Progression of intestinal permeability changes and alpha-synuclein expression in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease
Open accessAbstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifocal degenerative disorder for which there is no cure. The majority of cases are sporadic with unknown etiology. Recent data indicate that untreated patients with de novo PD have increased colonic permeability and that both de novo and premotor patients have pathological expression of α‐synuclein (α‐syn) in their colon. Both endpoints potentially can serve as disease biomarkers and even may initiate PD events through gut‐derived, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced neuronal injury. Animal models could be ideal for interrogating the potential role of the intestines in the pathogenesis of PD; however, few current animal models of PD encompass these nonmotor features. We sought to establish a progressive model of PD that includes the gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction present in human patients. C57/BL6 mice were systemically administered one dose of either LPS (2.5 mg/kg) or saline and were sacrificed in monthly intervals (n = 5 mice for 5 months) to create a time‐course. Small and large intestinal permeability was assessed by analyzing the urinary output of orally ingested sugar probes through capillary column gas chromatography. α‐Syn expression was assessed by counting the number of mildly, moderately, and severely affected myenteric ganglia neurons throughout the GI tract, and the counts were validated by quantitative optical density measurements. Nigrostriatal integrity was assessed by tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry stereology and densitometry. LPS caused an immediate and progressive increase in α‐syn expression in the large intestine but not in the small intestine. Intestinal permeability of the whole gut (large and small intestines) progressively increased between months 2 and 4 after LPS administration but returned to baseline levels at month 5. Selective measurements demonstrated that intestinal permeability in the small intestine remained largely intact, suggesting that gut leakiness was predominately in the large intestine. Phosphorylated serine 129‐α‐syn was identified in a subset of colonic myenteric neurons at months 4 and 5. Although these changes were observed in the absence of nigrostriatal degeneration, an abrupt but insignificant increase in brainstem α‐syn was observed that paralleled the restoration of permeability. No changes were observed over time in controls. LPS, an endotoxin used to model PD, causes sequential increases in α‐syn immunoreactivity, intestinal permeability, and pathological α‐syn accumulation in the colon in a manner similar to that observed in patients with PD. These features are observed without nigrostriatal degeneration and incorporate PD features before the motor syndrome. This allows for the potential use of this model in testing neuroprotective and disease‐modifying therapies, including intestinal‐directed therapies to fortify intestinal barrier integrity. © 2013 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A leaky gut barrier has been linked to PD pathogenesis involving local flux of bacterial toxins, microbes, and potentially molecules like α-synuclein across the gastrointestinal epithelium.
“A leaky gut barrier has been linked to PD pathogenesis involving local flux of bacterial toxins, microbes, and potentially molecules like α-synuclein across the gastrointestinal epithelium [29–31]”
From The gut–brain axis in early Parkinson’s disease: from prodrome to prevention (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
The Abstract hypothesizes that a leaky gut permits bacterial endotoxin (LPS) to pass from the intestinal lumen into enteric tissues, and the Discussion links permeability dysfunction to inflammation and neuronal damage in PD. The paper does not establish that whole microbes or α-synuclein cross the gastrointestinal epithelium; it describes α-synuclein expression in enteric neurons instead. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredLipopolysaccharide produced by gut microbiota treatment can increase the accumulation of alpha-synuclein in the enteric nervous system and increase intestinal permeability.
“LPS produced by gut microbiota treatment can increase the accumulation of a-synuclein in the enteric nervous system and increase intestinal permeability.128”
From The role of gut dysbiosis in Parkinson’s disease: mechanistic insights and therapeutic options (2021) · cites this paper as [128]
The Discussion reports that low-dose LPS increased enteric α-synuclein expression and gut permeability in mice, predominantly in the large intestine. But the Experimental Design specifies a single intraperitoneal LPS dose, not treatment with gut microbiota or a demonstration that microbiota-produced LPS caused these effects. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredInjection of endotoxin into mice induces α-synuclein production and aggregation, as well as loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.
“injection of endotoxin into mice induces α-synuclein production and aggregation, as well as loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.”
From The endotoxin hypothesis of neurodegeneration (2019) · cites this paper as [99]
A single dose of peripheral endotoxin in mice caused increased expression of α-synuclein in neurons of the large intestine, followed by an increase in large intestinal permeability, in a manner similar to that observed in patients with Parkinson's disease.
“A single dose of peripheral endotoxin in mice caused increased expression of α-synuclein in neurons of the large intestine, followed by an increase in large intestinal permeability, in a manner similar to that observed in patients with PD [99].”
