The DOI matches its OpenAlex record.
Lives Through Time, 1932-1958
Open accessOverview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
The emerging field of emotion regulation: an integrative review
Gross, J. J. (1998) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.271 · Cited by 9,916
(1999) · Cited by 7,995
An Introduction to the Five‐Factor Model and Its Applications
McCrae, R. R., & John, O. P. (1992) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1992.tb00970.x · Cited by 6,835
The life course as developmental theory
Elder, G. H. (1998) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1998.tb06128.x · Cited by 3,513
Roberts, B. W., Walton, K. E., & Viechtbauer, W. (2006) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.1.1 · Cited by 3,318
Roberts, B. W., & DelVecchio, W. F. (2000) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.126.1.3 · Cited by 3,241
A contrarian view of the five-factor approach to personality description.
Block, J. (1995) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.2.187 · Cited by 1,682
Self-citationThe stability of behavior: I. On predicting most of the people much of the time.
Epstein, S. (1979) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.37.7.1097 · Cited by 1,468
Stability of aggressive reaction patterns in males: A review.
Olweus, D. (1979) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.86.4.852 · Cited by 1,392
Personality and job satisfaction: The mediating role of job characteristics.
Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E., & Locke, E. A. (2000) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.85.2.237 · Cited by 1,142
Behavioral Development and Construct Validity: The Principle of Aggregation
Rushton, J. P., Brainerd, C. J., & Pressley, M. (1983) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.94.1.18 · Cited by 940
Reckless behavior in adolescence: A developmental perspective
ARNETT, J. (1992) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/0273-2297(92)90013-r · Cited by 917
The development of aggressive behaviour during childhood: What have we learned in the past century?
Tremblay, R. E. (2000) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1080/016502500383232 · Cited by 842
The coherence of individual development: Early care, attachment, and subsequent developmental issues
Sroufe, L. A. (1979) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.34.10.834 · Cited by 793
Empirical Assessment of a Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale
Ardelt, M. (2003) · Research on Aging · doi:10.1177/0164027503025003004 · Cited by 765
Moving against the world: Life-course patterns of explosive children.
Caspi, A., Elder, G. H., & Bem, D. J. (1987) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.23.2.308 · Cited by 727
Peterson, R. S., Smith, D. B., Martorana, P. V., & Owens, P. D. (2003) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.795 · Cited by 654
Gottfried, A. E., Fleming, J. S., & Gottfried, A. W. (2001) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.93.1.3 · Cited by 573
Continuity, stability, and change in daily emotional experience across adolescence
Larson, R. W., Moneta, G., Richards, M. H., & Wilson, S. (2002) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00464 · Cited by 560
(2008) · Cited by 541
Crime and Deviance in the Life Course
Sampson, R. J., & Laub, J. H. (1992) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.so.18.080192.000431 · Cited by 483
Personality stability and change in early adulthood: A behavioral genetic analysis
McGue, M., Bacon, S., & Lykken, D. T. (1993) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.29.1.96 · Cited by 455
When Do Individual Differences Matter? A Paradoxical Theory of Personality Coherence
Caspi, A., & Moffitt, T. E. (1993) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli0404_1 · Cited by 449
Children of Substance Abusers: Overview of Research Findings
Johnson, J. L., & Leff, M. (1999) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.103.s2.1085 · Cited by 433
Flourishing under fire: Resilience as a prototype of challenged thriving.
Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. (2003) · Flourishing: Positive psychology and the life well-lived. · doi:10.1037/10594-001 · Cited by 408
Rhoades, B. L., Greenberg, M. T., Lanza, S. T., & Blair, C. (2011) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2010.08.004 · Cited by 295
Helson, R., Kwan, V. S. Y., John, O. P., & Jones, C. (2002) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/s0092-6566(02)00010-7 · Cited by 261
Resilience in Adulthood and Later Life
Ryff, C. D., Love, G. D., Essex, M. J., & Singer, B. (1998) · Handbook of Aging and Mental Health · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0098-2_4 · Cited by 246
Personality change in women from college to midlife.
Helson, R., & Moane, G. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.53.1.176 · Cited by 239
Protective factors and resilience
Lösel, F., & Bender, D. (2003) · Early Prevention of Adult Antisocial Behaviour · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511489259.006 · Cited by 219
Tackett, J. L., Balsis, S., Oltmanns, T. F., & Krueger, R. F. (2009) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s095457940900039x · Cited by 201
(1980) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.137.11.1348 · Cited by 180
Personality development and organizational behavior.
Roberts, B. W. (2006) · Research in Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0191-3085(06)27001-1 · Cited by 177
Inherited predisposition to alcoholism: characteristics of sons of male alcoholics
Pihl, R. O., Peterson, J., & Finn, P. R. (1990) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.99.3.291 · Cited by 172
Fluctuation between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism.
Gore, W. L., & Widiger, T. A. (2016) · Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000181 · Cited by 172
Three paths of adult development: Conservers, seekers, and achievers
Helson, R., & Srivastava, S. (2001) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.80.6.995 · Cited by 172
Shiner, R. L. (2000) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.78.2.310 · Cited by 176
Chapman, B. P., Hampson, S., & Clarkin, J. (2014) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034135 · Cited by 166
Cosco, T. D., Kaushal, A., Hardy, R., Richards, M., Kuh, D., & Stafford, M. (2017) · Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2015-206980 · Cited by 155
Antecedents and Effects of Wisdom in Old Age: A Longitudinal Perspective on Aging Well
Ardelt, M. (2000) · Research on Aging · doi:10.1177/0164027500224003 · Cited by 157
Aldwin, C. M., Spiro, A., Levenson, M. R., & Cupertino, A. P. (2001) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/0882-7974.16.3.450 · Cited by 145
Origins of adolescents' ideal self: An intergenerational perspective.
Zentner, M., & Renaud, O. (2007) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.92.3.557 · Cited by 138
On Traits, Situations, and Their Integration: A Developmental Perspective
Roberts, B. W., & Pomerantz, E. M. (2004) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0804_5 · Cited by 134
Ego development and individual differences in personality
Westenburg, P. M., & Block, J. (1993) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.65.4.792 · Cited by 133
Self-citationReplicability and 40-year predictive power of childhood ARC types.
Chapman, B. P., & Goldberg, L. R. (2011) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0024289 · Cited by 115
1. Linking Life Histories and Mental Health: A Person-Centered Strategy
Singer, B., Ryff, C. D., Carr, D., & Magee, W. J. (1998) · Sociological Methodology · doi:10.1111/0081-1750.00041 · Cited by 112
The association of neighborhood poverty with personality change in childhood
Hart, D., Atkins, R., & Matsuba, M. K. (2008) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.94.6.1048 · Cited by 110
Vandewater, E. A., Ostrove, J. M., & Stewart, A. J. (1997) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.72.5.1147 · Cited by 87
Clausen, J. A., & Gilens, M. (1990) · Sociological Forum · doi:10.1007/bf01115393 · Cited by 64
Levy, K. N., Meehan, K. B., Cain, N. M., & Ellison, W. D. (2013) · Understanding and treating pathological narcissism. · doi:10.1037/14041-003 · Cited by 12
Metadata
- Authors
- Block, J.
- Venue
- Harvard Dataverse
- Publisher
- Harvard University
- Published
- 1987-01-01
- OpenAlex
- W566626856
- Cited by
- 854
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 29.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.