45% w/w on a dry basis). All, however, can also produce important fatty acids such as palmitic acid, γ-linolenic acid, and oleic acid. Considering their varied composition, these microalgae can find applications in multiple sectors. This is true for microalgae already on the market as well as for promising new sources of bioproducts such as S. almeriensis and Nannochloropsis sp.
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Scenedesmus almeriensis is rich in lutein and is cultivated mainly in closed photobioreactor systems to ensure high pigment yields.
“Scenedesmus almeriensis is another emerging species attracting industrial interest. Rich in lutein, it is cultivated mainly in closed photobioreactor systems to ensure high pigment yields.”
From Microalgae Bioactives for Functional Food Innovation and Health Promotion (2025) · cites this paper as [35]
Section 3.2 (Carotenoids; page unavailable) reports substantial lutein content in S. almeriensis, and section 3.5 describes it as a potential new source of lutein. Section 3.5 says it is grown indoors and outdoors; it does not establish that cultivation is mainly in closed photobioreactors or that those systems are used to ensure high pigment yields. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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McKinley, K., & Ozbay, G. (2026) · New Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.nbt.2026.04.003 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
- Authors
- Molino, A., Iovine, A., Casella, P., Mehariya, S., Chianese, S., Cerbone, A., Rimauro, J., & Musmarra, D.
- Affiliations
- National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (IT)
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Musmarra, Dino
- Venue
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2018-11-01
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 2436
- ISSN
- 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6266511
- OpenAlex
- W2898958312
- Cited by
- 263
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 5.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Bio Based Industries Joint Undertaking under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 (745695)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food and Agricultural Sciences
- Keywords
- microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris, Spirulina platensis, Haematococcus pluvialis, Dunaliella salina, Scenedesmus almeriensis, Nannochloropsis, carotenoids, astaxanthin, beta-carotene, lutein, fatty acid composition, polyunsaturated fatty acids, protein content, dietary fiber, nutraceuticals, animal feed, human food, food additives
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animal Feed, Biological Products, Food Additives, Humans, Dietary Supplements, Microalgae
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