From The endotoxin hypothesis of neurodegeneration (2019) · cites this paper as [99]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson’s disease
Braak, H., Tredici, K. D., Rüb, U., de Vos, R. A. I., Jansen Steur, E. N. H., & Braak, E. (2003) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(02)00065-9 · Cited by 10,777 · see citing works
Spillantini, M. G., Schmidt, M. L., Lee, V. M.-Y., Trojanowski, J. Q., Jakes, R., & Goedert, M. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/42166 · Cited by 8,382 · see citing works
Metagenomic Analysis of the Human Distal Gut Microbiome
Gill, S. R., Pop, M., DeBoy, R. T., Eckburg, P. B., Turnbaugh, P. J., Samuel, B. S., Gordon, J. I., Relman, D. A., Fraser-Liggett, C. M., & Nelson, K. E. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1124234 · Cited by 4,699 · see citing works
Systemic LPS causes chronic neuroinflammation and progressive neurodegeneration
Qin, L., Wu, X., Block, M. L., Liu, Y., Breese, G. R., Hong, J., Knapp, D. J., & Crews, F. T. (2007) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.20467 · Cited by 2,144 · see citing works
Braak, H., de Vos, R. A. I., Bohl, J., & Del Tredici, K. (2006) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2005.11.012 · Cited by 1,354 · see citing works
Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease
Fasano, A., Visanji, N. P., Liu, L. W. C., Lang, A. E., & Pfeiffer, R. F. (2015) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(15)00007-1 · Cited by 1,016 · see citing works
SIC Task Force appraisal of clinical diagnostic criteria for parkinsonian disorders
Litvan, I., Bhatia, K. P., Burn, D. J., Goetz, C. G., Lang, A. E., McKeith, I. G., Quinn, N. P., Sethi, K. D., Shults, C. W., & Wenning, G. K. (2003) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.10459 · Cited by 1,006 · see citing works
Forsyth, C. B., Shannon, K. M., Kordower, J. H., Voigt, R. M., Shaikh, M., Jaglin, J. A., Estes, J. D., Dodiya, H. B., & Keshavarzian, A. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0028032 · Cited by 974 · see citing works
Self-citationIntestinal permeability: an overview
Bjarnason, I., Macpherson, A., & Hollander, D. (1995) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/0016-5085(95)90708-4 · Cited by 927 · see citing works
Gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease
Pfeiffer, R. F. (2003) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(03)00307-7 · Cited by 925 · see citing works
Arizona Parkinson’s Disease Consortium, Beach, T. G., Adler, C. H., Sue, L. I., Vedders, L., Lue, L., White III, C. L., Akiyama, H., Caviness, J. N., Shill, H. A., et al. (2010) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-010-0664-3 · Cited by 911 · see citing works
Frequency of Bowel Movements and the Future Risk of Parkinson’s Disease
Abbott, R. D., Petrovitch, H., White, L. R., Masaki, K. H., Tanner, C. M., Curb, J. D., Grandinetti, A., Blanchette, P. L., Popper, J. S., & Ross, G. W. (2001) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.57.3.456 · Cited by 839 · see citing works
Toxin-induced models of Parkinson’s disease
Bové, J., Prou, D., Perier, C., & Przedborski, S. (2005) · NeuroRX · doi:10.1602/neurorx.2.3.484 · Cited by 739 · see citing works
Colonic inflammation in Parkinson's disease
Devos, D., Lebouvier, T., Lardeux, B., Biraud, M., Rouaud, T., Pouclet, H., Coron, E., Bruley des Varannes, S., Naveilhan, P., Nguyen, J.-M., et al. (2013) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2012.09.007 · Cited by 627 · see citing works
Intestinal barrier: An interface between health and disease
Farhadi, A., Banan, A., Fields, J. Z., & Keshavarzian, A. (2003) · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1046/j.1440-1746.2003.03032.x · Cited by 532 · see citing works
Self-citationParkinson's disease: the presence of Lewy bodies in Auerbach's and Meissner's plexuses
Wakabayashi, K., Takahashi, H., Takeda, S., Ohama, E., & Ikuta, F. (1988) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00687767 · Cited by 528 · see citing works
Pan-Montojo, F., Anichtchik, O., Dening, Y., Knels, L., Pursche, S., Jung, R., Jackson, S., Gille, G., Spillantini, M. G., Reichmann, H., et al. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008762 · Cited by 524 · see citing works
Alpha-synuclein in colonic submucosa in early untreated Parkinson’s disease
Shannon, K. M., Keshavarzian, A., Mutlu, E., Dodiya, H. B., Daian, D., Jaglin, J. A., & Kordower, J. H. (2012) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.23838 · Cited by 469 · see citing works
Self-citationIs alpha-synuclein in the colon a biomarker for premotor Parkinson’s disease? Evidence from 3 cases
Shannon, K. M., Keshavarzian, A., Dodiya, H. B., Jakate, S., & Kordower, J. H. (2012) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.25020 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
Self-citationPrevalence of Dementia in Older Japanese-American Men in Hawaii: The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study
White, L. (1996) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1996.03540120033030 · Cited by 437 · see citing works
Medical records documentation of constipation preceding Parkinson disease
Savica, R., Carlin, J. M., Grossardt, B. R., Bower, J. H., Ahlskog, J. E., Maraganore, D. M., Bharucha, A. E., & Rocca, W. A. (2009) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181c34af5 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
