Cited by 218Cardiovascular Disease and AdiposityCardiac Fibrosis and RemodelingAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases

Epicardial adipose tissue as a metabolic transducer: Role in heart failure and coronary artery disease

Patel, Vaibhav B., Shah, Saumya, Verma, Subodh, Oudit, Gavin Y.·2017·Heart Failure Reviews

Abstract

Obesity and diabetes are strongly associated with metabolic and cardiovascular disorders including dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease, hypertension, and heart failure. Adipose tissue is identified as a complex endocrine organ, which by exerting a wide array of regulatory functions at the cellular, tissue and systemic levels can have profound effects on the cardiovascular system. Different terms including "epicardial," "pericardial," and "paracardial" have been used to describe adipose tissue deposits surrounding the heart. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a unique and multifaceted fat depot with local and systemic effects. The functional and anatomic proximity of EAT to the myocardium enables endocrine, paracrine, and vasocrine effects on the heart. EAT displays a large secretosome, which regulates physiological and pathophysiological processes in the heart. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) secretes adipose-derived relaxing factor, which is a "cocktail" of cytokines, adipokines, microRNAs, and cellular mediators, with a potent effect on paracrine regulation of vascular tone, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, atherosclerosis-susceptibility, and restenosis. Although there are various physiological functions of the EAT and PVAT, a phenotypic transformation can lead to a major pathogenic role in various cardiovascular diseases. The equilibrium between the physiological and pathophysiological properties of EAT is very delicate and susceptible to the influences of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Various adipokines secreted from EAT and PVAT have a profound effect on the myocardium and coronary arteries; targeting these adipokines could be an important therapeutic approach to counteract cardiovascular disease.

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Crossref · 10.1007/s10741-017-9644-1

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Authors
Patel, V. B., Shah, S., Verma, S., & Oudit, G. Y.
Affiliations
  • University of Alberta (CA)
  • St. Michael's Hospital (CA)
Corresponding author
Oudit, Gavin Y.
Venue
Heart Failure Reviews
Published
2017-07-31
Volume
22
Issue
6
Pages
889-902
ISSN
  • 1382-4147 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-7322
OpenAlex
W2741189758
Cited by
218
References
139
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 18
FWCI
3.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Heart Failure Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
  • Alberta Innovates
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research (88341)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Fibrosis and Remodeling
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Keywords
epicardial adipose tissue, pericardial adipose tissue, adipokines, adipose tissue endocrine function, paracrine signaling, heart failure, coronary artery disease, obesity, diabetes mellitus, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, atherosclerosis, restenosis, dyslipidemia, hypertension
MeSH terms
Adipose Tissue, Coronary Artery Disease, Heart Failure, Humans, Myocardium, Pericardium, Cytokines, Adipokines

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