Age-related changes in total and regional fat distribution
Abstract
Aging is associated with progressive changes in total and regional fat distribution that have negative health consequences. Indeed, a preferential increase in abdominal fat, in particular visceral fat, combined with a decrease in lower body subcutaneous fat are commonly cited in the literature. These age-related changes in body composition can occur independent of changes in total adiposity, body weight or waist circumference, and represent a phenotype closely associated with increased morbidity and mortality risk. Tissues such as the heart, liver and skeletal muscle in the elderly have increased fat deposition, which increases risk for insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, aging is associated with increased fat content within bone marrow, which exposes the elderly to fracture risk beyond that associated with low bone mineral density alone. Many of the age-associated body compositional changes cannot be detected by simple anthropometric measures alone, and the influence of gender, race or ethnicity, and physical activity patterns on these changes is unclear. This review will explore some of these age-related changes in total and regional fat distribution. Consideration will also be given to the strengths and limitations associated with some of the anthropometric methodologies employed for assessing these changes.
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With aging, there is a change in body fat distribution resulting in increased ectopic fat accumulations in organs such as the liver, heart, and muscle.
“With aging, there is a change in body fat distribution resulting in increased ectopic fat accumulations in organs such as the liver, heart, and muscle (Cartwright et al., 2007; Kuk et al., 2009).”
From Myosteatosis in the Context of Skeletal Muscle Function Deficit: An Interdisciplinary Workshop at the National Institute on Aging (2020) · cites this paper as Kuk et al., 2009
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- Authors
- Kuk, J. L., Saunders, T. J., Davidson, L. E., & Ross, R.
- Affiliations
- York University (CA)
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CA)
- St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center (US)
- Queen's University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Ross, Robert
- Venue
- Ageing Research Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-10
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 339-348
- ISSN
- 1568-1637 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1974545118
- Cited by
- 778
- References
- 142
- Citations by year
- 2026: 53 · 2025: 63 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 79 · 2022: 70 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 47 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 3.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Ageing Research Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- aging, regional fat distribution, visceral fat, abdominal fat, subcutaneous adipose tissue, body composition, adiposity, bone marrow fat, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, fracture risk, anthropometry, older adults
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Age Factors, Aged, Aging, Body Weight, Humans, Body Fat Distribution
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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