Lebouvier, T., Neunlist, M., Bruley des Varannes, S., Coron, E., Drouard, A., N'Guyen, J.-M., Chaumette, T., Tasselli, M., Paillusson, S., Flamand, M., et al. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0012728 · Cited by 427 · see citing works
Neuropathology of Autonomic Nervous System in Parkinson's Disease
Wakabayashi, K., & Takahashi, H. (2008) · European Neurology · doi:10.1159/000113469 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Pan-Montojo, F., Schwarz, M., Winkler, C., Arnhold, M., O'Sullivan, G. A., Pal, A., Said, J., Marsico, G., Verbavatz, J.-M., Rodrigo-Angulo, M., et al. (2012) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep00898 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
Chu, Y., & Kordower, J. H. (2006) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2006.08.021 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Self-citationForsyth, C. B., Farhadi, A., Jakate, S. M., Tang, Y., Shaikh, M. W., & Keshavarzian, A. (2009) · Alcohol · doi:10.1016/j.alcohol.2008.12.009 · Cited by 395 · see citing works
Self-citationCastaño, A., Herrera, A. J., Cano, J., & Machado, A. (1998) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70041584.x · Cited by 393 · see citing works
Herrera, A. J., Castaño, A., Venero, J. L., Cano, J., & Machado, A. (2000) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1006/nbdi.2000.0289 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Topography of efferent vagal innervation of the rat gastrointestinal tract
Berthoud, H., Carlson, N. R., & Powley, T. L. (1991) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1991.260.1.r200 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Keshavarzian, A., Farhadi, A., Forsyth, C. B., Rangan, J., Jakate, S. M., Shaikh, M. W., Banan, A., & Fields, J. Z. (2008) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2008.10.028 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Self-citationBloch, A., Probst, A., Bissig, H., Adams, H., & Tolnay, M. (2006) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2990.2006.00727.x · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Wakabayashi, K., Takahashi, H., Ohama, E., & Ikuta, F. (1990) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00294234 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Cersosimo, M. G., Raina, G. B., Pecci, C., Pellene, A., Calandra, C. R., Gutiérrez, C., Micheli, F. E., & Benarroch, E. E. (2013) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-012-6801-2 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Esophageal Lewy bodies associated with ganglion cell loss in achalasia
Qualman, S. J., Haupt, H. M., Yang, P. H., & Hamilton, S. R. (1984) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/0016-5085(84)90079-9 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Qualman, S. J., Haupt, H. M., Yang, P. H., & Hamilton, S. R. (1984) · PubMed · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Tredici, K. D., Hawkes, C. H., Ghebremedhin, E., & Braak, H. (2010) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-010-0665-2 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Kuo, Y., Li, Z., Jiao, Y., Gaborit, N., Pani, A. K., Orrison, B. M., Bruneau, B. G., Giasson, B. I., Smeyne, R. J., Gershon, M. D., et al. (2010) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddq038 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Keita, Å. V., & Söderholm, J. D. (2010) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2010.01498.x · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Chronic rotenone exposure reproduces Parkinson's disease gastrointestinal neuropathology
Drolet, R. E., Cannon, J. R., Montero, L. M., & Greenamyre, J. T. (2009) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2009.06.017 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Inflammation and α-Synuclein’s Prion-like Behavior in Parkinson's Disease—Is There a Link?
Tomé, C. M. L., Tyson, T., Rey, N. L., Grathwohl, S. A., Britschgi, M., & Brundin, P. (2012) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-012-8267-8 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Parkinson's disease and megacolon
Kupsky, W. J., Grimes, M. M., Sweeting, J. C., Bertsch, R., & Cote, L. J. (1987) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.37.7.1253 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Pathological lesions in colonic biopsies during Parkinson’s disease
Lebouvier, T., Chaumette, T., Damier, P., Coron, E., Touchefeu, Y., Vrignaud, S., Naveilhan, P., Galmiche, J.-P., Varannes, S. B. D., Derkinderen, P., et al. (2008) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.2008.162503 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Farhadi, A., Gundlapalli, S., Shaikh, M. W., Frantzides, C. T., Harrell, L. E., Kwasny, M., & Keshavarzian, A. (2008) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2008.01723.x · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Self-citationBowel movement frequency in late‐life and incidental Lewy bodies
Abbott, R. D., Ross, G. W., Petrovitch, H., Tanner, C. M., Davis, D. G., Masaki, K., Launer, L. J., Curb, J. D., & White, L. R. (2007) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.21560 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Phillips, R. J., Walter, G. C., Wilder, S. L., Baronowsky, E. A., & Powley, T. L. (2008) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.02.074 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Parkinson’s disease is not associated with gastrointestinal myenteric ganglion neuron loss
