Effect of Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Hypoglycemia in Older Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Open accessAbstract
Importance: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) provides real-time assessment of glucose levels and may be beneficial in reducing hypoglycemia in older adults with type 1 diabetes. Objective: To determine whether CGM is effective in reducing hypoglycemia compared with standard blood glucose monitoring (BGM) in older adults with type 1 diabetes. Design, Setting, and Participants: Randomized clinical trial conducted at 22 endocrinology practices in the United States among 203 adults at least 60 years of age with type 1 diabetes. Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to use CGM (n = 103) or standard BGM (n = 100). Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was CGM-measured percentage of time that sensor glucose values were less than 70 mg/dL during 6 months of follow-up. There were 31 prespecified secondary outcomes, including additional CGM metrics for hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and glucose control; hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c); and cognition and patient-reported outcomes, with adjustment for multiple comparisons to control for false-discovery rate. Results: Of the 203 participants (median age, 68 [interquartile range {IQR}, 65-71] years; median type 1 diabetes duration, 36 [IQR, 25-48] years; 52% female; 53% insulin pump use; mean HbA1c, 7.5% [SD, 0.9%]), 83% used CGM at least 6 days per week during month 6. Median time with glucose levels less than 70 mg/dL was 5.1% (73 minutes per day) at baseline and 2.7% (39 minutes per day) during follow-up in the CGM group vs 4.7% (68 minutes per day) and 4.9% (70 minutes per day), respectively, in the standard BGM group (adjusted treatment difference, -1.9% (-27 minutes per day); 95% CI, -2.8% to -1.1% [-40 to -16 minutes per day]; P <.001). Of the 31 prespecified secondary end points, there were statistically significant differences for all 9 CGM metrics, 6 of 7 HbA1c outcomes, and none of the 15 cognitive and patient-reported outcomes. Mean HbA1c decreased in the CGM group compared with the standard BGM group (adjusted group difference, -0.3%; 95% CI, -0.4% to -0.1%; P <.001). The most commonly reported adverse events using CGM and standard BGM, respectively, were severe hypoglycemia (1 and 10), fractures (5 and 1), falls (4 and 3), and emergency department visits (6 and 8). Conclusions and Relevance: Among adults aged 60 years or older with type 1 diabetes, continuous glucose monitoring compared with standard blood glucose monitoring resulted in a small but statistically significant improvement in hypoglycemia over 6 months. Further research is needed to understand the long-term clinical benefit. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03240432.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Emerging evidence indicates that CGM is efficacious in reducing hyperglycemia and A1C levels in insulin-treated people with T2D, including those taking one or two doses of basal insulin.
“There is emerging evidence that CGM is efficacious in reducing hyperglycemia and A1C levels in insulin-treated persons with T2D, including those taking 1 or 2 doses of basal insulin.169–172”
From American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update. (2022) · cites this paper as [170]
The Glycemic Control Outcomes section reports reduced hyperglycemia and HbA1c with CGM compared with standard blood glucose monitoring. But the Participants section specifies adults aged 60 or older with type 1 diabetes using an insulin pump or multiple daily injections; this study does not establish the claim for people with type 2 diabetes or those taking one or two doses of basal insulin. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredEmerging evidence suggests benefits of continuous glucose monitoring use in insulin-treated persons with type 2 diabetes.
“Emerging evidence suggests benefits of CGM use in insulin-treated persons with T2D170,1074”
From American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update. (2022) · cites this paper as [170]
The Key Points and Discussion report a small reduction in hypoglycemia with CGM in insulin-treated older adults with type 1 diabetes, not type 2 diabetes. The References list a trial involving adults with both types, but this paper does not report its type 2 findings; the claimed benefit in insulin-treated people with type 2 diabetes is therefore not established by this source. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAmong secondary outcomes in the WISDM trial, time spent in range between 70 and 180 mg/dL increased by 8% and glycemic variability decreased.
“Among secondary outcomes, time spent in range between 70 and 180 mg/dL increased by 8% (95% CI 6.0-11.5)and glycemic variability (%CV) decreased.”
From 13. Older Adults: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024</i> (2024) · cites this paper as [39]
The Glycemic Control Outcomes section reports that time in the 70–180 mg/dL range was 8.8 percentage points higher with CGM than with standard blood glucose monitoring (95% CI, 6.0–11.5), not 8%. Table 2 also reports a lower coefficient of variation, supporting the claim about decreased glycemic variability. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAmong secondary outcomes in WISDM, time spent in range between 70 and 180 mg/dL increased by 8% and glycemic variability decreased.
“Among secondary outcomes, time spent in range between 70 and 180 mg/dL increased by 8% (95% CI 6.0-11.5)and glycemic variability (%CV) decreased.”
From 13. Older Adults: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [41]
The Glycemic Control Outcomes section reports that time in the 70–180 mg/dL range was 8.8 percentage points higher with CGM than with standard blood glucose monitoring, with the cited 95% CI of 6.0–11.5. Table 2 also reports a decrease in glycemic variability (%CV). The citing sentence gives the increase as 8% rather than 8.8%. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe use of advanced technologies in older individuals is useful.