Annerino, D. M., Arshad, S., Taylor, G. M., Adler, C., Beach, T., & Greene, J. (2012) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-012-1040-2 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Pre-motor features of Parkinson's disease: the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study experience
Ross, G. W., Abbott, R. D., Petrovitch, H., Tanner, C. M., & White, L. R. (2011) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/s1353-8020(11)70062-1 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Striatal Neuroinflammation Promotes Parkinsonism in Rats
Choi, D.-Y., Liu, M., Hunter, R. L., Cass, W. A., Pandya, J. D., Sullivan, P. G., Shin, E.-J., Kim, H.-C., Gash, D. M., & Bing, G. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005482 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Expression pattern and localization of alpha-synuclein in the human enteric nervous system
Bottner, M. B., Zorenkov, D., Hellwig, I., Barrenschee, M., Harde, J., Fricke, T., Deuschl, G., Egberts, J. D., Becker, T., Fritscher‐Ravens, A., et al. (2012) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2012.07.018 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
A comparison between rectal and colonic biopsies to detect Lewy pathology in Parkinson's disease
Pouclet, H., Lebouvier, T., Coron, E., Bruley des Varannes, S., Rouaud, T., Roy, M., Neunlist, M., & Derkinderen, P. (2012) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2011.08.014 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Wang, L., Magen, I., Yuan, P. Q., Subramaniam, S., Richter, F., Chesselet, M. ‐., & Taché, Y. (2012) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2012.01974.x · Cited by 115 · see citing works
A prospective study of bowel movement frequency and risk of Parkinson's disease
Gao, X., Chen, H., Schwarzschild, M. A., & Ascherio, A. (2011) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwr119 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Alpha-synuclein overexpressing transgenic mice show internal organ pathology and autonomic deficits
Hallett, P. J., McLean, J. R., Kartunen, A., Langston, J. W., & Ole Isacson, A. (2012) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2012.04.009 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Effects of oral administration of rotenone on gastrointestinal functions in mice
Tasselli, M., Chaumette, T., Paillusson, S., Monnet, Y., Lafoux, A., Huchet, C., Aubert, P., Hunot, S., Derkinderen, P., & Neunlist, M. (2013) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.12070 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Endotoxin induces a delayed loss of TH-IR neurons in substantia nigra and motor behavioral deficits
Liu, Y., Qin, L., Wilson, B., Wu, X., Qian, L., Granholm, A.-C., Crews, F. T., & Hong, J.-S. (2008) · NeuroToxicology · doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2008.02.014 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Noorian, A. R., Rha, J., Annerino, D. M., Bernhard, D., Taylor, G. M., & Greene, J. G. (2012) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2012.06.005 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Zhang, J., Stanton, D. M., Nguyen, X. V., Liu, M., Zhang, Z., Gash, D. M., & Bing, G. (2005) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.06.049 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Parkinson's disease with involvement of the parasympathetic ganglia
Takeda, S., Yamazaki, K., Miyakawa, T., & Arai, H. (1993) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00369454 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Farhadi, A., Keshavarzian, A., Fields, J. Z., Sheikh, M., & Banan, A. (2006) · Journal of Chromatography B · doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.03.046 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationLee, H.-J., Suk, J., Lee, K.-W., Park, S.-H., Blumbergs, P. C., Gai, W., & Lee, S. (2011) · Experimental Neurobiology · doi:10.5607/en.2011.20.4.181 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Ciliax (1999) · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19990621)409:1
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [61]Ross GW Abbott RD Petrovitch H Tanner CM White LR Premotor features of Parkinson’s disease: the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study experience Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2012 18 suppl 1 S199 S202 22166434
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Gut microbiota are related to Parkinson's disease and clinical phenotype
Scheperjans, F., Aho, V., Pereira, P. A. B., Koskinen, K., Paulin, L., Pekkonen, E., Haapaniemi, E., Kaakkola, S., Eerola‐Rautio, J., Pohja, M., et al. (2015) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.26069 · Cited by 1,968 · see citing works
Our gut microbiome: The evolving inner self
Kundu, P., Blacher, E., Elinav, E., & Pettersson, S. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.11.024 · Cited by 633 · see citing works
Bedarf, J. R., Hildebrand, F., Coelho, L. P., Sunagawa, S., Bahram, M., Goeser, F., Bork, P., & Wüllner, U. (2017) · Genome Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13073-017-0428-y · Cited by 642 · see citing works
The gut-brain axis: is intestinal inflammation a silent driver of Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis?
Houser, M. C., & Tansey, M. G. (2017) · npj Parkinson's Disease · doi:10.1038/s41531-016-0002-0 · Cited by 588 · see citing works
Brain-Gut-Microbiota Axis in Parkinson’s Disease
Mulak, A. (2015) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i37.10609 · Cited by 583 · see citing works
Intestinal dysbiosis and lowered serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein in Parkinson's disease
Hasegawa, S., Goto, S., Tsuji, H., Okuno, T., Asahara, T., Nomoto, K., Shibata, A., Fujisawa, Y., Minato, T., Okamoto, A., et al. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0142164 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
The endotoxin hypothesis of neurodegeneration
Brown, G. C. (2019) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1564-7 · Cited by 457 · see citing works
Signaling pathways in Parkinson’s disease: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions
Xu, D.-C., Yong, C., Xu, Y., Chen-Yu, S., & Peng, L. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01353-3 · Cited by 499 · see citing works
The microbiome–gut–brain axis in Parkinson disease — from basic research to the clinic
Tan, A. H., Lim, S. Y., & Lang, A. E. (2022) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-022-00681-2 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Exploring Braak’s hypothesis of Parkinson’s disease
Rietdijk, C. D., Perez-Pardo, P., Garssen, J., van Wezel, R. J. A., & Kraneveld, A. D. (2017) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2017.00037 · Cited by 395 · see citing works
<scp>Meta‐Analysis</scp> of Gut Dysbiosis in Parkinson's Disease
Nishiwaki, H., Ito, M., Ishida, T., Hamaguchi, T., Maeda, T., Kashihara, K., Tsuboi, Y., Ueyama, J., Shimamura, T., Mori, H., et al. (2020) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.28119 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Role of Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Regulating Dopaminergic Signaling
Hamamah, S., Aghazarian, A., Nazaryan, A., Hajnal, A. S., & Covașă, M. (2022) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines10020436 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
A Role for Neuronal Alpha-Synuclein in Gastrointestinal Immunity
Stolzenberg, E. D., Berry, D. L., Yang, D., Lee, E. Y., Kroemer, A., Kaufman, S. S., Wong, G. C. L., Oppenheim, J. J., Sen, S., Fishbein, T., et al. (2017) · Journal of Innate Immunity · doi:10.1159/000477990 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
The role of gut dysbiosis in Parkinson’s disease: mechanistic insights and therapeutic options
Wang, Q., Luo, Y., Ray Chaudhuri, K., Reynolds, R., Tan, E.-K., & Pettersson, S. (2021) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awab156 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Pellegrini, C., Antonioli, L., Colucci, R., Blandizzi, C., & Fornai, M. (2018) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-018-1856-5 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Gut microbiota in patients with Parkinson's disease in southern China
Lin, A., Zheng, W., He, Y., Tang, W., Wei, X., He, R., Huang, W., Su, Y., Huang, Y., Zhou, H., et al. (2018) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.05.007 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Chen, S.-J., Chen, C.-C., Liao, H.-Y., Lin, Y.-T., Wu, Y.-W., Liou, J.-M., Wu, M.-S., Kuo, C.-H., & Lin, C.-H. (2022) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000013225 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Progression of Parkinson's disease is associated with gut dysbiosis: Two-year follow-up study
Minato, T., Maeda, T., Fujisawa, Y., Tsuji, H., Nomoto, K., Ohno, K., & Hirayama, M. (2017) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0187307 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
The intestinal barrier in disorders of the central nervous system
Pellegrini, C., Fornai, M., D'Antongiovanni, V., Antonioli, L., Bernardini, N., & Derkinderen, P. (2023) · The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(22)00241-2 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
The Microbiome as a Modifier of Neurodegenerative Disease Risk
Fang, P., Kazmi, S. A., Jameson, K. G., & Hsiao, E. Y. (2020) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2020.06.008 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Microglia affect α-synuclein cell-to-cell transfer in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease
George, S., Rey, N. L., Tyson, T., Esquibel, C., Meyerdirk, L., Schulz, E., Pierce, S., Burmeister, A. R., Madaj, Z., Steiner, J. A., et al. (2019) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-019-0335-3 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Desulfovibrio Bacteria Are Associated With Parkinson’s Disease
Murros, K. E., Huynh, V. A., Takala, T. M., & Saris, P. E. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.652617 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Microbiota-gut-brain signalling in Parkinson's disease: Implications for non-motor symptoms
Felice, V. D., Quigley, E. M., Sullivan, A. M., O'Keeffe, G. W., & O'Mahony, S. M. (2016) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.03.012 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Manfredsson, F. P., Luk, K. C., Benskey, M. J., Gezer, A., Garcia, J., Kuhn, N. C., Sandoval, I. M., Patterson, J. R., O'Mara, A., Yonkers, R., et al. (2018) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2018.01.008 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Self-citationStool Immune Profiles Evince Gastrointestinal Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease
Houser, M. C., Chang, J., Factor, S. A., Molho, E., Zabetian, C. P., Hill‐Burns, E. M., Payami, H., Hertzberg, V., & Tansey, M. G. (2018) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.27326 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Gut–brain axis and the spread of α‐synuclein pathology: Vagal highway or dead end?