“The use of advanced technologies in older individuals is useful and should not be discontinued or a priori excluded because of the older age (78,274).”
From The management of type 1 diabetes in adults. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) (2021) · cites this paper as [78]
The Discussion (page not available in our copy) reports that continuous glucose monitoring modestly reduced hypoglycemia in adults aged 60 or older with type 1 diabetes. That supports the usefulness of this technology in the studied group, but not a claim about advanced technologies generally or a recommendation against discontinuing them or excluding people from them solely because of age. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
In children, adolescents, and adults with type 1 diabetes, real-time continuous glucose monitoring consistently improves glycaemic metrics compared with capillary blood glucose monitoring.
“Compared to capillary blood glucose monitoring, real-time continuous glucose monitoring has been shown to consistently improve glycaemic metrics in children,14 adolescents15 and adults,16 including older adults,17 with type 1 diabetes.”
From Blood glucose monitoring devices: current considerations (2023) · cites this paper as [17]
Although most RCTs have not been powered to detect reductions in the rate of severe hypoglycemia, a study in people over the age of 60 with type 1 diabetes (a population at high risk of hypoglycemia) showed significant reductions in both time in the hypoglycemic range and severe hypoglycemic events.
“Although most RCTs have not been powered to detect reductions in the rate of severe hypoglycemia, a study in people over the age of 60 with type 1 diabetes (a population at high risk of hypoglycemia) showed significant reductions in both time in the hypoglycemic range and severe hypoglycemic events (162).”
From Guidelines and Recommendations for Laboratory Analysis in the Diagnosis and Management of Diabetes Mellitus (2023) · cites this paper as [162]
In the WISDM trial, over 6 months, use of continuous glucose monitoring in adults over 60 years of age with type 1 diabetes resulted in a small but statistically significant reduction in time spent with hypoglycemia (glucose level <70 mg/dL) compared with standard blood glucose monitoring.
“Over 6 months, use of CGM resulted in a small but statistically significant reduction in time spent with hypoglycemia (glucose level <70 mg/dL) compared with standard blood glucose monitoring (adjusted treatment difference À1.9% [À27 min/day]; 95% CI À2.8% to À1.1% [À40 to À16 min/day]; P < 0.001) (38,39).”
From 13. Older Adults: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024</i> (2024) · cites this paper as [39]
In the WISDM trial, over 6 months, use of CGM in adults over 60 years with type 1 diabetes resulted in a small but statistically significant reduction in time spent with hypoglycemia (glucose level <70 mg/dL) compared with standard blood glucose monitoring.
“Over 6 months, use of CGM resulted in a small but statistically significant reduction in time spent with hypoglycemia (glucose level <70 mg/dL) compared with standard blood glucose monitoring (adjusted treatment difference À1.9% [À27 min/day]; 95% CI À2.8% to À1.1% [À40 to À16 min/day]; P < 0.001) (40,41).”
From 13. Older Adults: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [41]
CGM devices are acceptable to people of all age-groups, including older individuals with type 1 diabetes or insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes.
“Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices have been shown to be effective at improving glycemic management and acceptable to people of all age-groups, including older individuals with type 1 diabetes (44–48) or insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes (49,50).”
From 13. Older Adults: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026 (2026) · cites this paper as [45]
CGM devices have been shown to be effective at improving glycemic management.
“Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices have been shown to be effective at improving glycemic management and acceptable to people of all age-groups, including older individuals with type 1 diabetes (44–48) or insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes (49,50).”
From 13. Older Adults: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026 (2026) · cites this paper as [45]
rt-CGM is beneficial in reducing the burden of hypoglycemia in older adults with type 1 diabetes and those with IAH.
“rt-CGM is beneficial in reducing the burden of hypoglycemia in older adults with type 1 diabetes (78) and those with IAH (44).”
The primary outcome was met and showed benefit in adults of all ages, including seniors.
“The primary outcome was met and showed benefit in adults of all ages (38,53,54), including seniors (55-57).”
From 7. Diabetes Technology: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [55]
A report in people with type 1 diabetes over the age of 60 years revealed a small but statistically significant decrease in hypoglycemia.
“A report in people with type 1 diabetes over the age of 60 years revealed a small but statistically significant decrease in hypoglycemia (125).”
From 6. Glycemic Targets: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023</i> (2023) · cites this paper as [125]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
(1993) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199309303291401 · Cited by 24,667 · see citing works
Battelino, T., Danne, T., Bergenstal, R. M., Amiel, S. A., Beck, R., Biester, T., Bosi, E., Buckingham, B. A., Cefalu, W. T., Close, K. L., et al. (2019) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dci19-0028 · Cited by 4,032 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Time with glucose >250 mg/dL, mean (SD), % 10 (6-21) 13 (5-20) 9 (3-15) 13 (8-23) −3.”