Breen, D. P., Halliday, G. M., & Lang, A. E. (2019) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.27556 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Gorecki, A. M., Preskey, L., Bakeberg, M. C., Kenna, J. E., Gildenhuys, C., MacDougall, G., Dunlop, S. A., Mastaglia, F. L., Akkari, P. A., Koengten, F., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00839 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Huang, B., Chau, S. W. H., Liu, Y., Chan, J. W. Y., Wang, J., Ma, S. L., Zhang, J., Chan, P. K. S., Yeoh, Y. K., Chen, Z., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38248-4 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Gut Microbiota: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Parkinson’s Disease
Zhu, M., Liu, X., Ye, Y., Yan, X., Cheng, Y., Zhao, L., Chen, F., & Ling, Z. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.937555 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Parkinson’s Disease and the Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Lubomski, M., Tan, A. H., Lim, S.-Y., Holmes, A. J., Davis, R. L., & Sue, C. M. (2020) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-019-09320-1 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Oral administration of Proteus mirabilis damages dopaminergic neurons and motor functions in mice
Choi, J. G., Kim, N., Ju, I. G., Eo, H., Lim, S.-M., Jang, S.-E., Kim, D.-H., & Oh, M. S. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19646-x · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Synaptic failure and α‐synuclein
Calò, L., Węgrzynowicz, M., Santivañez‐Perez, J., & Spillantini, M. G. (2016) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.26479 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
The Role of the Gut Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease
Yang, D., Zhao, D., Ali Shah, S. Z., Wu, W., Lai, M., Zhang, X., Li, J., Guan, Z., Zhao, H., Li, W., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.01155 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Preventing Parkinson’s Disease: An Environmental Agenda
Miranda, B. R. D., Goldman, S. M., Miller, G. W., Greenamyre, J. T., & Dorsey, E. R. (2021) · Journal of Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-212922 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Parkinson’s Disease and Gut Microbiota
Hirayama, M., & Ohno, K. (2021) · Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1159/000518147 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Nair, A. T., Ramachandran, V., Joghee, N. M., Shanish Antony, A., & Ramalingam, G. (2018) · Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility · doi:10.5056/jnm17105 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Role of Endogenous Lipopolysaccharides in Neurological Disorders
Kalyan, M., Hediyal, T. A., Sonali, S., Vichitra, C., Sunanda, T., Praveenraj, S. S., Ray, B., Gorantla, V. R., Rungratanawanich, W., Mahalakshmi, A. M., et al. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11244038 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Dutta, S., Verma, S., Jain, V., Surapaneni, B. K., Vinayek, R., Phillips, L. E., & Nair, P. P. (2019) · Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility · doi:10.5056/jnm19044 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Weis, S., Schwiertz, A., Unger, M. M., Becker, A., Faßbender, K., Ratering, S., Kohl, M., Schnell, S., Schäfer, K.-H., & Egert, M. (2019) · npj Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.1038/s41531-019-0100-x · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Exposure to bacterial endotoxin generates a distinct strain of α-synuclein fibril
Kim, C., Lv, G., Lee, J. S., Jung, B. C., Masuda-Suzukake, M., Hong, C.-S., Valera, E., Lee, H.-J., Paik, S. R., Hasegawa, M., et al. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep30891 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Mulak, A., Koszewicz, M., Panek-Jeziorna, M., Koziorowska-Gawron, E., & Budrewicz, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00992 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Enteric glial cells: New players in Parkinson's disease?
Clairembault, T., Leclair‐Visonneau, L., Neunlist, M., & Derkinderen, P. (2015) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.25979 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
In vivo gastric detection of α-synuclein inclusions in Parkinson's disease
Sánchez‐Ferro, Á., Rábano, A., Catalán, M. J., Rodríguez‐Valcárcel, F. C., Díez, S. F., Herreros‐Rodríguez, J., García‐Cobos, E., Álvarez‐Santullano, M. M., López‐Manzanares, L., Mosqueira, A. J., et al. (2015) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.25988 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
The Gut-Brain Axis: Two Ways Signaling in Parkinson’s Disease
Dogra, N., Mani, R. J., & Katare, D. P. (2021) · Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s10571-021-01066-7 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Gut Vibes in Parkinson's Disease: The Microbiota‐Gut‐Brain Axis
Bullich‐Vilarrubias, C., Keshavarzian, A., Garssen, J., Kraneveld, A. D., & Perez‐Pardo, P. (2019) · Movement Disorders Clinical Practice · doi:10.1002/mdc3.12840 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Self-citationDeng, I. B., Corrigan, F., Zhai, G., Zhou, X., & Bobrovskaya, L. (2020) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100060 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Gut microbiome and Parkinson's disease: Perspective on pathogenesis and treatment
Salim, S., Ahmad, F. A., Banu, A., & Mohammad, F. (2022) · Journal of Advanced Research · doi:10.1016/j.jare.2022.10.013 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Zhang, F., Yue, L., Fang, X., Wang, G., Li, C., Sun, X., Jia, X., Yang, J., Song, J., Zhang, Y., et al. (2020) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.10.034 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Kell, D. B., & Pretorius, E. (2018) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/brv.12407 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
The Intestinal Barrier in Parkinson’s Disease: Current State of Knowledge
van IJzendoorn, S. C. D., & Derkinderen, P. (2019) · Journal of Parkinson’s Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-191707 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Wang, C., Lau, C. Y., Ma, F., & Zheng, C. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2106504118 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