Self-citationContinuous glucose monitoring and intensive treatment of type 1 diabetes
(2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0805017 · Cited by 1,559 · see citing works
On the adaptive control of the false discovery rate in multiple testing with independent statistics
Benjamini, Y., & Hochberg, Y. (2000) · Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics · doi:10.3102/10769986025001060 · Cited by 1,349 · see citing works
Estimates of Location Based on Rank Tests
Hodges, J. L., & Lehmann, E. L. (1963) · The Annals of Mathematical Statistics · doi:10.1214/aoms/1177704172 · Cited by 1,276 · see citing works
Beck, R. W., Riddlesworth, T., Ruedy, K., Ahmann, A., Bergenstal, R., Haller, S., Kollman, C., Kruger, D., McGill, J. B., Polonsky, W., et al. (2017) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2016.19975 · Cited by 1,185 · cited 4× · see citing works
“Time with glucose >180 mg/dL, mean (SD), % 37 (16) 38 (17) 34 (14) 39 (16) −5.”
InfluentialSelf-citationLind, M., Polonsky, W., Hirsch, I. B., Heise, T., Bolinder, J., Dahlqvist, S., Schwarz, E., Ólafsdóttir, A. F., Frid, A., Wedel, H., et al. (2017) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2016.19976 · Cited by 705 · see citing works
Self-citationClarke, W. L., Cox, D. J., Gonder-Frederick, L. A., Julian, D., Schlundt, D., & Polonsky, W. (1995) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.18.4.517 · Cited by 651 · see citing works
Fear of hypoglycemia: quantification, validation, and utilization
Cox, D. J., Irvine, A., Gonder-Frederick, L., Nowacek, G., & Butterfield, J. (1987) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.10.5.617 · Cited by 579 · see citing works
Effect of Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes
Battelino, T., Phillip, M., Bratina, N., Nimri, R., Oskarsson, P., & Bolinder, J. (2011) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc10-1989 · Cited by 490 · see citing works
Lipska, K. J., Ross, J. S., Wang, Y., Inzucchi, S. E., Minges, K. E., Karter, A. J., Huang, E. S., Desai, M. M., Gill, T. M., & Krumholz, H. M. (2014) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.1824 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Weinstock, R. S., Xing, D., Maahs, D. M., Michels, A., Rickels, M. R., Peters, A. L., Bergenstal, R. M., Harris, B., DuBose, S. N., Miller, K. M., et al. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-1589 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Self-citationAleppo, G., Ruedy, K. J., Riddlesworth, T. D., Kruger, D. F., Peters, A. L., Hirsch, I., Bergenstal, R. M., Toschi, E., Ahmann, A. J., Shah, V. N., et al. (2017) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc16-2482 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Self-citationForlenza, G. P., Li, Z., Buckingham, B. A., Pinsker, J. E., Cengiz, E., Wadwa, R. P., Ekhlaspour, L., Church, M. M., Weinzimer, S. A., Jost, E., et al. (2018) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc18-0771 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Self-citationLittle, S. A., Leelarathna, L., Walkinshaw, E., Tan, H. K., Chapple, O., Lubina-Solomon, A., Chadwick, T. J., Barendse, S., Stocken, D. D., Brennand, C., et al. (2014) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc14-0030 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Ruedy, K. J., Parkin, C. G., Riddlesworth, T. D., & Graham, C. (2017) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/1932296817704445 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Secrest, A. M., Becker, D. J., Kelsey, S. F., LaPorte, R. E., & Orchard, T. J. (2010) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc10-1170 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Stahn, A., Pistrosch, F., Ganz, X., Teige, M., Koehler, C., Bornstein, S., & Hanefeld, M. (2014) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc13-0600 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Risk factors associated with severe hypoglycemia in older adults with type 1 diabetes
Weinstock, R. S., DuBose, S. N., Bergenstal, R. M., Chaytor, N. S., Peterson, C., Olson, B. A., Munshi, M. N., Perrin, A. J. S., Miller, K. M., Beck, R. W., et al. (2016) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc15-1426 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Self-citationBeunckens, C., Molenberghs, G., & Kenward, M. G. (2005) · Clinical Trials · doi:10.1191/1740774505cn119oa · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Functional assessment scales in detecting dementia
Juva, K., Mäkelä, M., Erkinjuntti, T., Sulkava, R. O., YUKOSKI, R., Valvanne, J., & Tilvis, R. S. (1997) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/26.5.393 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Aleppo, G., Laffel, L. M., Ahmann, A., Hirsch, I. B., Kruger, D. F., Peters, A. L., Weinstock, R. S., & Harris, D. R. (2017) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/js.2017-00388 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Self-citationAdherence to Glycemic Monitoring in Diabetes
Patton, S. R. (2015) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/1932296814567709 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Interpreting Patterns of Low Scores on the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery
Holdnack, J. A., Tulsky, D. S., Brooks, B. L., Slotkin, J., Gershon, R. C., Heinemann, A. W., & Iverson, G. L. (2017) · Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology · doi:10.1093/arclin/acx032 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Factors Predictive of Severe Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes
Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Continuous Glucose Monitoring Study Group (2011) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc10-1111 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Davis, S. N., Horton, E. S., Battelino, T., Rubin, R. R., Schulman, K. A., & Tamborlane, W. V. (2010) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2009.0145 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Polonsky, W. H., Fisher, L., Hessler, D., & Edelman, S. V. (2015) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2015.0140 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Chen, E., King, F., Kohn, M. A., Spanakis, E. K., Breton, M. D., & Klonoff, D. C. (2019) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2019.0119 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Tsao, C. W., Aday, A. W., Almarzooq, Z. I., Anderson, C. A. M., Arora, P., Avery, C. L., Baker-Smith, C. M., Beaton, A. Z., Boehme, A. K., Buxton, A. E., et al. (2023) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001123 · Cited by 8,300 · see citing works
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2022 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Tsao, C. W., Aday, A. W., Almarzooq, Z. I., Alonso, A., Beaton, A. Z., Bittencourt, M. S., Boehme, A. K., Buxton, A. E., Carson, A. P., Commodore-Mensah, Y., et al. (2022) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001052 · Cited by 5,987 · see citing works
Martin, S. S., Aday, A. W., Almarzooq, Z. I., Anderson, C. A. M., Arora, P., Avery, C. L., Baker-Smith, C. M., Barone Gibbs, B., Beaton, A. Z., Boehme, A. K., et al. (2024) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001209 · Cited by 2,800 · see citing works
6. Glycemic Targets: <i>Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022</i>
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc22-s006 · Cited by 1,403 · see citing works
Martin, S. S., Aday, A. W., Allen, N. B., Almarzooq, Z., Anderson, C. A. M., Arora, P. K., Avery, C. L., Baker-Smith, C. M., Bansal, N., Beaton, A., et al. (2025) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001303 · Cited by 1,206 · see citing works
6. Glycemic Targets: <i>Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2021</i>
American Diabetes Association (2021) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc21-s006 · Cited by 847 · see citing works
Holt, R. I. G., DeVries, J. H., Hess-Fischl, A., Hirsch, I. B., Kirkman, M. S., Klupa, T., Ludwig, B., Nørgaard, K., Pettus, J., Renard, E., et al. (2021) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dci21-0043 · Cited by 699 · see citing works
Self-citation6. Glycemic Targets: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023</i>
ElSayed, N. A., Aleppo, G., Aroda, V. R., Bannuru, R. R., Brown, F. M., Bruemmer, D., Collins, B. S., Hilliard, M. E., Isaacs, D., Johnson, E. L., et al. (2023) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc23-s006 · Cited by 684 · see citing works
Self-citationBlonde, L., Umpierrez, G. E., Reddy, S. S., McGill, J. B., Berga, S. L., Bush, M., Chandrasekaran, S., DeFronzo, R. A., Einhorn, D., Galindo, R. J., et al. (2022) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2022.08.002 · Cited by 507 · see citing works
Self-citationPop‐Busui, R., Januzzi, J. L., Bruemmer, D., Butalia, S., Green, J. B., Horton, W. B., Knight, C. M., Levi, M., Rasouli, N., & Richardson, C. R. (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dci22-0014 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Self-citation13. Older Adults: <i>Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022</i>
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc22-s013 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Holt, R., DeVries, J., Hess-Fischl, A., Hirsch, I., Kirkman, M. S., Klupa, T., Ludwig, B., Nørgaard, K., Pettus, J., Renard, E., et al. (2021) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-021-05568-3 · Cited by 1,374 · see citing works
Self-citation7. Diabetes Technology: <i>Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022</i>
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc22-s007 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
7. Diabetes Technology: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee, ElSayed, N. A., McCoy, R. G., Aleppo, G., Balapattabi, K., Beverly, E. A., Briggs Early, K., Bruemmer, D., Echouffo-Tcheugui, J. B., Ekhlaspour, L., et al. (2025) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc25-s007 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Self-citationSacks, D. B., Arnold, M., Bakris, G. L., Bruns, D. E., Horvath, A. R., Lernmark, Å., Metzger, B. E., Nathan, D. M., & Kirkman, M. S. (2023) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dci23-0036 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
7. Diabetes Technology: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes</i> — <i>2023</i>
ElSayed, N. A., Aleppo, G., Aroda, V. R., Bannuru, R. R., Brown, F. M., Bruemmer, D., Collins, B. S., Hilliard, M. E., Isaacs, D., Johnson, E. L., et al. (2023) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc23-s007 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Self-citationGrunberger, G., Sherr, J., Allende, M., Blevins, T., Bode, B., Handelsman, Y., Hellman, R., Lajara, R., Roberts, V. L., Rodbard, D., et al. (2021) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2021.04.008 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Self-citation7. Diabetes Technology: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024</i>
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee, ElSayed, N. A., Aleppo, G., Bannuru, R. R., Bruemmer, D., Collins, B. S., Ekhlaspour, L., Hilliard, M. E., Johnson, E. L., Khunti, K., et al. (2024) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc24-s007 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Self-citationPalaniappan, L. P., Allen, N. B., Almarzooq, Z., Anderson, C. A. M., Arora, P. K., Avery, C. L., Baker-Smith, C. M., Bansal, N., Currie, M. E., Earlie, R. S., et al. (2026) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001412 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Quattrin, T., Mastrandrea, L. D., & Walker, L. S. K. (2023) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(23)00223-4 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
12. Older Adults: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2021
American Diabetes Association (2020) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc21-s012 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
13. Older Adults: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee, ElSayed, N. A., McCoy, R. G., Aleppo, G., Balapattabi, K., Beverly, E. A., Briggs Early, K., Bruemmer, D., Echouffo-Tcheugui, J. B., Ekhlaspour, L., et al. (2025) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc25-s013 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Self-citation13. Older Adults: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023
ElSayed, N. A., Aleppo, G., Aroda, V. R., Bannuru, R. R., Brown, F. M., Bruemmer, D., Collins, B. S., Hilliard, M. E., Isaacs, D. M., Johnson, E. L., et al. (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc23-s013 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Self-citationContinuous glucose monitoring: A review of the evidence in type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus
Lin, R., Brown, F., James, S., Jones, J., & Ekinci, E. (2021) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.14528 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Karter, A. J., Parker, M. M., Moffet, H. H., Gilliam, L. K., & Dlott, R. (2021) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2021.6530 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Teo, E., Hassan, N., Tam, W., & Koh, S. (2022) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-021-05648-4 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
7. Diabetes Technology: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026
Bajaj, M. S., McCoy, R. G., Balapattabi, K., Bannuru, R. R., Bellini, N. J., Bennett, A. K., Beverly, E. A., Early, K. B., ChallaSivaKanaka, S., Echouffo-Tcheugui, J. B., et al. (2025) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc26-s007 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Self-citation13. Older Adults: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024</i>
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee, ElSayed, N. A., Aleppo, G., Bannuru, R. R., Bruemmer, D., Collins, B. S., Ekhlaspour, L., Hilliard, M. E., Johnson, E. L., Khunti, K., et al. (2024) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc24-s013 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Self-citationHypoglycemia in diabetes: An update on pathophysiology, treatment, and prevention
Nakhleh, A., & Shehadeh, N. (2021) · World Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.4239/wjd.v12.i12.2036 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Sacks, D. B., Arnold, M. A., Bakris, G. L., Bruns, D. E., Horvath, A. R., Lernmark, Å., Metzger, B. E., Nathan, D. M., & Kirkman, M. S. (2023) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/hvad080 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
McCall, A. L., Lieb, D. C., Gianchandani, R. Y., MacMaster, H. W., Maynard, G. A., Murad, M. H., Seaquist, E. R., Wolfsdorf, J. I., Wright, R. F., & Wiercioch, W. (2022) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgac596 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Boughton, C. K., Hartnell, S., Thabit, H., Mubita, W. M., Draxlbauer, K., Poettler, T., Wilinska, M. E., Hood, K. K., Mader, J. K., Narendran, P., et al. (2022) · The Lancet Healthy Longevity · doi:10.1016/s2666-7568(22)00005-8 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
McAuley, S. A., Trawley, S., Vogrin, S., Ward, G. M., Fourlanos, S., Grills, C. A., Lee, M. H., Alipoor, A. M., O’Neal, D. N., O’Regan, N. A., et al. (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc21-1667 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Diabetes and cognitive function: An evidence-based current perspective
Sebastian, M. J., Khan, S. K. A., Pappachan, J. M., & Jeeyavudeen, M. S. (2023) · World Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.4239/wjd.v14.i2.92 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Type 2 Diabetes and the Use of Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Jackson, M. A., Ahmann, A., & Shah, V. N. (2021) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2021.0007 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Self-citationDiabetes in ageing: pathways for developing the evidence base for clinical guidance
Munshi, M. N., Meneilly, G. S., Rodríguez‐Mañas, L., Close, K. L., Conlin, P. R., Cukierman‐Yaffe, T., Forbes, A., Ganda, O. P., Kahn, C. R., Huang, E. S., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(20)30230-8 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Self-citationElbalshy, M., Haszard, J., Smith, H., Kuroko, S., Galland, B., Oliver, N., Shah, V., de Bock, M. I., & Wheeler, B. J. (2022) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.14854 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Self-citationSherr, J. L., Laffel, L. M., Liu, J., Wolf, W. A., Bispham, J. A., CHAPMAN, K. S. M., Finan, D. A., Titievsky, L., Liu, T., Hagan, K. A., et al. (2024) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc23-1765 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Speight, J., Choudhary, P., Wilmot, E. G., Hendrieckx, C., Forde, H., Cheung, W. Y., Crabtree, T., Millar, B., Traviss‐Turner, G., Hill, A., et al. (2023) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.14944 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
New advances in type 1 diabetes