TLR2 and TLR4 in Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis: The environment takes a toll on the gut
Gorecki, A. M., Anyaegbu, C. C., & Anderton, R. S. (2021) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-021-00271-0 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Altered Gut Microbiome and Intestinal Pathology in Parkinson’s Disease
Chiang, H., & Lin, C. (2019) · Journal of Movement Disorders · doi:10.14802/jmd.18067 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Gut bacterial composition in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease
Perez-Pardo, P., Dodiya, H. B., Engen, P. A., Naqib, A., Forsyth, C. B., Green, S. J., Garssen, J., Keshavarzian, A., & Kraneveld, A. D. (2018) · Beneficial Microbes · doi:10.3920/bm2017.0202 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Self-citationPotential roles of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in Parkinson’s disease
Zheng, S.-Y., Li, H.-X., Xu, R.-C., Miao, W.-T., Dai, M.-Y., Ding, S.-T., & Liu, H.-D. (2021) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2021.101347 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Probiotics for Parkinson's disease: Current evidence and future directions
Tan, A. H., Hor, J. W., Chong, C. W., & Lim, S. (2020) · JGH Open · doi:10.1002/jgh3.12450 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Role of Akkermansia in Human Diseases: From Causation to Therapeutic Properties
Pellegrino, A., Coppola, G., Santopaolo, F., Gasbarrini, A., & Ponziani, F. R. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15081815 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Zhu, Y., Yuan, M., Zhu, Y., Yang, F., Chen, W., Xu, Z.-Z., Xiang, Z.-B., & Xu, R.-S. (2021) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.317981 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Antibiotic Exposure and Risk of Parkinson's Disease in Finland: A Nationwide Case‐Control Study
Mertsalmi, T. H., Pekkonen, E., & Scheperjans, F. (2020) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.27924 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Feng, Y.-K., Wu, Q.-L., Peng, Y.-W., Liang, F.-Y., You, H.-J., Feng, Y.-W., Li, G., Li, X.-J., Liu, S.-H., Li, Y.-C., et al. (2020) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-020-02027-5 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Suzuki, A., Ito, M., Hamaguchi, T., Mori, H., Takeda, Y., Baba, R., Watanabe, T., Kurokawa, K., Asakawa, S., Hirayama, M., et al. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0208313 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Fang, X. (2015) · International Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.3109/00207454.2015.1096271 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
The gut-brain axis and Parkinson disease: Clinical and pathogenetic relevance
Menozzi, E., Macnaughtan, J., & Schapira, A. H. V. (2021) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1080/07853890.2021.1890330 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Animal models of Parkinson’s disease: a guide to selecting the optimal model for your research
Lama, J., Buhidma, Y., Fletcher, E. J. R., & Duty, S. (2021) · Neuronal Signaling · doi:10.1042/ns20210026 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Yang, X., Ai, P., He, X., Mo, C., Zhang, Y., Xu, S., Lai, Y., Qian, Y., & Xiao, Q. (2022) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.29063 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
The Endotoxin Hypothesis of Parkinson's Disease
Brown, G. C., Camacho, M., & Williams‐Gray, C. H. (2023) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.29432 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Microbiome, Parkinson’s Disease and Molecular Mimicry
Miraglia, F., & Colla, E. (2019) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells8030222 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Twardowska, A., Makaro, A., Binienda, A., Fichna, J., & Sałaga, M. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23063204 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Bester, J., Soma, P., Kell, D. B., & Pretorius, E. (2015) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.6074 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Leta, V., Chaudhuri, К. R., Milner, O., Chung‐Faye, G., Metta, V., Pariante, C. M., & Borsini, A. (2021) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2021.07.026 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Animal models of brain-first and body-first Parkinson's disease
Berge, N. V. D., & Ulusoy, A. (2021) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105599 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Intestinal Inflammation and Parkinson’s Disease
Li, Y., Chen, Y., Jiang, L., Zhang, J., Tong, X., Chen, D., & Le, W. (2021) · Aging and Disease · doi:10.14336/ad.2021.0418 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Dietary Carbohydrates and Lipids in the Pathogenesis of Leaky Gut Syndrome: An Overview
Binienda, A., Twardowska, A., Makaro, A., & Sałaga, M. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21218368 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Chen, S., & Lin, C. (2022) · Journal of Biomedical Science · doi:10.1186/s12929-022-00839-6 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Lei, Q., Wu, T., Wu, J., Hu, X., Guan, Y., Wang, Y., Yan, J., & Shi, G. (2021) · Molecular Medicine Reports · doi:10.3892/mmr.2021.12374 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
The Prion Hypothesis of Parkinson’s Disease
Chu, Y., & Kordower, J. H. (2015) · Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s11910-015-0549-x · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationBlaylock, R. L. (2017) · Surgical Neurology International · doi:10.4103/sni.sni_441_16 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Host-microbiome interactions: the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and the central nervous system
Lee, H. U., McPherson, Z. E., Tan, B., Korecka, A., & Pettersson, S. (2016) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00109-016-1486-0 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Gastrointestinal Immunity and Alpha-Synuclein