Subramanian, S., Khan, F. N., & Hirsch, I. B. (2024) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj-2023-075681 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Self-citation13. Older Adults: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee for Diabetes*, Bajaj, M., McCoy, R. G., Balapattabi, K., Bannuru, R. R., Bellini, N. J., Bennett, A. K., Beverly, E. A., Briggs Early, K., ChallaSivaKanaka, S., et al. (2026) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc26-s013 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationAleppo, G., Beck, R. W., Bailey, R., Ruedy, K. J., Calhoun, P., Peters, A. L., Pop-Busui, R., Philis-Tsimikas, A., Bao, S., Umpierrez, G., et al. (2021) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc21-1304 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationBao, S., Bailey, R., Calhoun, P., & Beck, R. W. (2022) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2021.0494 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citationAktürk, H. K., Agarwal, S., Hoffecker, L., & Shah, V. N. (2021) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc20-3063 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citationAgarwal, S., Crespo-Ramos, G., Long, J. A., & Miller, V. A. (2021) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2021.0075 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Champakanath, A., Akturk, H. K., Alonso, G. T., Snell-Bergeon, J. K., & Shah, V. N. (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc21-2004 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationMoon, J. S., Kang, S., Choi, J. H., Lee, K. A., Moon, J. H., Chon, S., Kim, D. J., Kim, H. J., Seo, J. A., Kim, M. K., et al. (2024) · Diabetes & Metabolism Journal · doi:10.4093/dmj.2024.0249 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
The Growing Role of Technology in the Care of Older Adults With Diabetes
Huang, E. S., Sinclair, A., Conlin, P. R., Cukierman-Yaffe, T., Hirsch, I. B., Huisingh-Scheetz, M., Kahkoska, A. R., Laffel, L., Lee, A. K., Lee, S., et al. (2023) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dci23-0021 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citationMiller, K. M., Kanapka, L. G., Rickels, M. R., Ahmann, A. J., Aleppo, G., Ang, L., Bhargava, A., Bode, B. W., Carlson, A., Chaytor, N. S., et al. (2022) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2021.0503 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citationTime in range centered diabetes care
Dovč, K., & Battelino, T. (2021) · Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology · doi:10.1297/cpe.30.1 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Health Care Disparities in Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Isaacs, D. M., Bellini, N. J., Biba, U., Cai, A., & Close, K. L. (2021) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2021.0268 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Jiao, Y., Lin, R., Hua, X., Churilov, L. P., Gaca, M., James, S., Clarke, P., O'Neal, D. N., & Ekinci, E. I. (2022) · Endocrinology Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1002/edm2.369 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Guideline for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus in the Elderly in China (2024 Edition)
Guo, L., & Xiao, X. (2024) · Aging Medicine · doi:10.1002/agm2.12294 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Real-world evidence of automated insulin delivery system use
Considine, E. G., & Sherr, J. L. (2024) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2023.0442 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Yoo, J. H., Kim, G., Lee, H. J., Sim, K. H., Jin, S.-M., & Kim, J. H. (2022) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109209 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Monnier, L., Colette, C., & Owens, D. R. (2021) · Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2021.101225 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Hemoglobin A1c—Using Epidemiology to Guide Medical Practice: Kelly West Award Lecture 2020
Selvin, E. (2021) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dci21-0035 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Continuous Glucose Monitoring Use in Older Adults for Optimal Diabetes Management
Munshi, M. N. (2023) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2023.0111 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Recent progress in bone-repair strategies in diabetic conditions
Sheng, N., Xing, F., Wang, J., Zhang, Q., Nie, R., Li‐Ling, J., Duan, X., & Xie, H. (2023) · Materials Today Bio · doi:10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100835 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Dementia in Diabetes: The Role of Hypoglycemia
Husain, K. H., Sarhan, S. F., AlKhalifa, H. K. A. A., Buhasan, A., Moin, A. S. M., & Butler, A. E. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24129846 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Barriers to Uptake of Insulin Technologies and Novel Solutions
PAULEY, M. E., Berget, C., Messer, L. H., & Forlenza, G. P. (2021) · Medical Devices Evidence and Research · doi:10.2147/mder.s312858 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Dovč, K., Lanzinger, S., Cardona‐Hernandez, R., Tauschmann, M., Marigliano, M., Cherubini, V., Preikša, R. T., Schierloh, U. H. E., Clapin, H. F., Aljaser, F., et al. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.0077 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Eichenlaub, M., Pleus, S., Rothenbühler, M., Bailey, T. S., Bally, L., Brazg, R., Bruttomesso, D., Diem, P., Boija, E. E., Fokkert, M. J., et al. (2024) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2023.0465 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Munshi, M. N., Slyne, C., DAVIS, D. J., Michals, A. L., Sifre, K., Dewar, R., Atakov-Castillo, A., & Toschi, E. (2021) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2021.0246 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Ageing well with diabetes: the role of technology
Maltese, G., McAuley, S. A., Trawley, S. L., & Sinclair, A. J. (2024) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-024-06240-2 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Aggarwal, A., Pathak, S., & Goyal, R. (2022) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109825 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Roldan, V. D. T., Urtecho, M., Nayfeh, T., Firwana, M., Muthusamy, K., Hasan, B., Abd‐Rabu, R., Maraboto, A., Qoubaitary, A., Prokop, L. J., et al. (2022) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgac601 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Divan, V., Greenfield, M., Morley, C. P., & Weinstock, R. S. (2020) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/1932296820978769 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationKong, A. P. S., Lim, S. K., Yoo, S.-H., Ji, L., Chen, L., Bao, Y., Yeoh, E. C. K., Chan, S.-P., Wang, C., Mohan, V., et al. (2023) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110718 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Talbo, M. K., Katz, A., Hill, L., Peters, T. M., Yale, J., & Brazeau, A. (2023) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102119 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
The History, Evolution and Future of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM)
Bender, C., Vestergaard, P., & Cichosz, S. L. (2025) · Diabetology · doi:10.3390/diabetology6030017 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
A new look at brittle diabetes
Hirsch, I. B., & Gaudiani, L. (2020) · Journal of Diabetes and its Complications · doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107646 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationComparisons of Fifth-, Sixth-, and Seventh-Generation Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems
Welsh, J. B., Psavko, S., Zhang, X., Gao, P., & Balo, A. K. (2022) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/19322968221099879 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Cichosz, S. L., Jensen, M. H., & Olesen, S. S. (2024) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2023.0532 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Lin, Y. K., Richardson, C. R., Dobrin, I., DeJonckheere, M. J., Mizokami‐Stout, K., Fetters, M. D., Aikens, J. E., Fisher, S. J., Ye, W., & Pop‐Busui, R. (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc21-1285 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationEhrmann, D., SCHMITT, A. J., Priesterroth, L., Kulzer, B., Haak, T., & Hermanns, N. (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc21-2339 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Wu, X., Luo, S., Zheng, X., Ding, Y., Wang, S., Ling, P., Yue, T., Xu, W., Yan, J., & Weng, J. (2021) · Journal of Diabetes Investigation · doi:10.1111/jdi.13519 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Fang, Z., Liu, M., Tao, J., Li, C., Zou, F., & Zhang, W. (2022) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-021-01674-6 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Friedman, J. G., Cardona, Z., Szmuilowicz, E. D., & Aleppo, G. (2023) · Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine · doi:10.2147/pgpm.s374663 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationFung, E., Lui, L.-T., Huang, L., Cheng, K. F., Lau, G. H. W., Chung, Y. T., Ahmadabadi, B. N., Xie, S., Lee, J. S. W., Hui, E., et al. (2021) · The Lancet Healthy Longevity · doi:10.1016/s2666-7568(21)00251-8 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Reddy, M., & Oliver, N. S. (2024) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.15504 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
A comprehensive review of non-invasive optical and microwave biosensors for glucose monitoring
Martins, A. J. L., Velásquez, R., Gaillac, D. B., dos Santos, V. N., Tami, D., Souza, R. N. P., Osorio, F. C., Fogli, G. A., Soares, B. S., do Rego, C. G., et al. (2024) · Biosensors and Bioelectronics · doi:10.1016/j.bios.2024.117081 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Kang, S., Kang, S. M., Choi, J. H., Ko, S., Koo, B. K., Kwon, H.-S., Kim, M. K., Kim, S. Y., Kim, S., Kim, Y., et al. (2025) · Diabetes & Metabolism Journal · doi:10.4093/dmj.2025.0469 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Zhang, Z., Wang, Y., Lu, J., & Zhou, J. (2024) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.16033 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Cardiac Rehab in the COVID Era and Beyond: mHealth and Other Novel Opportunities
Epstein, E., Patel, N., Maysent, K., & Taub, P. R. (2021) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-021-01482-7 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Galindo, R. J., Parkin, C. G., Aleppo, G., Carlson, A. L., Kruger, D. F., Levy, C. J., Umpierrez, G. E., & McGill, J. B. (2021) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2021.0107 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationInsulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus in older adults: Current status and future prospects