Barbut, D., Stolzenberg, E. D., & ZASLOFF, M. A. (2019) · Journal of Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-191702 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Intestinal epithelial barrier and neuromuscular compartment in health and disease
D’Antongiovanni, V., Pellegrini, C., Fornai, M., Colucci, R., Blandizzi, C., Antonioli, L., & Bernardini, N. (2020) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v26.i14.1564 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Kaur, G., Behl, T., BUNGAU, S. G., Kumar, A., Uddin, M. S., Mehta, V., Zengin, G., Mathew, B., Shah, M. A., & Arora, S. (2020) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x18666200606233050 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Benvenuti, L., D’Antongiovanni, V., Pellegrini, C., Antonioli, L., Bernardini, N., Blandizzi, C., & Fornai, M. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21239199 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Côté, M., Bourque, M., Poirier, A.-A., Aubé, B., Morissette, M., Paolo, T. D., & Soulet, D. (2015) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2015.05.017 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Li, X., Feng, X., Jiang, Z., & Jiang, Z. (2021) · Gut Pathogens · doi:10.1186/s13099-021-00420-w · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Activated microglia facilitate the transmission of α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease
Zheng, T., & Zhang, Z. (2021) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105094 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Endres, K., & Schäfer, K.-H. (2018) · Journal of Innate Immunity · doi:10.1159/000488629 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Microbes Tickling Your Tummy: the Importance of the Gut-Brain Axis in Parkinson’s Disease
Perez‐Pardo, P., Hartog, M., Garssen, J., & Kraneveld, A. D. (2017) · Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s40473-017-0129-2 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Ahn, E. H., Kang, S. S., Liu, X., Cao, X., Choi, S. Y., Musazzi, L., Mehlen, P., & Ye, K. (2020) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101905 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Inflammasome Activation in Parkinson’s Disease
Jewell, S. L., Herath, A. M., & Gordon, R. (2022) · Journal of Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-223338 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Gastrointestinal disorders in Parkinson’s disease and other Lewy body diseases
Hirayama, M., Nishiwaki, H., Hamaguchi, T., & Ohno, K. (2023) · npj Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.1038/s41531-023-00511-2 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Targeting selective autophagy and beyond: From underlying mechanisms to potential therapies
Ma, W., Lü, Y., Jin, X., Lin, N., Zhang, L., & Song, Y. (2024) · Journal of Advanced Research · doi:10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.009 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Vascellari, S., Melis, M., Palmas, V., Pisanu, S., Serra, A., Perra, D., Santoru, M. L., Oppo, V., Cusano, R., Uva, P., et al. (2021) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom11020144 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Pretorius, E., Pagé, M., Mbotwe, S., & Kell, D. B. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0192121 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
What Is the Evidence that Parkinson’s Disease Is a Prion Disorder, Which Originates in the Gut?
Kujawska, M., & Jodynis‐Liebert, J. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19113573 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Hang, Z.-C., Lei, T., Zeng, Z.-H., Cai, S.-L., Bi, W.-Y., & Du, H. (2021) · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112343 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease: Current and Potential Therapeutics
Han, M. N., Finkelstein, D. I., McQuade, R. M., & Diwakarla, S. (2022) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm12020144 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
A nutritional approach to microbiota in Parkinson’s disease
Uyar, G. Ö., & Yıldıran, H. (2019) · Bioscience of Microbiota Food and Health · doi:10.12938/bmfh.19-002 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Christensen, L. F. B., Jensen, K. F., Nielsen, J., Vad, B. S., Christiansen, G., & Otzen, D. E. (2019) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.8b03590 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Modification of the gut microbiome to combat neurodegeneration
Sasmita, A. O. (2019) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro-2019-0005 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Exploring Human-Genome Gut-Microbiome Interaction in Parkinson’s Disease
Wallen, Z. D., Stone, W. J., Factor, S. A., Molho, E., Zabetian, C. P., Standaert, D. G., & Payami, H. (2021) · npj Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.1038/s41531-021-00218-2 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kelly, L. P., Carvey, P. M., Keshavarzian, A., Shannon, K. M., Shaikh, M., Bakay, R. A. E., & Kordower, J. H.
- Affiliations
- Rush University (US)
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Kordower, Jeffrey H.
- Venue
- Movement Disorders
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-11-04
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 999-1009
- ISSN
- 0885-3185 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-8257
- PMC
- PMC4050039
- OpenAlex
- W2108108635
- Cited by
- 308
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6
- FWCI
- 4.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Movement Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS055143)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Keywords
- Parkinson's disease, intestinal permeability, alpha-synuclein, lipopolysaccharide, gastrointestinal dysfunction, nigrostriatal degeneration, tyrosine hydroxylase, disease biomarkers, mouse model, gut-brain axis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Chromatography, Gas, Colon, Disease Models, Animal, Gastrointestinal Agents, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Parkinson Disease, Permeability, Polysaccharides, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase, Vagus Nerve, Linear Models, Disease Progression, Mice, alpha-Synuclein
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