Ikegami, H., Hiromine, Y., & Noso, S. (2022) · Geriatrics and gerontology international/Geriatrics & gerontology international · doi:10.1111/ggi.14414 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Shi, M., Yang, A., Lau, E. S. H., Luk, A. O. Y., Ronald, C. W., Kong, A. P. S., Wong, R. S. M., Chan, J. C. M., Chan, J. C. N., & Chow, E. (2024) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1004369 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Prasad‐Reddy, L., Godina, A., Chetty, A. K., Close Concerns, S. F., & Isaacs, D. (2022) · touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology · doi:10.17925/ee.2022.18.2.116 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Greenwood, D. A., Litchman, M. L., Isaacs, D., Blanchette, J. E., Dickinson, J. K., Hughes, A., Colicchio, V. D., Ye, J., Yehl, K., Todd, A., et al. (2022) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/19322968211036430 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Gubitosi-Klug, R. A., Braffett, B. H., Bebu, I., Johnson, M. L., Farrell, K., Kenny, D., Trapani, V. R., Meadema-Mayer, L., Soliman, E. Z., Pop-Busui, R., et al. (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc21-0629 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationJacobsen, L. M., Sherr, J. L., Considine, E. G., Chen, A., Peeling, S., Hulsmans, M., Charleer, S., Urazbayeva, M., Tosur, M., ALAMARIE, S. A., et al. (2023) · Communications Medicine · doi:10.1038/s43856-023-00358-x · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationMathias, P., Mahali, L. P., & Agarwal, S. (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc22-0555 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetes mellitus: risks and practical prevention strategies
Kaur, J., & Seaquist, E. R. (2022) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-022-00762-8 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Diabetes: the role of continuous glucose monitoring
Kluemper, J. R., Smith, A. C., & Wobeter, B. R. (2022) · Drugs in Context · doi:10.7573/dic.2021-9-13 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Past, Present, and Future of Continuous Glucose Monitors
Garg, S. K. (2023) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2023.0041 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Jacobsen, L. M., & Schatz, D. (2026) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2026.0048 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Diabetes self-management education (DSME) for older persons in Western countries: A scoping review
Plazas, P. C., Robertson, M. A., Alvarado, B., Paré, G. C., Costa, I. G., & Duhn, L. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0288797 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Nocturnal Hypoglycemia in the Era of Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Kulzer, B., Freckmann, G., Ziegler, R., Schnell, O., Glatzer, T., & Heinemann, L. (2024) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/19322968241267823 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Shah, V. N., Snell‐Bergeon, J. K., Demmitt, J. K., Joshee, P., Garcetti, R., Pyle, L. L., & Polsky, S. (2021) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2021.0093 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Pratley, R. E., Kanapka, L. G., Rickels, M. R., Ahmann, A., Aleppo, G., Beck, R., Bhargava, A., Bode, B. W., Carlson, A., Chaytor, N. S., Fox, D. S., Goland, R., Hirsch, I. B., Kruger, D., Kudva, Y. C., Levy, C., McGill, J. B., Peters, A., Philipson, L., Philis-Tsimikas, A., Pop-Busui, R., Shah, V. N., Thompson, M., Vendrame, F., Verdejo, A., Weinstock, R. S., Young, L., Miller, K. M., & for the Wireless Innovation for Seniors With Diabetes Mellitus (WISDM) Study Group
- Affiliations
- AdventHealth Orlando (US)
- Jaeb Center for Health Research (US)
- University of Pennsylvania Health System (US)
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- Northwestern University (US)
- Iowa Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (US)
- Atlanta Diabetes Associates (US)
- Park Nicollet Health Services (US)
- Washington State University Spokane (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Henry Ford Health (US)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Scripps Whittier Diabetes Institute, La Jolla, California
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- University of Colorado Anschutz (US)
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
- University of Miami (US)
- SUNY Upstate Medical University (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pratley, Richard E.
- ORCID
- Pratley, Richard E.
- Kanapka, Lauren G.
- Rickels, Michael R.
- Ahmann, Andrew
- Aleppo, Grazia
- Beck, Roy
- Bhargava, Anuj
- Bode, Bruce W.
- Carlson, Anders
- Chaytor, Naomi S.
- Fox, D. Steven
- Hirsch, Irl B.
- Kruger, Davida
- Kudva, Yogish C.
- Levy, Carol
- McGill, Janet B.
- Peters, Anne
- Philipson, Louis
- Shah, Viral N.
- Thompson, Michael
- Vendrame, Francesco
- Verdejo, Alandra
- Weinstock, Ruth S.
- Young, Laura
- Miller, Kellee M.
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2020-06-16
- Volume
- 323
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 2397
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- PMC
- PMC7298607
- OpenAlex
- W3034989043
- Semantic Scholar
- 1c097e3947a1ab456a4aec132a408f1d6419a62b
- Cited by
- 375
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 55 · 2025: 63 · 2024: 72 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 67 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 9
- FWCI
- 34.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Eli Lilly and Company
- AstraZeneca
- Sanofi
- Gilead Sciences
- McGill University
- Insulet Corporation
- MannKind Corporation
- Dexcom
- Mylan
- Jaeb Center for Health Research
- Novo Nordisk
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR001422, UL1TR001878)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK020541, P30DK020595, P30DK111022)
- National Center for Research Resources
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Keywords
- continuous glucose monitoring, hypoglycemia, type 1 diabetes, older adults, blood glucose monitoring, hyperglycemia, glycemic control, HbA1c, cognitive function, patient-reported outcomes, insulin pump therapy, hypoglycemia awareness, hypoglycemia treatment, hypoglycemia prevention
- MeSH terms
- Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Aged, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hyperglycemia, Hypoglycemia, Hypoglycemic Agents, Male, Middle Aged, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, Monitoring, Ambulatory
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
